Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"This book approaches the environment-immune-disease triad from the standpoint of the disease. Its coverage of immune dysfunction-based chronic diseases and conditions describes environmental risk factors, immune dysfunctions and overall health consequences."

"It is now widely accepted that there are important links between inactivity and chronic lifestyle-related diseases, and that exercise can bring tangible therapeutic benefits to people with chronic disease. Exercise and Chronic Disease: An Evidence-Based Approach offers the most up-to-date survey currently available of the scientific and clinical evidence underlying the effects of exercise in relation to functional outcomes, disease-specific health-related outcomes and quality of life in patients with chronic disease conditions."

"In addition to presenting a full overview of the neuroimmune system, it emphasizes the antibacterial, neuroprotective, and neuroregenerative properties of proline-rich polypeptides. It investigates the mechanism of galarmin?s action during different infectious processes, where it targets such dangerous pathogens as bacillus anthracis, clostridium perfringens, mycobacterium tuberculosis, and methycillin resistant staphylococcus aureus. This research is important from both a theoretical and a clinical point of view, creating new prospects for the modern pharmaceutical industry and neuroendocrine, neuroimmunological sciences."

"This book will discuss several cellular pathways involved in controlling immune response in the context of infectious diseases, their biological consequences and potential "hijack" of these pathways for the benefit of pathogen leading towards pathogen persistence as opposed to clearance."

"Dalam upaya menginduksi kekebalan berspektrum luas yang responsif terhadap subtipe-subtipe HIV-1 yang berbeda, telah diteliti imunisasi vaksin DNA menggunakan vektor plasmid DNA dan virus fowlpox rekombinan dengan memanfaatkan gen-gen HIV-1 yang dirancang dari runutan konsensus turunan subtipe-subtipe HIV-1 di dunia yang mengekspresikan semua protein dari genom HIV-1 dengan peptida berukuran 30 asam amino yang overlapping dan tersusun secara acak (scrambled antigen vaccines, atau SAVINE).Tiga grup hewan coba yang terdiri dari masing-masing tujuh beruk (Macaca nemestrina) diimunisasi dengan regimen vaksin DNA standar dengan veklor plasmid DNA pHIS-64 dan vektor virus fowlpox rekombinan (rFPV) berbasis gen gag dan pol dan HIV-1 subtipe B, regimen vaksin DNA SAVINE dengan vektor pHIS-64 dan vektor rFPV berbasis genom HIV-1 yang diacak, serta vektor plasmid pHIS-64 dan FPV yang tidak mengandung gen sebagai grup kontrol. Respon kebal selular diamati dengan teknik ELiSpot dan pewamaan silokin intraselular, sedangkan respon kebal humoral diamati dengan teknik ELISA. Pada ketujuh hewan coba yang diimunisasi dengan vaksin DNA HIV-1 standar, secara umum hasil penelitian menunjukkan terinduksinya respon kebal selular terhadap protein Gag HIV-1 serta respon kebal humoral yang ditunjukkan dengan terdeteksinya antibodi terhadap protein p24 HIV-1. Respon kebal selular silang terhadap protein Gag HIV-1 dari subtipe yang berbeda juga ditunjukkan pada grup yang sama. Namun upaya melakukan imunisasi boosting ke-dua dengan vektor rFPV tidak menunjukkan perbaikan induksi respon kebal. Berbeda dari grup hewan coba yang menerima regimen vaksin DNA HIV-1 standar, pada grup yang menerima regimen vaksin DNA HIV-1 SAVINE secara umum tidak menunjukkan adanya induksi respon kebal, kecuali pada satu ekor hewan yang menunjukkan respon kebal selular yang lebih luas terhadap protein Pol dan protein-protein lain HIV-1 meski pada tingkat induksi yang amat rendah. Pengembangan teknologi vaksin SAVINE terus diperbaiki dan disempumakan dengan kemungkinan melibatkan vektor virus aktif yang lain sehingga induksi respon kebal yang diharapkan bisa tercapai.

