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"Experts in climate and water sciences from Canada, the United States, Brazil, Denmark, Germany, Belgium, France, Serbia, and other European countries and the UNESCO gathered at the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts on the occasion of the 130th birthday anniversary of the geophysicist Milutin Milankovitch. The collection of their presentations is opened by an update on the climate situation after the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Further topics include various issues of paleoclimatology, in particular as it helps reduce uncertainties from which prospects for climate change suffer, ecohydrology and climate change at the watershed scale, and regional climate models, which are discussed in terms of both their improved modeling and their use in studies of a polynya in the Antarctica and expected changes in the Mediterranean region."

"Tourism in Indonesia is frequently associated with Bali. Although Bali is an important tourist destination within the Indonesian tourist system, a regional analysis shows that Java and specially Jakarta has a greater share in the tourist industry. Java and Bali combined offer 76 percent of the hotel supply and attract 79 percent of the International hotel demand. If tourism should be used to alleviate some of the biggest contemporary problems of Indonesia, namely hyperurbanisation and population pressure on Java and Bali, then more emphasis needs to be placed on regional distributive effects of tourism. Several approaches appear feasible: (1) improvement of the accomodation suppply and access to the outer islands; and (2) identification and targetting of those market segments with a more regionally dispersed travel pattern using a market segmentation analysis of the intra-national travel pattern of the international tourists."

"In Climate change from a criminological perspective, a panel of pioneering green criminologists investigates an increasingly complex chain of ecological causes and effects. Illegal acts are analyzed as they contribute to environmental decline (e.g., wildlife poaching) or result from ecological distress (e.g., survival-related theft). Regulatory and other interventions are critiqued, concepts of environmental harm refined, and new research methodologies called for. And while individual events described are mainly local, the contributors keep the global picture, and substantial questions about human rights and social relationships, firmly in mind. Topics featured include : global warming as corporate crime. Climate change and the courts : U.S. and global views. Climate change, natural disasters, and gender inequality. The roles and responsibilities of environmental enforcement networks. A sociocultural perspective on climate change denial. PLUS: instructive in-depth chapters on criminological aspects of Hurricane Katrina and the Japanese nuclear disaster. "

"The book contains a comprehensive and interdisciplinary analysis of the current problems around marine scientific research in the Arctic region. It combines scientific, legal and policy aspects. The main questions addressed are, ongoing and future Arctic marine research, marine research in the Arctic Ocean in practice, the legal framework, enlarged continental shelves and the freedom of marine science and particularities and challenges of the Arctic region."

"Realisasi PAD Kabupaten Muna dari tahun ke tahun mengalami fluktuasi, bahkan cenderung mengalami penurunan. Permasalahan utama yang dihadapi dalam mencapai target PAD disebabkan oleh (1) Perda PAD yang berkaitan dengan penentuan tarif pajak dan retribusi daerah sudah tidak sesuai lagi dengan nilai pasar yang terjadi; (2) Sulitnya membuat Perda Baru tentang PAD karena dikhawatirkan terjadi tumpang tindih dengan pajak-pajak propinsi dan pusat yang telah ada dalam menentukan definisi dan ketetapan pajak itu sendiri; (3) Ketidakmampuan SKPD dalam melihat potensi dan efektivitas serta permasalahan sistem dan prosedur PAD; (4) Belum optimalnya penggalian potensi pajak dan retribusi daerah; (5) Belum optimalnya sarana dan prasarana pelayanan yang dapat menunjang peningkatan penerimaan PAD; (6) Masih kurangnya tingkat kesadaran masyarakat dalam memenuhi kewajibannya sebagai wajib pajak; dan (7) Masih kurang optimalnya pemberian sanksi kepada wajib pajak dan retribusi yang tidak melaksanakan kewajibannya untuk melakukan pembayaran. Tujuan umum dari penelitian ini adalah untuk merumuskan strategi peningkatan PAD Kabupaten Muna. Tujuan khusus penelitian adalah: (1) mengukur efektivitas dan efisiensi PAD Kabupaten Muna; (2) mengukur elastisitas PAD terhadap PDRB Kabupaten Muna; (3) mengukur rasio kemandirian daerah; (4) mendeskripsikan strategi untuk peningkatan PAD Kabupaten Muna; (5) mendeskripsikan peran PAD hubungannya dengan ketahanan daerah. Objek penelitian ini adalah PAD Kabupaten Muna. Lokasi penelitian di Kabupaten Muna, khususnya pada Dinas Pendapatan, Pengelola Keuangan dan Aset Daerah (DPPKAD). Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer diperoleh dari 10 responden yang dipilih dengan metode purposive sampling. Sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dari Dinas Pendapatan, Pengelola Keuangan dan Aset Daerah Kabupaten Muna. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah efektivitas, efisiensi, elastisitas, kemandirian daerah, dan pertumbuhan PAD. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa (1) efektivitas PAD Kabupaten Muna selama tahun 2007-2011 berfluktuasi dan cenderung menurun, (2) Efisiensi PAD Kabupaten Muna cenderung mengalami peningkatan dan Elastisitas PAD terhadap PDRB Kabupaten Muna memiliki nilai positif, (3) Rasio kemandirian daerah fluktuasi dan cenderung menurun, (4) Strategi yang digunakan untuk meningkatkan PAD Kabupaten Muna adalah; (i) melakukan perbaikan terhadap sistem informasi manajemen data; (ii) melakukan sosialisasi UU dan Peraturan Daerah kepada masyarakat akan pentingnya pajak/retribusi daerah bagi pelaksanaan pemerintahan dan pembangunan daerah; (iii) peningkatan sarana dan prasaran yang memadai; dan (iv) melakukan peningkatan keahlian SDM apartur yang profesional dan bertanggung jawab, dan (5) Peningkatan PAD akan menjamin kesejahteraan masyarakat dan menciptakan kondisi keamanan yang kondusif yang merupakan tujuan dari ketahanan daerah.

