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"Penggunaan media sosial dari tahun ke tahun di Indonesia terus mengalami tren yang positif terutama media sosial seperti Twitter, Facebook serta media sosial lainnya. Pergeseran penggunaan media sosial sebagai salah satu strategi public relations terus mengalami peningkatan, tetapi penggunaan media ini umumnya hanya untuk melakukan promosi bukan untuk melakukan penanganan krisis yang dialami suatu perusahaan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) mengetahui sejauhmana pemanfaatan media sosial Facebook sebagai strategi public relations Big Daddy Entertainment dalam manajemen krisis konser Lady Gaga, dan (2) mengetahui sejauhmana pemanfaatan media sosial Twitter sebagai strategi public relations Big Daddy Entertainment dalam manajemen krisis konser Lady Gaga.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan media sosial Facebook secara keseluruhan memiliki peran yang penting dalam komuniksi krisis yaitu sebagai media untuk penyedia dan pendistribusian informasi kepada khalayak luas saat krisis. Bahkan, karena karakteristiknya, penerima informasi bukan hanya terbatas yang ada di wilayah tempat krisis berlangsung, bahkan informasi tersebut dapat tersebar hingga ke seluruh pelosok dunia. Fungsi yang sama juga dimiliki oleh Twitter. Meskipun jenis media sosial ini terbatas hanya pada 140 karakter, namun hal tersebut tidak menjadi penghalang kecepatan penyebaran informasi yang sangat penting pada saat situasi krisis. Salah satu elemen penting dalam manajemen sebuah krisis adalah komunikasi. Keberhasilan sebuah organisasi dalam menangani krisis dengan baik ditentukan juga oleh bagaimana organisasi yang bersangkutan dalam mengemas dan mendistribusikan informasi sepanjang proses penanganan krisis tersebut.

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The use of social media in Indonesia, such as Facebook, Twitter and other platforms, continues to show a positive trend every year with more people include the tool as part of their public relations strategies. However, it is still limited to promotion only without many people understand how it could also be leveraged to assist them in managing a crises. The purposes of this study are (1) to understand the use of Facebook as part of public relations strategies during the crisis management of Lady Gaga concert and also (2) to understand the use of Twitter as part of public relations strategies during the crisis management of Lady Gaga concert.

This study shows that Facebook as a social media tool can play an important role in supporting the communications process during crises management. The platform could effectively disseminate information and reach out to wider external audiences of the organization. With the platform, the organization can even reach out to audience broader audience with no limitation of time and regions. The same function is also offered by Twitter. Although it only limits to 140 characters in one tweet, it does not limit how it can distribute information to wider audience in a second and this contributes significantly to an effective crisis management. Communications is an essential element when managing a crises. The success of an organization in managing a crises effectively is determined by the way the information is being packaged and distributed throughout the entire process.

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"Dunia motor di Indonesia identik dengan kaum laki-laki. Pada umumnya, keterlibatan perempuan di dalam dunia motor atau biasa dikenal dengan istilah Lady Biker mendapat label dari masyarakat sebagai perempuan maskulin yang memiliki sifat kelelakian, keberanian, kekuatan, kegarangan dalam berpakaian dan berpenampilan. Padahal seorang Lady Biker menunjukkan sisi feminin dan masih menjalankan kodratnya selayaknya seorang perempuan, seperti masih mengenakan rias wajah dan melakukan perawatan kecantikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan bagaimana Lady Biker di dalam komunitas MotoLadies Indonesia maupun saat berada di jalan menampilkan identitas mereka melalui atribut keselamatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografi yang mencakup wawancara mendalam dan observasi partisipan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dengan mengenakan atribut keselamatan, membuat identitas gender mereka jadi tersamarkan. Ini berkaitan dengan cara pandang mereka mengenai tubuh dan penampilan berpakaian berdasarkan konsep gender feminin dan maskulin yang sudah tertanam di dalam diri mereka. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa Lady Biker mengenakan helm sebagai “casing” atau tameng untuk menunjang performance mereka di masyarakat. Identitas mereka kemudian tidak terlepas dari tindakan performatif seperti yang dijelaskan Butler (1988), yang terus dilakukan secara berulang pada community stage dan daily stage.

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The world of motorbikes in Indonesia is synonymous with men. In general, the involvement of women in the world of motorbikes or commonly known as Lady Biker is labeled by the community as masculine women who have male characteristics, courage, strength, ferocity in dress and appearance. Even though a Lady Biker shows her feminine side and still carries out her nature like a woman, like still wearing make- up and doing beauty treatments. This study aims to describe how Lady Biker in the Indonesian MotoLadies community as well as on the road displays their identity through safety attributes. This study uses a qualitative method with an ethnographic approach that includes in-depth interviews and participant observation. The results of this study indicate that wearing safety attributes will disguise their gender identity. This has to do with the way they look at their bodies and their appearance in clothes based on the concept of feminine and masculine gender that has been embedded in them. This study found that Lady Biker wore a helmet as a "casing" or shield to support performance theirin society. Their identity is then inseparable from performative actions as explained by Butler (1988), which continues to be repeated on the community stage and the daily stage."

"Lexicalization, a process of language change, has been conceptualized in a variety of ways. Broadly defined as the adoption of words into the lexicon, it has been viewed by some as the reverse process of grammaticalization, by others as a routine process of word formation, and by others as the development of concrete meanings. In this up-to-date survey, Laurel Brinton and Elizabeth Traugott examine the various conceptualizations of lexicalization that have been presented in the literature. In light of contemporary work on grammaticalization, they then propose a new, unified model of lexicalization and grammaticalization. Their approach is illustrated with a variety of case studies from the history of English, including present participles, multi-word verbs, adverbs, and discourse markers, as well as some examples from other Indo-European languages. As a first overview of the various approaches to lexicalization."

"Stamped on t.p.: Distributed in the Western Hemisphere by International Scholarly Book Services, Zion, Ill."