---

T cell immunity plays a critical role in controlling HIV-1 viremia, and encoding a limited set of HIV-1 genes within DNA and poxvirus vectors can, when used sequentially, induce high levels of T cell immunity in primates. However, a limited breadth of T cell immunity exposes the host to potential infection with either genetically diverse HIV-1 strains or T cell escape variants of HIV-1. In an attempt to induce maximally broad immunity, we examined DNA (prime) and recombinant Fowlpox virus (rFPV, boost) vaccines encoding all HIV-1 genes derived from a global HIV-1 consensus sequence, but expressed as multiple overlapping scrambled 30 amino acid segments (scrambled antigen vaccines, or SAVINEs).Three groups of 7 pigtail macaques (Macaca nemestrina) were immunized with sets of DNA and rFPV expressing Gag/Pol antigens only, the whole genome SAVINE antigens, or no HIV-1 antigens. T cell immunity was monitored by ELISpot and intracellular cytokine staining, while the humoral immune response was monitored by p24 antibody capture ELISA. High levels of cross-subtype HIV-specific T cell immunity to Gag were consistently induced in the 7 macaques primed with DNA and rFPV vaccines expressing Gag/Poi as intact proteins. The humoral immunity was also induced in the animals from the same group. It was however, difficult to repeatedly boost immunity with further rFPV immunizations, presumably reflecting high levels of anti-FPV immunity. Unfortunately, this vaccine study did not consistently achieve a broadened level of T cell immunity to multiple HIV genes utilizing the novel whole-virus SAVINE approach, with only one of 7 immunized animals generating broad T cell immunity to multiple HIV-1 proteins. Further refinements are planned with alternate vector strategies to evaluate the potential of the SAVINE technology."

"Dalam upaya menginduksi kekebalan berspektrum luas yang responsif terhadap subtipe-subtipe HIV-1 yang berbeda, telah diteliti imunisasi vaksin DNA menggunakan vektor plasmid DNA dan virus fowlpox rekombinan dengan memanfaatkan gen-gen HIV-1 yang dirancang dari runutan konsensus turunan subtipe-subtipe HIV-1 di dunia yang mengekspresikan semua protein dari genom HIV-1 dengan peptida berukuran 30 asam amino yang overlapping dan tersusun secara acak (scrambled antigen vaccines, atau SAVINE).Tiga grup hewan coba yang terdiri dari masing-masing tujuh beruk (Macaca nemestrina) diimunisasi dengan regimen vaksin DNA standar dengan veklor plasmid DNA pHIS-64 dan vektor virus fowlpox rekombinan (rFPV) berbasis gen gag dan pol dan HIV-1 subtipe B, regimen vaksin DNA SAVINE dengan vektor pHIS-64 dan vektor rFPV berbasis genom HIV-1 yang diacak, serta vektor plasmid pHIS-64 dan FPV yang tidak mengandung gen sebagai grup kontrol. Respon kebal selular diamati dengan teknik ELiSpot dan pewamaan silokin intraselular, sedangkan respon kebal humoral diamati dengan teknik ELISA. Pada ketujuh hewan coba yang diimunisasi dengan vaksin DNA HIV-1 standar, secara umum hasil penelitian menunjukkan terinduksinya respon kebal selular terhadap protein Gag HIV-1 serta respon kebal humoral yang ditunjukkan dengan terdeteksinya antibodi terhadap protein p24 HIV-1. Respon kebal selular silang terhadap protein Gag HIV-1 dari subtipe yang berbeda juga ditunjukkan pada grup yang sama. Namun upaya melakukan imunisasi boosting ke-dua dengan vektor rFPV tidak menunjukkan perbaikan induksi respon kebal. Berbeda dari grup hewan coba yang menerima regimen vaksin DNA HIV-1 standar, pada grup yang menerima regimen vaksin DNA HIV-1 SAVINE secara umum tidak menunjukkan adanya induksi respon kebal, kecuali pada satu ekor hewan yang menunjukkan respon kebal selular yang lebih luas terhadap protein Pol dan protein-protein lain HIV-1 meski pada tingkat induksi yang amat rendah. Pengembangan teknologi vaksin SAVINE terus diperbaiki dan disempumakan dengan kemungkinan melibatkan vektor virus aktif yang lain sehingga induksi respon kebal yang diharapkan bisa tercapai.Specific Immune Responses to the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 (HIV-1) Proteins In Pigtail Macaque (Macaca nemestrina) Immunized with Whole Gene and Whole Virus Scrambled Antigen Vaccines

T cell immunity plays a critical role in controlling HIV-1 viremia, and encoding a limited set of HIV-1 genes within DNA and poxvirus vectors can, when used sequentially, induce high levels of T cell immunity in primates. However, a limited breadth of T cell immunity exposes the host to potential infection with either genetically diverse HIV-1 strains or T cell escape variants of HIV-1. In an attempt to induce maximally broad immunity, we examined DNA (prime) and recombinant Fowlpox virus (rFPV, boost) vaccines encoding all HIV-1 genes derived from a global HIV-1 consensus sequence, but expressed as multiple overlapping scrambled 30 amino acid segments (scrambled antigen vaccines, or SAVINEs).

