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"The aim of this paper is to propose a general model to illustrate the joint effect of corrective and preventive maintenance on repairable systems. The intensity of the failure process without maintenance is characterized in bathtub form. The maintenance effect is expressed by the change induced on the failure intensity before and after maintenance. It takes into account the possibility of dependent maintenance times with different effects. The likelihood functions are derived, so parameter estimations and assessment of the maintenance efficiency are possible. The properties of the parameters estimators have to be theoretically studied. Finally, results are applied to a real maintenance data set."

"Gempa Sumatera 30 September 2009 telah merusak ratusan ribu bangunan di Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Gempa tersebut berlokasi di 100 km lepas pantai dari Kota Padang, ibu kota provinsi tersebut. Survei telah dilakukan untuk menilai kerusakan bangunan dalam beberapa hari setelah gempa. Dalam survei ini, kerusakan bangunan dikategorikan menjadi 3 tingkat yaitu berat, sedang, dan ringan. Tulisan ini membahas tingkat kerusakan bangunan dan intensitas getaran di daerah yang terkena. Selanjutnya berdasarkan koordinat dari setiap lokasi, bangunan yang disurvei diplotkan di dalam sebuah peta bersamaan dengan tingkat intensitas. Hubungan antara tingkat kerusakan dan intensitas gempa untuk Sumatera Barat selanjutnyadibuatkan. Hubungan unik kerusakan-intensitas ini merupakan hal yang sangat penting digunakan dalam memprediksi tingkat kerusakan akibat gempa tertentu. Tingkat kerusakan tersebut dibutuhkan oleh pemerintah untuk menyusun rencana anggaran pada tahap tanggap darurat dan rekonstruksi untuk bencana gempa di masa yang akan datang.

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AbstractThe Sumatra 30 September 2009 earthquake has damaged hundred thousand buildings in West Sumatra Province. The earthquake is located in 100 km offshore of Padang City, the Capital City of the province. Survey has been conducted to assess the damage of the building in few days after the earthquake. In this survey, the damage of buildings are categorised into 3 level that are heavily, moderate and slightly damages. This paper explores the level damage of building and then the intensity of the shaking in the affected area. Then based on the coordinate of every building location, the buildings are scattered in a map together with the intensity level. The relationship between the damage level and intensity for West Sumatra then is developed. This special damage-intensity relation is very important to beused for predicting the damage level due to a specified earthquake. The damage level is needed by The Government to develop an emergency and reconstruction budget plan for earthquake disaster in future. "

"ABSTRAK Zaman yang serba modern dan cepat mengubah cara masyarakat dalamberaktivitas tidak terkecuali dalam aktivitas belanja. Perkembangan teknologi internetdan mobile applications yang terdapat pada telepon pintar membuat aktivitas belanjamenjadi mudah dengan metode belanja secara online atau biasa disebut e-commerce.Berbagai kemudahan yang ditawarkan oleh e-commerce membuat pergeseran gayahidup berbelanja semakin terlihat terutama untuk produk fashion. Penelitian inimemiliki tujuan menganalisis pengaruh functionalperformance/usefulness, hedonicperformance/enjoyment, product risk, dan internet usage terhadap online purchaseintensity kelompok early adopters dan late adopters. Sampel yang terlibat di dalampenelitian ini adalah konsumen yang pernah berbelanja secara online minimal satukali dalam 6 (enam) bulan terakhir. Data diolah dengan menggunakan metodestructural equation modelling. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa functionalperformance/usefulness dan internet usage memiliki pengaruh positif yang signifikanterhadap online purchase intensity. Namun, pada hedonic performance/enjoyment danproduct risk tidak terbukti bahwa kedua variabel tersebut memiliki pengaruh positifterhadap online purchase intensity.

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ABSTRACT Modern era and fast paced changing the way of people activity includingshopping activity. Development of internet technology and mobile applicationscontained on the smart phone make the shopping activity becomes easier with onlineshopping methods or so called e-commerce. Various facilities offered by the ecommercemake shopping lifestyle shift increasingly visible mainly for fashionproducts. This research has the purpose to analyze the effect of functionalperformance / usefulness, hedonic performance / enjoyment, product risk, andinternet usage towards online purchase intensity on early adopters and late adopters.Samples were involved in this study is a consumers that have ever shopped online atleast once in 6 (six) months. The data is processed by using structural equationmodelling. This study proves that functional performance/usefulness and internetusage has a significant positive effect on online purchase intensity. However, thehedonic performance/enjoyment and product risk is not evident that these twovariables have a positive effect on online purchase intensity."

