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"Compunding has always been part of pharmacy practice. Today, the need for compounding is growing, with the prevalence of drug shortages, outsourcing of compounding services by hospitals, and patients' needs for individualized preparations. Compounding pharmacies now have the opportunity to obtain accreditation. The Art, Science, and Technology of Pharmaceutical Compounding presents all the information a student needs to understand the purpose and processes of compounding. It includes the essential information on establishing, equipping and operating a compounding pharmacy. It discusses all aspects of good manufacturing practices for compounded medications and it features quality control measures for all aspects of compounding. For practitioners who already compound prescription medications, the book is a ready reference featuring more than 200 sample formulations, including bases, vehicles and ingredient-specific preparations. Each formulation lists the necessary ingredients and gives step-by-step instructions for preparing the product. A new chapter emphasizes the importance of knowing the purity and form of all ingredients to ensure that the proper dose of a compounded product is delivered"

"Handbook of Extemporaneous Preparation is a comprehensive and easy-to-follow guide to good practice in extemporaneous compunding. It incorporates the key findings and outputs from the UK National Advisory Board study, including advice on purchasing unlicensed medicines. It will be adopted as the standard for extemporaneous dispensing for NHS patients. Although the standards set out in this book are primarily written for implementation in NHS hospitals, the priciples should be equally applied across the profession internationally. --Compounding of pharmaceutical formulations remains a core skill of pharmacists and is taught at undergraduate level. Written by experts in the field with input from the UK NHS Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance Committee, this book will be an invaluable reference for any clinical or procurement pharmacist, pharmacy technician or student involved with extemporaneous preparation"

"Handbook of Extemporaneous Preparation is a comprehensive and easy-to-follow guide to good practice in extemporaneous compunding. It incorporates the key findings and outputs from the UK National Advisory Board study, including advice on purchasing unlicensed medicines. It will be adopted as the standard for extemporaneous dispensing for NHS patients. Although the standards set out in this book are primarily written for implementation in NHS hospitals, the priciples should be equally applied across the profession internationally"

"Standar waktu pelayanan resep racik diRumah Sakit Hermina Bekasi belum tercapai. Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui lama waktu pelayanan resep racik pasien anak rawat jalan serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Desain penelitian cross sectional; pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif, Sampel resep racik pasien anak rawat jalan sebanyak 120 resep diambil secara random. Hasil penelitian didapatkan rerata waktu pelayanan resep racik 27 menit 30 detik, dengan rincian rerata waktu pelayanan atau komponen proses 7 menit 20 detik (26,69%) dan komponen delay 73,31% atau rerata waktu pelayanan 20 menit 10 detik. Terbatasnya personil, kemampuan tidak merata serta sarana merupakan faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap lamanya waktu pelayanan resep racik. Saran : evaluasi standar pelayanan resep dan penghitungan ketenagaan serta peningkatan pendidikan dan sarana prasarana.

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Standard time of dispensing of compounding prescription at Hermina Bekasi Hospital has not yet been achieved. This research is to find out a total time used in dispensing of a compounding prescription child-outpatient and the attributed factors.

The research design involved a cross sectional with qualitative and quantitative approaches, a sample size of 120 compounding prescription of child-outpatient taken as random.

The research has shown that the dispensing activity time averaged 27 minutes 30 seconds. The component of the process is 26,69% (the average of process time is 7 minutes 20 seconds). And the 73,31% of total dispensing time was due to delay components (the average of delay time is 20 minutes 10 seconds). The lack of personnel, capability of uneven and also the facility are some of factors attributed the delay components.

Suggestions: evaluation of service standard prescription and calculating workload as well as improved education and infrastructure."

"Standar waktu pelayanan resep racik diRumah Sakit Hermina Bekasi belum tercapai.Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui lama waktu pelayanan resep racik pasien anak rawatjalan serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Desain penelitian cross sectional;pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif, Sampel resep racik pasien anak rawat jalansebanyak 120 resep diambil secara random. Hasil penelitian didapatkan rerata waktupelayanan resep racik 27 menit 30 detik, dengan rincian rerata waktu pelayanan ataukomponen proses 7 menit 20 detik (26,69%) dan komponen delay 73,31% atau reratawaktu pelayanan 20 menit 10 detik. Terbatasnya personil, kemampuan tidak merataserta sarana merupakan faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap lamanya waktu pelayananresep racik. Saran : evaluasi standar pelayanan resep dan penghitungan ketenagaanserta peningkatan pendidikan dan sarana prasarana

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Standard time of dispensing of compounding prescription at Hermina Bekasi Hospital

has not yet been achieved. This research is to find out a total time used in dispensing

of a compounding prescription child-outpatient and the attributed factors. The research

design involved a cross sectional with qualitative and quantitative approaches, a

sample size of 120 compounding prescription of child-outpatient taken as random. The

research has shown that the dispensing activity time averaged 27 minutes 30 seconds.

The component of the process is 26,69% (the average of process time is 7 minutes 20

seconds). And the 73,31% of total dispensing time was due to delay components (the

average of delay time is 20 minutes 10 seconds). The lack of personnel, capability of

uneven and also the facility are some of factors attributed the delay components.

Suggestions: evaluation of service standard prescription and calculating workload as

well as improved education and infrastructure"

"In the history of generative grammar, the question of the semantics of compounds was caught up in what Newmeyer (1986) called the "Linguistic Wars", the conflict between generative semantics and interpretive semantics. An important difference between the two sides was the place they attributed to semantics in the architecture of grammar. In generative semantics, the semantic representation was the starting point for syntactic processing. The syntactic level of Deep Structure had been merged with the underlying semantic representation. In interpretive semantics, the semantic representation was derived from a syntactic representation by means of interpretation rules."

