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"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini membahas unsur satirik dalam sebuah karya sastra. Satire adalah sebuah sarana bagi pengarang maupun pembaca untuk menuangkan kritik dalam sebuah karya sastra dengan bebas. Sebuah satire dalam karya sastra memiliki ciri khas, yaitu tidak menggunakan alur yang berkesinambungan, lebih menonjolkan tokoh, insiden, dan dialog, serta berakhir dengan ldquo;keadaan yang menyedihkan rdquo; atau dengan ambiguitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis struktural dari Tzevatan Todorov. Korpus data penelitian ini adalah cerita pendek berjudul ldquo;Le Sous-Pr fet aux Champs rdquo; karya Alphonse Daudet. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa cerpen ldquo;Le Sous-Pr fet aux Champs rdquo; merupakan cerita satire yang terungkap melalui analisis alur, tokoh, dan peristiwa tertentu, untuk menyindir perilaku pejabat Prancis abad XIX. Kondisi seperti yang tergambar pada tokoh Le Sous-Pr fet memiliki pengaruh pada genre karya sastra pada masa itu. Salah satunya, banyak ditemukan karya sastra bernada satire yang bertujuan untuk menyindir para pejabat pada masa itu.

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ABSTRACTThis research discusses the satirical substance in a literature work. Satire is a medium for the authors or the readers to criticize freely through a literature work. A satire in literature has some characteristics, for example not using sustainable plot, further highlight the characters, incidents, and dialogues, ended with a ldquo sad situation rdquo or ambiguity. This research uses structural analysis of Tzevatan Todorov as a method. The corpus of this research is a short story entitled ldquo Le Sous Pr fet aux Champs rdquo by Alphonse Daudet. The analysis showed that the story ldquo Le Sous Pr fet aux Champs rdquo is a satire, revealed through the analysis of plot, character, and several events, to satirize the behavior of French officials in XIX century. The conditions of figure Le Sous Pr fet have an influence on genre of literature at that time. One of them, there were many literature works have within satire to satirize the officials at that time."

"Kesusastraan Aljazair mulai berkembang setelah perang kemerdekaan Aljazair, sekitar tahun 1970-an. Identitas dan kebebasan adalah dua tema utama yang sering diangkat dalam karya sastra penulis Aljazair. Masalah identitas pada masyarakat Aljazair muncul akibat penjajahan Prancis, salah satunya berupa penggunaan dua bahasa utama negara tersebut, yaitu bahasa Arab dan Prancis. Masalah identitas ini terjadi karena eratnya hubungan antara bahasa Prancis sebagai bahasa kolonial dengan identitas masyarakat Aljazair itu sendiri, yang pada akhirnya berujung pada rekonstruksi identitas masyarakat Aljazair. Artikel ini membahas rekonstruksi identitas yang terjadi pada tokoh utama dalam novel La Disparition de la langue française karya Assia Djebar. Artikel ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode studi pustaka. Analisis makalah ini menggunakan konsep naratif yang dikemukakan oleh Roland Barthes (1966) untuk membedah struktur teks. Lebih lanjut, artikel ini juga menggunakan studi postkolonial Homi Bhabha (1994) dan dibantu oleh konsep memori kolektif oleh Maurice Halbwachs (1992) dan konsep identitas individu Phillip Gleason (1983) untuk menganalisis rekonstruksi identitas yang terjadi pada karakter utama. Artikel ini menghasilkan beberapa temuan. Dua bahasa, Prancis dan Arab, yang digunakan dalam novel mempengaruhi perubahan identitas tokoh utama. Memori juga berperan dalam rekonstruksi identitas karakter utama. Artikel ini menyimpulkan bahwa rekonstruksi identitas, pada akhirnya, meskipun dipengaruhi oleh bahasa dan ingatan, adalah kebebasan seseorang untuk memilih.

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Algerian literature began to develop after the Algerian war of independence, which was around the 1970s. Identity and freedom are the two main themes that are often raised in the literary works of Algerian writers. The problem of identity in the Algerian people arises due to French colonialism, one of which is in the form of the use of the country's two main languages, namely Arabic and French. This identity problem occurs due to the close relationship between French as a colonial language and the identity of the Algerian people themselves, which ultimately results in the reconstruction of the Algerian people's identity. This article discusses the identity reconstruction that occurs in the main character in the novel La Disparition de la langue française by Assia Djebar. This article is qualitative research using a literature review as the method. The analysis of this paper uses the narrative concept brought by Roland Barthes (1966) to dissect the structure of the text. Furthermore, this article also uses the post-colonial study of Homi Bhabha (1994) and assisted by the concept of collective memory by Maurice Halbwachs (1992) and the concept of individual identity of Phillip Gleason (1983) to analyze the reconstruction of identity that occurs in the main character. This article found several main findings. The two languages, French and Arabic, used in the novel affect the changes in the main character's identity. Memory also plays role in the identity reconstruction of the main character. This article concludes that identity reconstruction, at the end of the day, though affected by languages and memories, is one's freedom to choose."