"[Telah dilakukan penelitian dalam mengevaluasi pengaruh material homogen dan inhomogen pada teknik IMRT (Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy) menggunakan modalitas Fan Beam CT (FBCT) dan Cone Beam CT (CBCT) terhadap Gamma Index (GI). Perencanaan ulang dilakukan untuk 5 pasien kanker paru kanan pada modalitas FBCT dan CBCT menggunakan TPS Phillips Pinnacle energi foton 6 MV. Menggunakan Teknik IMRT 30 segmen, 50 segmen, dan 70 segmen untuk perencanan terapi. Calculation Grid Resolution (CGR) 0.2 cm dan 0.4 cm digunakan sebagai resolusi dalam perhitungan dosis. Serta kalibrasi bilangan CT (KBC) FBCT, CBCT, dan linear dipergunakan sebagai koreksi CT density number. Pengukuran plannar dose untuk evaluasi Gamma Index (DD 2% / DTA 2 mm, passing rate 90%) dilakukan pada SAD 100 cm dengan material homogen dan inhomogen pada kedalaman 1.5 cm, 5 cm, dan 10 cm. Didapatkan deviasi nilai rata-­‐rata GI antara CGR 0.2 cm dengan 0.4 cm material homogen modalitas FBCT dan CBCT berturut-­‐tutut ≤1.46% dan ≤ 1.13%. Serta deviasi pada material inhomogen sebesar ≤ 2.54% (FBCT) dan ≤ 1.74% (CBCT). Deviasi Nilai rata-­rata GI antara FBCT dengan CBCT dengan CGR 0.2 cm berturut-­turut ≤ 1.95% (homogen) dan ≤ 2.36% (inhomogen). Dan deviasi Nilai rata-­‐rata GI antara material homogen dan material ekuivalen homogen sebesar ≤ 0.80%. Dari hasil penelitian yang didapat, bahwa evaluasi Gamma Index dapat dipengaruhi oleh jumlah segmen, modalitas CT, kalibrasi bilangan CT, Calculation Grid Resolution, dan kedalaman material.

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These Studies have been carried out to evaluate the effect of a homogeneous and inhomogeneous material on IMRT Technique (Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy) using Fan Beam CT (FBCT) and Cone Beam CT (CBCT) for the Gamma Index (GI). The Phillips Pinnacle treatment plan was used to replan 5 patients on right side of lung cancer. Photon 6 MV was applied to this technique with 30 segments, 50 segments, and 70 segments, repectively. Using Calculation Grid Resolution (CGR) 0.2 cm and 0.4 cm for resolution in the calculation of the dose. As well as the calibration of CT numbers (CCN) FBCT, CBCT, and the linear density are used as a correction CT number. The planar measurement for the evaluation of Gamma Index (DD 2% / DTA 2 mm, the passing rate of 90%) carried out at 100 cm SAD with the homogeneous and inhomogeneous material at a depth of 1.5 cm, 5 cm, and 10 cm, respectively. We obtained deviation average value of GI between CGR 0.2 cm and 0.4 cm using the homogeneous material on FBCT and CBCT modality ≤1.46% and ≤ 1:13%, respectively. As well as the material inhomogeneous deviation of ≤ 2.54% (FBCT) and ≤ 1.74% (CBCT). The deviation of the average GI value between FBCT with CBCT with CGR 0.2 cm respectively ≤ 1.95% (homogeneous) and ≤ 2.36% (inhomogeneous). Finally, the deviation of the average GI value between homogeneous and equivalent of homogeneous material is ≤ 0.80%. From the results obtained, that the Gamma Index can be influenced by the number of segments, modalities of CT, calibration of CT numbers, calculation grid resolution and depth of material.

, These

Studies

have

been

carried

out

to

evaluate

the

effect

of

a

homogeneous

and

inhomogeneous

material

on

IMRT

Technique

(Intensity

Modulated

Radiotherapy)

using

Fan

Beam

CT

(FBCT)

and

Cone

Beam

CT

(CBCT)

for

the

Gamma

Index

(GI).

The

Phillips

Pinnacle

treatment

plan

was

used

to

replan

5

patients

on

right

side

of

lung

cancer.

Photon

6

MV

was

applied

to

this

technique

with

30

segments,

50

segments,

and

70

segments,

repectively.