Three groups of 7 pigtail macaques (Macaca nemestrina) were immunized with sets of DNA and rFPV expressing Gag/Pol antigens only, the whole genome SAVINE antigens, or no HIV-1 antigens. T cell immunity was monitored by ELISpot and intracellular cytokine staining, while the humoral immune response was monitored by p24 antibody capture ELISA. High levels of cross-subtype HIV-specific T cell immunity to Gag were consistently induced in the 7 macaques primed with DNA and rFPV vaccines expressing Gag/Poi as intact proteins. The humoral immunity was also induced in the animals from the same group. It was however, difficult to repeatedly boost immunity with further rFPV immunizations, presumably reflecting high levels of anti-FPV immunity. Unfortunately, this vaccine study did not consistently achieve a broadened level of T cell immunity to multiple HIV genes utilizing the novel whole-virus SAVINE approach, with only one of 7 immunized animals generating broad T cell immunity to multiple HIV-1 proteins. Further refinements are planned with alternate vector strategies to evaluate the potential of the SAVINE technology."

"ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: rasio mahkota-akar gigi adalah merupakan kondisi gigi yang penting dalam penentuan prognosis dan rencana perawatan kedokteran gigi. Belum ada data mengenai nilai ini pada populasi di Indonesia. Tujuan: mengetahui nilai rerata rasio mahkota-akar gigi insisif, premolar, dan molar permanen pada pasien laki-laki dan perempuan di RSKGM FKG UI rentang usia 15-25 tahun. Metode: panjang akar dan tinggi mahkota diukur menggunakan modifikasi metode Lind pada 196 radiograf panoramik digital. Uji realibilitas menggunakan uji technical error of measurement. Uji hipotesis menggunakan uji t tidak berpasangan dan uji Mann-Whitney U. Hasil: nilai rerata mahkota-akar gigi terbesar pada kedua jenis kelamin dijumpai pada premolar dua rahang bawah laki-laki 1:2,12, perempuan 1:2,10 dan yang terkecil pada gigi molar satu rahang atas laki-laki 1:1,50, perempuan 1:1,44 . Rasio gigi rahang bawah lebih besar dibandingkan gigi rahang atas. Tidak ditemukan perbedaan rasio bermakna antara laki-laki dan perempuan p.

---

ABSTRACTBackground tooth crown root ratio is one of the most important condition in determining prognosis and treatment planning in dentistry. There are no data of this value in Indonesia. Purpose to obtain the average crown root ratio value on insisive, premolar, and molar permanent teeth of male and female aged 15 25 in RSKGM FKG UI. Method root length and crown height of teeth were measured by modified Lind method on 196 digital panoramic radiographs. Reliability test was assessed by technical error of measurement test. Independent t test and Mann Whitney U test was applied to test the hipotesis. Results the highest mean crown root ratio in both arches and sex was found in mandibular second premolar male 1 2,12, female 1 2,10 and the lowest in maxillary first molar male 1 1,50, female 1 1,44 . Ratio is higher in mandibule than in maxilla. There are no significant different in ratio between male and female p"

"Latar Belakang: Pengaruh sering kontak dengan white spirit di lingkungan kerja menjadi salah satu hal yang dicurigai sebagai pencetus penurunan atensi/konsentrasi/ingatan para mekanik sehingga terjadinya kecelakaan. Dari toxicological profilenya zat tersebut memiliki efek terhadap susunan saraf pusat yang kronis salah satunya adalah gangguan memori jangka pendek.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang. Subjek penelitian para mekanik kontraktor pertambangan batubara PT.A di Kalimantan Selatan, berjumlah 80 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, pemeriksaan fisik, pemberian kuesioner serta pemeriksaan fungsi memori dengan RAVL dan ROCF test.Hasil: Dari 80 sampel 57 (71,3%) mengalami gangguan memori jangka pendek. Tingkat pajanan ≥2,64 memiliki risiko 3,1 kali terjadi gangguan memori jangka pendek dibanding tingkat pajanan <2,64 (nilai p=0,048; OR=3,109; CI=1,012-9,551). Secara statistik faktor risiko yang bermakna adalah status gizi (nilai p=0,026; OR=0,276; CI=0,089-0,858) dan usia (nilai p=0,045; OR=0,310; CI=0,099-0,972)Kesimpulan: Prevalensi gangguan memori jangka pendek para mekanik kontaktor PT.A sebesar 71,3%. Tingkat pajanan ≥2,64 memiliki risiko gangguan memori jangka pendek 3,1 kali lebih besar dari tingkat pajanan <2,64. Secara statisitik status gizi dan usia bermakna dalam risiko gangguan memori jangka pendek.Kata kunci: gangguan memori jangka pendek, white spirit, tingkat pajanan.

