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"This book considers the question: to what extent does it make sense to qualify technical artefacts as moral entities? The authors' contributions trace recent proposals and topics including instrumental and non-instrumental values of artefacts, agency and artefactual agency, values in and around technologies, and the moral significance of technology. The editors' introduction explains that as 'agents' rather than simply passive instruments, technical artefacts may actively influence their users, changing the way they perceive the world, the way they act in the world and the way they interact w"

"This book presents an attempt to understand the nature of technical artefacts and the way they come into being. Its primary focus is the kind of technical artefacts designed and produced by modern engineering. In spite of their pervasive influence on human thinking and doing, and therefore on the modern human condition, a philosophical analysis of technical artefacts and engineering design is lacking. Among the questions addressed are, How do technical artefacts fit into the furniture of the universe? In what sense are they different from objects from the natural world, or from the social world? What kind of activity is engineering design and what does it mean to say that technical artefacts are the embodiment of a design? Does it make sense to consider technical artefacts to be morally good or bad by themselves because of the way they influence human life? "

"Fokus dalam skripsi ini adalah status moral pre-natal human being. Awal mula perdebatan mengenai status moral pre-natal human being dapat ditelusuri melalui perdebatan antara kubu pro-life dan pro-choice. Dari sana, kita dapat melihat bahwa inti argumen dari keduanya adalah permasalahan mengenai kapan kehidupan manusia dimulai. Untuk menentukan ada atau tidaknya status moral dari pre-natal human being, skripsi ini menggunakan beberapa pendekatan etis yang relevan, seperti konsep personhood, hak asasi, dan pembedaan moral standing.

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The Focus of this study is the moral status of pre-natal human being. This problem can be traced through from all debate between pro-life and pro-choice side. From that, we can see that both of them, have filling the argument with the problem about when human ife_s started. To determine whether there is or no moral status of pre-natal human being, this study applies some relevant ethical approachs, like a concept of personhood, basic rights, and distinction of morale standing."

"Roman Britain has given us an enormous number of artefacts. Yet few books available today deal with its whole material culture as represented by these artefacts. This introduction, aimed primarily at students and general readers, begins by explaining the process of identifying objects of any period or material. Themed chapters, written by experts in their particular area of interest, then discuss artefacts from the point of view of their use. The contributors? premise is that every object was designed for a particular purpose, which may have been to satisfy a general need or the specific need of an individual. If the latter, the maker, the owner and the end user may have been one and the same person; if the former, the manufacturer had to provide objects that others would wish to purchase or exchange. Understanding this reveals a fascinating picture of life in Roman Britain"

"Skripsi ini membahas mengenai permasalahan reflektif yang terjadi akibat munculnya spesiesisme yang mempunyai efek berkelanjutan bagi spesies amfibi maupun bagi lingkungan. Amfibi sebagai indikator kesehatan lingkungan telah mengalami keterancaman serius dan kematian prematur di seluruh dunia dengan berbagai penyebab yang kompleks. Hal itu didasarkan pada aspek spesiesisme yang telah mengakibatkan begitu banyak kerugian bagi spesies lain, bahkan bagi manusia sendiri. Selanjutnya, amphibian campaign muncul dalam melakukan gerakan konservasi amfibi yang tetap membutuhkan berbagai pertimbangan moral. Pembenaran etis status moral hewan ini dilandasi oleh pemikiran Peter Singer dalam menjunjung tinggi nilai moral untuk semua being melalui pertimbangan yang adil atas kepentingan, dan subjects-of-a-life Tom Regan dengan anggapan bahwa semua being adalah subjek moral yang mempunyai inherent value sehingga harus menjadi prioritas dasar dalam melakukan pertimbangan etis perilaku manusia terhadap spesies lain. Dimana dari penerapan prinsip-prinsip tersebut dapat menjadi landasan bagi pelestarian lingkungan yang berefek langsung terhadap spesies manusia maupun non-manusia.

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This thesis discusses about reflection problem that caused by speciesism aspect which having a sustained effect for amphibian species as well as for the environment. Amphibians as indicators of environmental health have suffered serious threatened and premature death worldwide with a variety of complex causes. It was based on the aspects speciesism that has caused so much harm to other species, even the humans themself. Furthermore, amphibian campaign appeared in amphibian conservation movement that still requires moral considerations. Philosophical justification of the moral status of animals is based on the thought of Peter Singer in upholding moral values for all being through equal consideration of interest and subjects-of-a-life Tom Regan with the assumption that all being is the subject moral that has inherent value, so that should be a priority basis in conducting ethical human behavior towards other species. And then from the application of these principles can be the foundation for the environmental conservation that effect directly for human and non-human species."