Using

Calculation

Grid

Resolution

(CGR)

0.2

cm

and

0.4

cm

for

resolution

in

the

calculation

of

the

dose.

As

well

as

the

calibration

of

CT

numbers

(CCN)

FBCT,

CBCT,

and

the

linear

density

are

used

as

a

correction

CT

number.

The

planar

measurement

for

the

evaluation

of

Gamma

Index

(DD

2%

/

DTA

2

mm,

the

passing

rate

of

90%)

carried

out

at

100

cm

SAD

with

the

homogeneous

and

inhomogeneous

material

at

a

depth

of

1.5

cm,

5

cm,

and

10

cm,

respectively.

We

obtained

deviation

average

value

of

GI

between

CGR

0.2

cm

and

0.4

cm

using

the

homogeneous

material

on

FBCT

and

CBCT

modality

≤1.46%

and

≤

1:13%,

respectively.

As

well

as

the

material

inhomogeneous

deviation

of

≤

2.54%

(FBCT)

and

≤

1.74%

(CBCT).

The

deviation

of

the

average

GI

value

between

FBCT

with

CBCT

with

CGR

0.2

cm

respectively

≤

1.95%

(homogeneous)

and

≤

2.36%

(inhomogeneous).

Finally,

the

deviation

of

the

average

GI

value

between

homogeneous

and

equivalent

of

homogeneous

material

is

≤

0.80%.

From

the

results

obtained,

that

the

Gamma

Index

can

be

influenced

by

the

number

of

segments,

modalities

of

CT,

calibration

of

CT

numbers,

calculation

grid

resolution

and

depth

of

material.

Key

words

:

Calculation

Grid

Resolution,

Calibration

of

CT

Numbers,

Cone]"

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh intensitas emisi karbon terhadap biaya ekuitas perusahaan dengan tingkat pengungkapan emisi karbon sebagai variabel moderasi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia BEI pada tahun 2011-2015. Metode purposive sampling digunakan dalam menentukan sampel penelitian ini. Sebanyak 16 perusahaan yang telah listing di BEI masuk dalam sampel penelitian. Kontribusi yang diberikan dalam penelitian ini dibandingkan penelitian sebelumnya adalah adanya tambahan sampel penelitian yang lebih besar dan adanya tambahan tingkat pengungkapan emisi karbon sebagai variabel moderasi dalam model penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa intensitas emisi karbon dan tingkat pengungkapan emisi karbon sebagai variabel moderasi tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap biaya ekuitas perusahaan di Indonesia.

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The object of this research is to find out the effect of carbon emision intensity on cost of equity capital with the level of carbon emission disclosures as a moderation variable. Population data in this research are companies that listing on Indonesian Stock Exchange in 2011 2015. Purposive sampling method is used to determine the sample of this research. Sixteen companies that have been listed on Indonesian Stock Exchange are included in this research sample. Contribution of this research compared with previous research are the existence of larger research samples and added the level of carbon emission disclosures as moderation variabel in research model. The results show that carbon emission intensity and the level of carbon emission disclosure as moderation variable have insignificant effect to cost of equity capital in Indonesia."