---

Background: The effect of white spirit chemicals suspected as the cause of

attention/concentration/memories decreasses of mechanics. It can occurs the accidents. Having known of the toxicological profile that these chemicals have chronical effects on the central nervous system. Then one of the disorders examined is something related to the function of the central nervous system is impaired of short-term memory. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design. The subjects are PT.A coal contractor mechanics in South Borneo, totaling 80 people. Data collected through interviews, physical examinations, questionnaires and examination administration with memory function RAVL and ROCF test.

Results: There are 80 samples of 57 (71.3%) experiencing short-term memory impairment. The white spirit exposure level ≥2,64 has risk 3,1 times bigger than white spirit exposure level <2,64 become a short term memory loss (p value=0,048; OR=3,109; CI=1,012-9,551). Statistically the factors that has a significant association are nutritional status (p value=0,026; OR=0,276;

CI=0,089-0,858) and age (p value=0,045; OR=0,310; CI=0,099-0,972)

Conclusion: 57 (71.3%) from 80 people experiencing short-term memory impairment. White spirit exposure level ≥2,64 has risk 3,1 times bigger than white exposure level <2,64 become a short term memory loss There are statistics relations between age dan nutritional status with short term memory loss."

"This book is a significant new resource for anyone interested in conditions such as multiple sclerosis(MS), myasthenia gravis, and neurological infections. It is a practical and balanced guide to the diagnosis and treatment of neuroimmunological disease. A primer of neuroimmunological disease distinguishes itself by providing a range of features not generally included in texts on neuroimmunology. These include broad presentation of information in the form of figures and tables, strong cohesion among topics by focusing on a few prototypic neuroimmunological diseases, which serve as a foundation from which to explore other neuroimmunological diseases, a single author perspective, with references across chapters, and a focus on the overlap between neuroimmunological and neuroinfectious diseases. "

"Analisis antara kesejahteraan dengan kesehatan pada negara berkembang menjadi fokus dalam berbagai kebijakan. Kesehatan penduduk yang buruk akibat penyakit kronis dapat menjadi bahaya dan ancaman bagi kestabilan perekonomian suatu negara. Salah satu penyakit kronis penyebab morbiditas dan mortalitas terbesar di dunia adalah hipertensi. Beban atau cost akibat hipertensi tidak hanya merugikan bagi penderita saja namun juga art lainnya yang turut menanggung biaya pengobatan bagi si penderita. Sehingga tujuan penelitian ini adalah melakukan estimasi kerentanan (forward looking) sebagai dampak hipertensi dengan mengunakan metode kerentanan vulnerability expected to poverty (VEP). Studi ini menggunakan data IFLS wave 4 dan 5. Penghitungan VEP diselesaikan dengan menggunakan metode estimasi Feasible Generalized Least Square (FGLS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rumah tangga yang terkena hipertensi cenderung memiliki expected consumption yang lebih rendah dibandingkan rumah tangga yang tidak hipertensi dan signifikan memengaruhi peningkatan peluang terjadinya kerentanan rumah tangga.

---

Analysis among the well beings and the health on the developed countries have become as the main focus on th evarious policies. The poor of the health population due to the chronic diseases appear as the hazard and the threat to the countries stability economy. One of the chronic diseases cause the largest morbidity and mortality in the world namely as hypertension. The burden or the cost happened after hypertension is not only affected to the victims and the others received the impact, as example is to pay the health treatment for the sufferer. Thus the purpose of this study is to estimate vulnerability as the result of hypertension with using the methods of the vulnerability expected to poverty (VEP). This study utilize the data from IFLS waves 4 and 5. The VEP calculation is completed by adding the method of three-step feasible generalized least squares (FGLS). The results have shown that the households in which retrieve the impact of the hypertensions tend to have a lower of expected consumption compared to the other households that have not hypertensions and it is significantly increasing the opportunities for household vulnerability influence."