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"The volume explores the response of democratic nation-states to the problems of terrorism and counter-terrorism within the framework of the rule of law. One of the primary subjects of study is the ways in which the interests of the state (security from external threats, the maintenance of civil peace, and the promotion of the commonwealth) are balanced or not with the liberty and freedom of the citizens of the state. The distinctive aspect of this focus is that it brings a historical, political, philosophical and comparative approach to the contemporary shape and purposes of the criminal justice systems around the world."

"Serangan terrorisme yang terjadi pada tanggal 11 September 2001 secara fundamental mengubah pemahaman Amerika Serikat (AS) dan dunia mengenai bahaya yang ditimbulkan oleh terorisme. Pemahaman baru ini direalisasikan dalam berbagai kebijakan keamanan yang lebih ketat berupa, misalnya, peningkatan metode-metode pengumpulan informasi dan penggunaan instrumen intelijen untuk mencegah terjadinya tragedi terorisme di masa yang akan datang.Kebijakan kontra-terorisme dan legislasi anti-terorism baru di berbagai belahan dunia mengundang keprihatinan. Meskipun tindakan-tindakan kontra-terorisme didukung oleh Resolusi Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa (PBB) 1333/2000 dan 1373/2000, kontra-terorisme seharusnya tidak mengancam pemenuhan hak-hak asasi manusia. Dalam Piagam PBB dicantumkan tekad PBB untuk menjaga pemenuhan hak-hak asasi manusia: "...to reaffirm faith in fimrtdamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person, in the equal rights of men and women and of nations large and small." Keamanan kolektif sejatinya tercipta tidak dengan mengorbankan hak-hak dasar individu.Undang-Undang (UU) Anti-Terorisme Indonesia, disahkan oleh Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (DPR) dengan syarat bahwa amandemen terhadap UU tersebut diajukan dalam jangka waktu satu bulan sejak tanggal pengesahan, mengundang kontroversi yang luas. UU Anti-Terorisme tersebut seharusnya memiliki fungsi sebagai komponen pendukung prinsip penegakan hukum dan memberikan dasar hukum yang adil, serta secara efektif mencegah terjadinya aksi terorisme.Tesis ini menguraikan tantangan-tantangan bagi hak-hak asasi manusia yang muncul akibat 'perang melawan teror' yang dikumandangkan sejak terjadinya serangan terorisme pada 11 September 2001 di AS dan peristiwa pengeboman 12 Oktober 2002 di Bali. Dengan UU Anti-Terorisme Indonesia sebagai fokusnya, tesis ini menganalisis bagaimana kontra-terorisme internasional berpengaruh besar terhadap pasal-pasal dalam UU Anti-Terorisme Indonesia, bagaimana hak-hak asasi harus berkompetisi dengan kontra-terorisme internasional untuk menjadi prioritas utama dalam pertimbangan pengambilan kebijakan, dan konstituen-konstituen apa saja yang hadir dalam pembuatan UU Anti-Terorisme Indonesia.

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The attacks of 11 September 2001 fundamentally changed the understanding of the United States (US) and the world of the threat posed by terrorism. With this new comprehension has come the realization that significantly improved collection and use of intelligence will be required to prevent catastrophic terrorist attacks in the future.

Growing concerns over terrorism induce stricter counter-terrorism policies and anti-terrorism legislations in parts of the world. Albeit backed up by United Nations (UN) Resolutions 1333/2000 and 1373/2000, counter-terrorism should not degrade the fulfillment of basic human rights at all. UN has even stated their determination "to reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person, in the equal rights of men and women and of nations large and small" in its charter. Collective security cannot be formed on the cost of individual rights.

The Indonesian Anti-Terrorism Law passed by the Parliament with one condition that the Government would put forward amendment within a month, generated controversy broadly. The Law should have been serving as an important building block in strengthening the rule of law and a fair legal basis, effectively prevented acts of terrorism.

The thesis would take into account the particular challenges raised for human rights by the 'war on terror' declared in the wake of the events of 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks in US and 12 October 2002 bombing blasts in Bali. Taking focus on Indonesian Anti-Terrorism Law, it would analyze on impact of the global wave of combating terrorism to Indonesian Anti-Terrorism Law, how human rights and combating terrorism are contending to claim top priority, and what constituents were present in the making of the Indonesian Anti Terrorism Law."

""This collection of essays draws together innovative scholars to examine the relationship between two legal and political phenomena: the shrinking of the state as a monopoly of power in favour of the expansion of power over individuals in private hands, and the change in the nature of rights. The authors expertly discuss the implications of the changing boundaries of state power, the legal responses to this development, its application to human rights, and re-conceptualizations of public life as obligations are handed over to private hands. This innovative book deals with an important set of problems and offers a fresh perspective of different legal themes in an integrated fashion"--"

