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"ABSTRAKIstilah gadai dalam Islam disebut ar-rahn. Definisi ar-rahn yaitu menjadikan benda yang bersifat harta sebagai kepercayaan dari suatu utang yang dapat dibayarkan dart (harta) benda itu bila utang tidak dibayar. Hukum gadai terdapat dalam al-qur'an surat al-Baqarah ayat 282 dan 283, As-sunnah dan ijma' para ulama. Bank BNI Unit Usaha Syariah lahir dengan konsep Dual Banking System yaitu penyediaan dua layanan perbankan secara konvensional dan syaniah sekaligus, telah mengeluarkan salah satu produk jasa yaitu gadai emas Syariah (ar-rahn). Dengan konsep Dual Banking System serta produk jasa ar-rahn yang cenderung baru tersebut tentu akan timbul permasalahan. Dalam tesis ini penulis mengangkat permasalahan mengenai keberadaan bank BNI Unit Usaha Syariah yang harus sesuai dengan hukum Islam, proses pemberian ar-rahn serta upaya penyelesaian pihak bank BNI Unit Syariah Syariah terhadap nasabah yang tidak melunasi pembiayaan pada saat jatuh tempo (wanprestasi), faktor pendukung dan faktor yang menjadi kendala dalam pelaksanaan ar-rahn pada BNI Unit Usaha Syariah. Untuk dapat menjawab permasalahan ini, penulis menggunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan yang bersifat yuridis normatif yang didukung dengan wawancara.Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan di temukan bahwa modal awal yang berupa modal inti pada bank BNI Unit Usaha Syariah berasal dari bank BNI Konvensional. Pengaturan dan pengawasan terhadap bank BNI Unit Usaha Syariah tetap dilakukan oleh Bank Indonesia dan badan khusus yaitu Dewan Syariah Nasional dengan menempatkan Dewan Pengawas Syariah sedangkan terhadap pemberian ar-rahn berdasarkan Pasal 8 Undang-Undang Nomor 10 Tahun 1998. Upaya penyelesaian apabila nasabah wanprestasi melalui penjualan secara lelang baik di hadapan umum maupun di bawah tangan, namun apabila dikemudian hari terjadi perselisihan maka akan diselesaikan secara musyawarah, arbitrase atau pengadilan. Adapun yang menjadi salah satu faktor pendukung dalam pelaksanaan ar-rahn adalah jumlah penduduk yang beragama Islam cukup banyak di Indonesia, kurang lebih hampir 90% dari total penduduk Indonesia dan salah satu faktor yang menjadi kendala adalah sumber daya insani yang kurang ahli, terutama juru taksir yang harus memiliki keahlian khusus.

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ABSTRACT

The mortgage term in Islam is mentioned as ar-rahn. The definition of ar-rahn is making the object that is considered like a wealth as the belief from a debt that could be paid from (the price) the object when the debt was not paid. The mortgage law was received in al-qur'an, al-Baqarah verses 282 and 283, As-sunnah and ijma' the Muslim scholars. BNI Sharia Business Unit was born with the Dual Banking System concept that is the provisions of two banking services conventionally and Islamic canon law (sharia) at the same time, issued one of the service products that is the mortgage of Islamic canon law (sharia) gold (ar-rahn). With the concept of Dual Banking System as well as the service product ar-rahn that is considered new will certainly caused some problem.

In this Thesis the writer promoted the problem about the condition of BNI Sharia Business Unit must to run appropriate with Islamic law, giving ar-rahn as well as efforts of the resolution of the BNI Sharia's Business Unit side against the customer who did not settle funding when it is due (wanprestasi), the supporting factor and the factor that became the hindrance in the implementation of ar-rahn to BNI Sharia Business Unit. To be able to answer this problem, the writer used the method of bibliography research and juridical normative, supported with the interview. According to the research that was carried out, it was found that the initial capital that took the form of core capital to the BNI Sharia Business Unit came from conventional BNI. The regulation and the supervision of BNI Sharia Business Unit continue to be carried out by the Bank of Indonesia and government organization such as the Sharia National Council by placing Sharia Supervisor Council whereas towards giving ar-rahn was based on the Article number 8 commandment number 10, 1998. Resolution efforts if the wanprestasi's customer through the selling in a manner of good auction in the public or under the hands, but if in the later days should there be any dispute then it will be completed in a manner of the conference, arbitration or the court. Another supporting factor is the Muslim population which consists of 90% of the national population. However, good appraiser is hardly found in Indonesia."

"Single Presence Policy is a policy which is surprising not only for businessmen in banking sector but also for general community. The policy called "Pakto" (The Package of October Policy) 2006 reminds us to last "Pakto" policy in 1988 that was 18 years ago where in national banking promoted a concept of liberalization. Jumping to liberalization without proper anticipation and good manner has impacted on the emerge of mushrooming bank without sufficient preparation to banking risk management. Banking liberalization concept has an effect on the policy of merger, consolidation, closing down and bank liquidation. Liquidity Assistance of Bank of Indonesia (BLBI) scenario has no end, but creating a vriminal accusations in banking practices. Single Presence Policy (SPP) bring a new panorama into banking industry. Substances of SPP has potential to create inconsistency to other regulations of business competition, limited corporation, and therefore open to foreign investor for dominating national banking."

"banking liberalization process has begun since retification of General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) Possibly access for foreign investor into Indonesia banking open through such ways as: establishing a new bank, purchasing of bank's share and erecting of bank's branch and representative. According to current regulation foreigners who want to open a new bank should not be in form of bank as formerly regulated, but it can be as individual and as foreign non-bank entity. No more restriction regarding foreign ownership of mayority bank's shareholder. Through Government Regulation No. 29 year of 1999 concerning of purchasing general bank's share and Bank of Indonesia regulation No.2/27/PBI/2000 regarding general bank have arranged that maximum foreign ownership over general bank is 99% of the capital paid by general bank. The foreign ownership of bank is not only open through stock market but also by direct purchasing of share. Foreign domination on national bank is now rampant through such ways as acquisition, merger and or consolidation. The question is what's the relevancy amongst banking consolidation policy, single presence policy and foreign domination on Indonesia national bank?"