"Artikel ini berusaha mengungkapkan sosok wanita ideal yang ditampilkan melalui tokoh utama wanita dalam cerita pendek L'Inutile Beauté karya Guy de Maupassant. Cerita pendek yang mengisahkan tentang kalangan bangsawan tinggi ini ingin menmperlihatkan bahwa keutamaan seorang wanita dinilai bukan dari sekedar kecantikan paras belaka namun juga ditunjukkan dalam kecantikan sikap dan hati sebagai seorang wanita serta kesadaran akan kedudukan dan haknya di masyarakat. La Comtesse de Mascaret dalam cerita ini memiliki semua unsur yang dituntut sebagai wanita utama tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan struktural dari Roland Barthes.

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This article tries to reveal the image of an ideal woman which is shown by the main woman character of Guy de Maupassant's short story titled L'Inutile Beauté. This short story which tell us about the noblesse in French society aims to show that the beauty of a woman is not only matter of a physical appearance but also the beauty of her attitude, responsibility as a mother and wife, the heart as a true woman, and the awareness of her position and rights in society as well. La Comtesse de Mascaret in this story has all the elements that makes be an ideal woman in her era. This analyze uses the structural approach from Roland Barthes."

"ABSTRAK Pierre de Ronsard adalah seorang tokoh yang mempunyai pengaruh besar dalam kesusastraan Prancisabad XVI. Ronsard merupakan pemimpin La Pléiade, ia sangat produktif dalam menciptakan karya-karya yangmerefleksikan kondisi zamannya sehingga dijuluki Le Prince des Poètes. Salah satu karya Ronsard yang terkenaladalah puisi berbentuk soneta alexandrine berjudul ?? Quand vous serez bien vieille ??. Puisi ini dibuat untukmenyampaikan rasa cinta terpendam kepada seorang gadis yang dipanggil Vous. Penyair sengaja merahasiakan identitas gadis tersebut untuk menjaga kemurnian dan keagungan cinta sesuai konsep abad itu. Melalui analisisaspek bentuk dan bunyi, serta aspek semantik dan pragmatik, tulisan ini akan membahas penggambaran cintapenyair yang diduga sebagai cinta platonik.ABSTRACT Pierre de Ronsard is a major figure had his impact towards French literature in the 16th century.Ronsard is the leader of La Pléiade, he was very productive in creating belles-lettres which reflected the conditionof his time so that he was named Le Prince des Poètes. One of the most popular poetry is his sonnet alexandrine ??Quand vous serez bien vieille ??. This poetry was created to declare his secret love to a girl named vous. The poetdidn?t mention the identity of the girl in order to keep the purity and grandeur of love according to the concept thecentury. Through the analysis of some aspects, such as form and sound, semantics, and pragmatics, this paperdiscusses the portrayal of love which is assumed as a form of platonic love. ;Pierre de Ronsard is a major figure had his impact towards French literature in the 16th century.Ronsard is the leader of La Pléiade, he was very productive in creating belles-lettres which reflected the conditionof his time so that he was named Le Prince des Poètes. One of the most popular poetry is his sonnet alexandrine ??Quand vous serez bien vieille ??. This poetry was created to declare his secret love to a girl named vous. The poetdidn?t mention the identity of the girl in order to keep the purity and grandeur of love according to the concept thecentury. Through the analysis of some aspects, such as form and sound, semantics, and pragmatics, this paperdiscusses the portrayal of love which is assumed as a form of platonic love. ;Pierre de Ronsard is a major figure had his impact towards French literature in the 16th century.Ronsard is the leader of La Pléiade, he was very productive in creating belles-lettres which reflected the conditionof his time so that he was named Le Prince des Poètes. One of the most popular poetry is his sonnet alexandrine ??Quand vous serez bien vieille ??. This poetry was created to declare his secret love to a girl named vous. The poetdidn?t mention the identity of the girl in order to keep the purity and grandeur of love according to the concept thecentury. Through the analysis of some aspects, such as form and sound, semantics, and pragmatics, this paperdiscusses the portrayal of love which is assumed as a form of platonic love. "