"Isu terorisme di Asia Tenggara sejatinya sudah ada jauh sebelum peristiwa 9/11, akan tetapi sejak peristiwa 9/11 dan Bom Bali, isu terorisme baru dianggap sebagai isu serius oleh ASEAN. Penanganan kontra-terorismenya sendiri tidak bisa hanya berada di level domestik, perlu penanganan di level regional, mengingat ancaman terorisme yang merupakan ancaman transnasional. Akan tetapi, masing-masing negara ASEAN memiliki pola dan gerak ancaman terorisme yang berbeda-beda. Perbedaan inilah yang kemudian menghasilkan penanganan yang berbeda di level domestik. Peran ASEAN sebagai institusi regional sangat diperlukan untuk menghasilkan kebijakan kerjasama kontra-terorisme di level regional, namun dalam prakteknya ASEAN menemukan kendala dalam menyusun kebijakan kontraterorisme di level regional. Oleh sebab itu tulisan ini berusaha meneliti bagaimana peran ASEAN dalam upaya menyusun kebijakan kontraterorisme regional di Asia Tenggara pasca 9/11. Tinjauan literatur ini menggunakan metode taksonomi dengan meninjau 21 literatur akademik terakreditasi yang dikategorikan ke dalam tiga tema utama yaitu: 1) problematika terorisme di ASEAN; 2) upaya ASEAN dalam menangani isu terorisme di kawasan; dan 3) kendala kerjasama ASEAN dalam penanganan terorisme di kawasan. Penulis kemudian menemukan bahwa ASEAN menerapkan konsep comprehensive security untuk menjaga stabilitas keamanan regional dari serangan terorisme. Konsep ini memungkinkan masing-masing anggota ASEAN untuk meningkatkan stabilitas keamanan nasionalnya masing-masing, agar harapannya jika keamanan nasional terbentuk dapat mendorong terbentuknya stabilitas keamanan regional tanpa harus melanggar prinsip ASEAN Way.

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The issue of terrorism in Southeast Asia existed long before 9/11, but since 9/11 and the Bali Bombings, the issue of terrorism has only been considered a serious issue by ASEAN. Handling counterterrorism cannot only be at the domestic level, and it needs to be handled at the regional level, considering the threat of terrorism, which is a transnational threat. However, each ASEAN country has different patterns and movements of terrorism threats. This difference affect the results in different handling at the domestic level. The role of ASEAN as a regional institution is needed to produce counterterrorism cooperation policies at the regional level, but in practice, ASEAN finds obstacles in formulating counterterrorism policies at the regional level. Therefore, this paper seeks to examine the role of ASEAN in efforts to formulate regional counterterrorism policies in Southeast Asia after 9/11. This literature review employs a taxonomic aproach by reviewing 21 pieces of authorized academic literature that are classified into three categories: 1) the problem of terrorism in ASEAN; 2) ASEAN's efforts in dealing with terrorism issues in the region, and 3) obstacles to ASEAN cooperation in dealing with terrorism in the region. The author then finds that ASEAN applies the concept of comprehensive security to maintain regional security stability from terrorist attacks. This concept allows each ASEAN member to improve the stability of their respective national security and the expectation if national security is formed, it can encourage the establishment of regional security stability without violating the principles of the ASEAN Way."

"The increasing threat of terrorism brings a challange to the regional security, including for the Europe. The emergence of jihadist terrorist groups such as Al-Qaeda and IS (Islamic States) has successfully brought a new phenomenon of lone-wolf actors come into surface, through the use of internet as their platform to deliver the propaganda in purpose of creating people turned to be radical and committing terrorist offences in their country. The European Union is not only facing the threat coming from lone-wolf actors' issue, but also from the phenomenon of foreign terrorist fighters (FTFs) which is heavily influenced by the fragility of the European Union's surrounding states. Seeing the menace posed by terrorism, the European Union comes with its counter-terrorism policies which lies on four main pillars, such as: prevent, protect, pursue, and respond. The European Union also brin their Added-values strategy in order to support the implementation of its counter-terrorism policies, it is covering the European Union's effort to "strengthen the national capabilities, facilitate European cooperation, develop collective capability, and promote international partnership". This paper aims to analyze the way EU strategically manage its counter-terrorism policy in responding the growing threat of terrorism. The analysis also supported by liberal institutionalism theory in explaining the behavior of the European Union which tends to develop the cooperation ties in internal and external areas within their policies implementation."

"ABSTRAKHak kebebasan beragama merupakan hak asasi manusia yang tidak boleh dibatasi dalam keadaan apapun. Hak kebebasan beragama tidak hanya mencakup kebebasan setiap manusia untuk memilih keyakinan yang menurutnya benar, namun juga termasuk hak bagi tiap-tiap manusia untuk mengekspresikan keyakinannya dan juga hak untuk menjalankan segala ajaran agama atau kepercayaan yang diyakininya. Indonesia melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 1/PNPS Tahun 1965 hanya mengakui enam agama yaitu Islam, Kristen, Protestan, Hindu, Budha, dan Khonghucu. Pengakuan negara terhadap agama tertentu memang dibolehkan dan tidak melanggar hak asasi manusia. Sayangnya pengakuan negara terhadap enam agama tersebut menimbulkan dampak terlanggarnya beberapa hak asasi manusia, khususnya para penganut aliran kepercayaan dan agama-agama selain agama resmi yang diakui negara. Dampak yang timbul dari pengakuan negara terhadap agama-agama tertentu tersebut adalah pembubaran aliran-aliran yang dianggap sesat, pencantuman agama di dalam KTP yang kemudian menjadi pintu masuk pembatasan hak-hak para penganut aliran kepercayaan dan agama yang tidak diakui negara, pendirian rumah ibadat, dan pendidikan agama di sekolah.

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ABSTRACTThe right to freedom of religion is a human right that should not be restricted in any circumstances. Right to freedom of religion not only includes the freedom of every human being to choose beliefs which he said is true, but it also includes a right for every human being to express his convictions and also right to perform any religious doctrine or belief that he believes. Indonesia through Law No. 1/PNPS of 1965 only recognizes six religions: Islam, Christianity, Protestantism, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Confucianism. State recognition of a particular religion is permissible and does not violate human rights. Unfortunately the state recognition of the six religious impact some human rights violations, especially the adherents of religions, beliefs and religions other than official religions recognized by the state. Impacts arising from the state recognition of certain religions is the dissolution of streams that are considered heretical, the inclusion of religion on identity cards which later became the entrance to the restrictions of the rights of followers of religions, beliefs and religions that are not recognized by the state, the establishment of the synagogue, and religious education in schools."