"ABSTRAKKebiasaan dokter di Indonesia masih banyak memberikan obat dalam bentuk racikan. Peracikan obat menjadi perhatian oleh karena banyak munculnya kejadian yang tidak dikehendaki seperti masalah farmasetika dan interaksi obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis masalah farmasetika inkompatibilitas dan interaksi obat pada resep racikan pasien pediatri rawat jalan di RSUD Cibinong pada bulan Januari ndash; Agustus 2016. Metode penelitian ini adalah gabungan penelitian kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Data yang diambil menggunakan total sampling sebanyak 506 lembar resep racikan, 4 informan yang terdiri dari 2 orang dokter spesialis dan 2 orang apoteker. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa resep racikan paling banyak dibuat sediaan puyer 94,9 . Obat yang sering dibuat adalah salbutamol 223 resep . Masalah farmasetika inkompatibilitas sebesar 3,4 17 lembar resep . Masalah interaksi obat sebesar 45,1 228 lembar resep , total interaksi obat sebanyak 329 interaksi obat. Masalah polifarmasi sebanyak 0,4 . Faktor yang mempengaruhi dokter terkait masalah resep racikan, inkompatibilitas, interaksi obat dan polifarmasi terdiri dari persepsi dokter yang menyatakan bahwa masalah yang terjadi karena ketersediaan obat dan kurangnya pengetahuan dokter. Masalah farmasetika dan interaksi obat pada resep racikan dapat dihindari apabila ada informasi dari bagian farmasi mengenai obat yang ada interaksi dan obat yang tidak boleh diracik.

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ABSTRACT Physician habits in Indonesia still provide a lot of medicine in the form of compounding. Compounding the drug is of concern because of the advent of unwanted events such as pharmaceutical problems and drug interactions. This study aims to analyze pharmaceutics problems incompatibility and drug interactions on compounding prescription of pediatric outpatient in RSUD Cibinong period January ndash August 2016. Method of research is quantitative and qualitative research. The data were taken with the total sampling of 506 compounding prescriptions, four informants consisting of two specialists and two pharmacists. Results of the analysis showed that the most compounding prescriptions made are puyer 94.9 . Pharmaceutics problem incompatibility of 3.4 17 recipe sheets . The problem of drug interaction was 45.1 228 prescriptions , total drug interactions of 329 drug interactions. Polypharmacy problem of 0.4 . The driving factors were affecting physicians over the issue of compounding prescription, incompatibilities, drug interactions and polypharmacy due to doctor 39 s perception that problems are the availability of drugs. Pharmaceutical problem and drug interactions in compounding prescriptions can be avoided if there is information from the pharmacy department of drug interactions and drugs that cannot be compounded."

"ABSTRAKRSUPN. Dr. CiptoMangunkusumo Jakarta adalahrumahsakitpemerintah yangmenjadipusatrujukannasionalGedung A merupakansalahsatu unit kerja yang adadiRSUPN. Dr. CiptoMangunkusumo Jakarta, melayanipasienrawatinap.Dalammelaksanakanpelayanankesehatan, obatmenyerapdanalebihkurangsekitar 36milyardalamkurunwaktuhanya 6 bulanyaitubulanJulisampaiDesember2010Pengelolaan perbekalanfarmasimemegangperanan yangpentingdalampelayanandirumahsakitGedung A RSUPN. Dr. CiptoMangunkusumoJakarta sudahmelaksanakansistemdistribusiobatrawatinapdenganunit dose dispensingsystemsejaktahun 2008. Tujuanpenelitianiniuntukmemperolehgambaranpenerapanunitdose dispensing systemdigedungA.Metodepenelitian yangdilakukansecaradeskriptifkualitatifdengan data primer, data sekunder,pengamatandanwawancaramendalamHasilpenelitianmenunjukkanbahwapengelolaanperbekalanfarmasisecarakeseluruhan ,khususnyadalampenerapanunit dose dispensingsystemdapatmenghematbiayaobatrawatinapdandisarankan agar unit dose dispensingsystemdapatditeruskansebagaikebijaksanaanmanajemen RSUPN. Dr.CiptoMangunkusumo Jakarta di unit kerja yang lain. Disarankanjuga agardilakukanpenelitianlanjutanuntukmengetahuidarisisimanajemenrumahsakit

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ABSTRACTBuilding A is one unit that is in RSUPN. Dr. CiptoMangunkusumo Jakarta, servinginpatients. In implementing health services, drug absorbs funds from approximately36 billion within a period of only six months from July to December2010Management of pharmaceuticals play an important role in service at thehospitalBuilding A RSUPN. Dr. CiptoMangunkusumo Jakarta has implementedinpatient drug distribution system with a unit dose dispensing system since 2008.Thepurpose of this study to obtain a picture of the implementation of unit dose dispensingsystem in building A.Research methods to be descriptive qualitative primary data,secondary data, observation and in-depth interviewsThe results showed that theoverall management of pharmaceuticals, particularly in the implementation of unitdose dispensing system can save the cost of inpatient drug and recommended that theunit dose dispensing system can be forwarded as RSUPN management policy. Dr.CiptoMangunkusumo Jakarta in other work units. Also recommended that furtherresearch to find out from the side of the hospital management"