"Latar belakang: Pola hidup sedenter pada usia produktif berpengaruh terhadap kualitas hidup pada lansia, antara lain dapat menimbulkan penurunan massa dan fungsi otot atau sarkopenia. Salah satu pendekatan untuk menjaga kualitas hidup lansia adalah dengan latihan fisik. Latihan fisik intensitas tinggi dengan interval (high intensity interval training, HIIT) dan latihan fisik intensitas sedang (moderate intensity training, MIT) diketahui dapat menjaga dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup. Meskipun HIIT dinilai bermanfaat, kelayakannya pada individu dewasa tua masih belum banyak diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh HIIT untuk mencegah sarkopenia pada proses penuaan hewan coba. Metode penelitian: Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Hewan Litbangkes Depkes dari September 2016-Maret 2017. Tikus Wistar jantan usia dewasa muda (6 bulan) dan dewasa tua (12 bulan), diberi perlakuan HIIT dan MIT selama 8 minggu. Masing-masing kelompok usia dibagi secara acak menjadi 4 kelompok yaitu: K1 (kontrol, didekapitasi pada hari-1 penelitian sebagai baseline; K2 (kontrol, sedenter); HIIT dan MIT. Pada akhir minggu ke-8 dilakukan pemeriksaan kadar Troponin-T, PGC-1α (ELISA); kadar asam laktat (spektrofotometri); morfologi otot rangka (HE); serta marker apoptosis (Caspase3, imunohistokimia). Hasil: Kadar Troponin T kelompok HIIT dan MIT lebih tinggi dibandingkan K2 baik pada usia dewasa muda dan usia dewasa tua. Kadar PGC-1α lebih tinggi pada kelompok HIIT dan MIT dibandingkan kelompok K2 pada usia dewasa tua. Tidak terdapat perbedaan kadar asam laktat darah pada kelompok HIIT dan MIT usia dewasa muda dan dewasa tua dibandingkan dengan K2. Akan tetapi, kadar asam laktat darah K1-T dan K2T berbeda signifikan, namun tidak melebihi 4,0 mmol/L. Tidak terdapat perbedaan pada jumlah serat otot rangka kelompok HIIT dan MIT tikus dewasa muda dan dewasa tua dibandingkan K2. Pada tikus dewasa muda, luas penampang serat otot rangka lebih rendah bermakna pada kelompok HIIT dan MIT dibandingkan K2-M. Ekspresi Caspase3 pada jaringan otot rangka hanya ditemukan pada kelompok usia dewasa tua, namun tidak terdapat perbedaan antara kelompok HIIT dan MIT dengan K2. Kesimpulan: HIIT dan MIT selama 8 minggu pada tikus dewasa tua dapat mempertahankan kadar Troponin T dan PGC-1α yang penting untuk kontraksi otot rangka. Penerapan kedua latihan ini pada usia dewasa tua tidak meningkatkan kadar laktat darah yang melebihi ambang normal serta tidak menyebabkan kerusakan dan apoptosis pada otot rangka. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa HIIT dan MIT keduanya dapat diterapkan pada usia dewasa tua dan bermanfaat dalam mencegah sarkopenia.

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Background: SSedentary lifestyle duringproductive age will influences the quality of life in the elderly, . among others, cIt can cause a decrease in function and muscle mass or which known as sarcopenia. One approach to maintaining the quality of life of thein elderly is physical exercise. High intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate intensity training (MIT) are known to be able to maintain and improve quality of life. Although HIIT is considered beneficial, its feasibility in older adult individuals is still not widely known. This study aims to determine investigate the effect of HIIT to in preventing sarcopenia in the aging process of experimental animals. Methods: This study was conducted at Animal Laboratory of Ministry of Health RI from September 2016-March 2017. Male of young adults (6 months) and older adults (12 months) Wistar rats, treated with HIIT and MIT for 8 weeks. Each age group was divided randomly into 4 groups, namely: K1 (control, decapitated on study day-1 as baseline); K2 (control, sedenter); HIIT and MIT. At the end of the 8th weeks, we examined Troponin T levels were examined, PGC-1α (ELISA); lactic acid levels (spectrophotometry); skeletal muscle morphology (HE); as well asand Caspase-3 as markers of apoptosis (Caspase-3, immunohistochemistry). Results: Troponin-T levels of HIIT and MIT groups were higher than K2 in both in young adult and old adult rats. PGC-1α levels were higher in the HIIT and MIT groups than in thecompared to K2 group in old adult rats. There were no differences in blood lactic acid levels in the HIIT group and MIT groups in both young and older adults compared to K2. HoweverInterestingly, blood lactic acid levels were significantly difference between K1old adult and K2-old adult rats in older adult rats differ significantly, but do not exceed 4.0 mmol /L. There was no difference in the number of skeletal muscle fibers in the HIIT and MIT groups of young and old adult rats compared to K2all groups. In young adult rats, cross sectional area (CSA) skeletal muscle was significantly lower in HIIT training than K2. Caspase-3 expression in skeletal muscle tissue was only found in the old adult group rats, but there was no difference between HIIT and MIT groups with compared to K2 group. Conclusion: Our study revealed that HIIT and MIT for 8 weeks in old adult rats can maintain levels of Troponin T and PGC-1α which are important for skeletal muscle contraction of skeletal muscles. The application of these two exercises in older adult rats does not increase blood lactate lactic acid levels that exceed the normal threshold and does not cause damage and apoptosis in skeletal muscles. This research Therefore our study shows that both HIIT and MIT can both be applied in older adult rats and are useful beneficial in preventing sarcopenia."