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Actual PAD Muna from year to year fluctuations, and even tends to decrease. The main problems encountered in achieving revenue targets caused by (1) PAD regulations relating to determination of tax rates and local retribution are no longer in line with market value that occurred, (2) The difficulty of making new laws about PAD because they feared overlap with taxes provincial and national taxes that already exist in determining the definition and the assessment itself, (3) SKPD inability to see the potential and effectiveness and PAD system and procedure problems (4) Not potential of potential taxes and local retribution, (5) Not optimal service infrastructure to support the increasing acceptance of PAD, (6) Still lack the level of public awareness in fulfilling its obligations as a taxpayer, and (7) Still less optimal sanctions to compulsory taxes and charges are not carrying out their obligations to make payments. The general objective of this study was to formulate a strategy to increase local original revenue of Muna District. Specific objectives of research are: (1) measure the effectiveness and efficiency of PAD, (2) measure the elasticity of PAD to GDP Muna, (3) measures the ratio of local independence, (4) describe strategies to increase PAD Muna, (5) describe the role of PAD realtion to regional resilience. Object of this study is PAD Muna. Location of research in Muna District, especially at the Department of Revenue, Finance Management and Regional Asset (DPPKAD). The data used are primary data and secondary data. Primary data were obtained from 10 respondents were selected by purposive sampling method. While the secondary data obtained from the Department of Revenue, Finance Management and Regional Asset in Muna District. The analysis used in this study are effectiveness, efficiency, elasticity, local independence, and the growth of PAD. The results of this study revealed that (1) The effectiveness of PAD Muna during 2007-2011 fluctuated and tended to decline, (2) PAD Muna efficiency tends to increase and the elasticity of PAD to GDP Muna has a positive value, (3) The ratio of local independence and fluctuation tends to decrease, (4) Strategies used to increase PAD Muna are: (i) make improvements to data management information system, (ii) to disseminate the Law and Local Regulations to the public on the importance of taxes/ retribution for the implementation of governance and local development, (iii) improvement of facilities and infrastructure are adequate, and (iv) skills upgrading human resources and professional personnel who are responsible, and (5) Increase in PAD will ensure the welfare of the community and create security conditions conducive that is the purpose of the local resilience."

"The research paper "Extinction risk from climate change" published in the journal Nature in January 2004 created front-page headlines around the world. The notion that climate change could drive more than a million species to extinction captured both the popular imagination and the attention of policy-makers, and provoked an unprecedented round of scientific critique.Saving a Million Species reconsiders the central question of that paper: How many species may perish as a result of climate change and associated threats? Leaders from a range of disciplines synthesize the literature, refine the original estimates, and elaborate the conservation and policy implications."

"This book provides insight on the concept of social value and social return on investment (SROI) - or measures to evaluate the social outcomes from interventions, beyond simply jobs and income. It offers a new and holistic perspective on the values generated from environmental stewardship and forest governance, and focuses on the methods, approaches and outcomes for understanding social value and SROI. The book offers new directions in social value and SROI, including cultural and spiritual outcomes, gender equity, and health and well-being, and provides pathways for implementing interventions and measuring social impact. It includes state of the art approaches from diverse and interdisciplinary experts drawn from academia and professional practice, including the voices and perspectives of Indigenous Peoples and local communities involved in programs, with a focus on environmental stewardship. Social value and SROI are increasingly used to assess outcomes from conservation and thisbook broadens the conversation on the impact and business case for these interventions. The book offers practical guidance to readers in pursuing social value and those seeking to measure it."

"This book provides insight on the concept of social value and social return on investment (SROI) - or measures to evaluate the social outcomes from interventions, beyond simply jobs and income. It offers a new and holistic perspective on the values generated from environmental stewardship and forest governance, and focuses on the methods, approaches and outcomes for understanding social value and SROI. The book offers new directions in social value and SROI, including cultural and spiritual outcomes, gender equity, and health and well-being, and provides pathways for implementing interventions and measuring social impact. It includes state of the art approaches from diverse and interdisciplinary experts drawn from academia and professional practice, including the voices and perspectives of Indigenous Peoples and local communities involved in programs, with a focus on environmental stewardship. Social value and SROI are increasingly used to assess outcomes from conservation and thisbook broadens the conversation on the impact and business case for these interventions. The book offers practical guidance to readers in pursuing social value and those seeking to measure it."