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"[This book studies unemployment and inflation in economic crises, first considering the scenario of a demand shock in Europe. In that case, monetary and fiscal interaction would cause widespread oscillations in European unemployment and European inflation. And what is more, there would be equally far-reaching fluctuations in the European money supply and European government purchases. These monetary and fiscal interactions would have no effects on the American economy. Second, it examines the scenario of a supply shock in Europe, in which monetary and fiscal interactions would have no effects on European unemployment or European inflation, there would also be an explosion of European government purchases and an implosion of the European money supply. Monetary and fiscal interactions would produce uniform oscillations in American unemployment and American inflation. Lastly, also see an implosion of both the American money supply and American government purchases., This book studies unemployment and inflation in economic crises, first considering the scenario of a demand shock in Europe. In that case, monetary and fiscal interaction would cause widespread oscillations in European unemployment and European inflation. And what is more, there would be equally far-reaching fluctuations in the European money supply and European government purchases. These monetary and fiscal interactions would have no effects on the American economy. Second, it examines the scenario of a supply shock in Europe, in which monetary and fiscal interactions would have no effects on European unemployment or European inflation, there would also be an explosion of European government purchases and an implosion of the European money supply. Monetary and fiscal interactions would produce uniform oscillations in American unemployment and American inflation. Lastly, also see an implosion of both the American money supply and American government purchases.]"

"Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak kebijakan fiskal di Indonesia dan perbedaannya dalam 2 periode: Periode I (1993Q1-2018Q4), yang mencakup Krisis Keuangan Asia dan Krisis Keuangan Global, dan Periode II (2019M1-2021M12), yang mencakup Krisis Pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan model Structural Vector Autoregression (SVAR) yang dikembangkan oleh Perotti (2004), yang menggunakan restriksi berdasarkan informasi institutional mengenai sistem penganggaran pemerintah. Hasil analisis menyimpulkan bahwa: 1) perubahan kebijakan fiskal mempengaruhi PDB secara signifikan di kedua periode; 2) pergerakan dinamis dari PDB lebih banyak dipengaruhi oleh kebijakan belanja, dibandingkan kebijakan pendapatan; 3) kebijakan fiskal, khususnya pendapatan, lebih banyak mempengaruhi inflasi di Periode II; 4) kebijakan fiskal memiliki peranan yang sangat kecil dalam mempengaruhi tingkat suku bunga.

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This study aims to know the effects of fiscal policy shock in Indonesia and investigate the differences within two periods: Period I (1993Q1-2018Q4), which include the Asian Financial Crisis and the Global Financial Crisis, and Period II (2019M1-2021M12), which include the COVID-19 Pandemic crisis. This study uses Structural Vector Autoregression (SVAR) model, developed by Perotti (2004), which determine the restrictions based on institutional information of government budget system. This study concludes that: 1) shocks on fiscal policies significantly affect GDP in both periods; 2) the dynamic movement of GDP is more influenced by government spending than government revenue; 3) fiscal policy, especially revenue, has greater influences on inflation in Period II; 4) fiscal policy has minor role in affecting the interest rate."