"Penelitian ini memafaatkan kamera pengawas dengan pemodelan Deep Learning untuk memprediksi curah hujan. Model dibangun dengan input video serta data referensi curah hujan dari Tipping Bucket yang dipasang berdekatan dengan lokasi kamera pengawas. Penelitian ini memfokuskan prediksi curah hujan dengan input video sebagai representasi curah hujan dalam satuan waktu, serta metode Rain Streak yang muncul sebagai Rain Streak. Informasi spasial yang dimiliki setiap gambar yang ditangkap kamera pengawas ditangkap oleh arstitektur model vR-TCN dan digunakan fungsi Time Distributed agar informasi spasial yang ditangkap diterapkan terhadap deretan gambar.  Penelitian ini membuktikan input Rain Streak dengan metode grayscale memiliki hasil yang lebih baik, disertai dengan pemilihin Region of Interest yang didasari dengan latar paling hitam. Hasil prediksi model dengan konfigurasi besar Region of Interest 120x180 pada latar paling hitam, menggunakan metode Grayscale serta menggunakan jumlah 5 deretan gambar memiliki hasil terbaik dengan nilai RMSE sebesar 0,1391 dan R2 sebesar 0,8800.

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This research utilizes surveillance cameras and Deep Learning modeling to predict rainfall. The model is built using video input and reference data from nearby Tipping Bucket rain gauges. This research focuses on predicting rainfall using video inputs as a representation of rainfall over a period of time, as well as the Rain Streak method that appears as Rain Streak. The spatial information captured by the surveillance camera in each image is captured by the vR-TCN model architecture, and the Time Distributed function is used to apply the captured spatial information to a sequence of images. This research proves that the Rain Streak method with grayscale produces better results, accompanied by the selection of a Region of Interest based on the darkest background. The predictive model yields the best results with a configuration of a large Region of Interest of 120x180 on the darkest background, using the Grayscale method and a sequence of 5 images, with an RMSE value of 0,1391 and an R2 value of 0,8800."

"The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ant (hypertensive agents with different degrees of renal excretion lisinopril (L) eliminated in the kidney and fosinopril (F), only 50% of which is eliminated through the kidney on renal function in hypertension patients with mild to moderate renal failure.Materials and methods: Patients were divided into two groups. The first group was given F 10 mg/day and the second group was given L 10 mg/day. Groups were divided randomly, and drugs were given for 6 weeks each night at 8.00p.m. The hypertension status of each subject was determined from systolic blood pressureJ140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure -f 90 mg/dl. Subjects were both male and female, with an age range of 18- 65 years old.Results: The results from the creatinine examination of the 10 mgF group was (3.06 ±0.97) mg/dl after drug use, which showed no decrease in renal function. The difference was insignificant (p=0.17). The 10 mgL group the creatinine level was (3.22 ±0.17), where as in the 10 mg L group the creatinine level was (3.22 ± 0.75) mg/dl before the use of the drug and (4.11 ± 2.14) mg/dl after the use of the drug respectively. There was no worsening of the renal function, which did not differ significantly (p=0.11). There was a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the creatinine level of the 10 mg F and 10 mg L groups. The serum creatinine level before and after treatment did show any significant changes at. 6 week. However, the serum creatinine profile over 6 week was more significant in the F group than in the L groups."

"Hubungan antara pengeluaran untuk pemasaran dengan performa keuangan perusahaan masih belum jelas. Salah satu alasannya adalah karena peneliti memakai proksi yang kurang tepat seperti beban penjualan, umum dan administrasi yang mengikutkan beban selain pemasaran dan beban iklan yang belum mencakup semua kegiatan pemasaran. Penelitian ini menganalisis hubungan beban pemasaran dengan proksi Marketing Intensity, perbandingan antara beban pemasaran dengan total aset perusahaan, dengan profitabilitas perusahaan ritel di Indonesia dari tahun 2010 sampai 2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode estimasi GMM dan regresi efek tetap. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa Marketing Intensity mempengaruhi performa keuangan secara positif.

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The relationship between marketing spending and financial performance is unclear. One of the reason is because researchers used proxies such as sales, general and administrative expense which includes expenses other than marketing and advertising expense that does not cover all marketing activities. This study analyzes the relationship between marketing expenditure proxy named Marketing Intensity which is comparison between marketing expenses and company’s total assets, and the profitability of retail companies in Indonesia from 2010 to 2019. This study uses the GMM estimation method and fixed effects regression. The results of this study reveal that Marketing Intensity affects financial performance positively.

"