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"Counting bacteria colonies uses Total Plate Count (TPC) method which isgenerally done by seeing, counting, naked eyes and time consuming. The aim of research is to make an image processing algorithm that is able to count the total bacteria colonies on the TPC method which is can be applied without any special equipment, and to provide informations about the best configuration in its application. This research was done by making an image processing algorithm based on gray-scale image segmentation, using MATLAB, and testing its accuracy in counting bacteria colonies. The result showed that the optimal threshold value for black background is between 0.67 and 0.79, and the optimal threshold value for white background was between 0.01 and 0.09. This experiment revealed that low value o f disk shape morphological structuring element could give the optimal detection of bacteria colonies. In conclutions, the total numbers of bacteria colonies which was counted by gray-scale image segmentation which one of image processing algorithm method was not statistically different compared to manual counting. Automation is one side o f technology that can help human doing something with easiness and simplicity. Digital image processing is one kind o f automation. Counting bacteria colonies using Total Plate Count (TPC) commonly done by counting bacteria colonies manually, it was very time consuming. The aim of thisresearch is to make an image processing algorithm that able to count total bacteria colonies on the TPC method which can be applied without require special equipment, and to provide information about best configuration in its application. This research was done by making an image processing algorithm based on color image segmentation using MATLAB, and testing its accuracy in counting bacteria colonies. The results showed that the total numbers of bacteria colonies as the result o f counting by image processing algorithm based on color image segmentation were not different statistically compared to manual counting. A good detection o f bacteria colonies was depends on the configuration o f some parameters, such as color sampling, value o f color tolerance, shape and value o f morphological structuring element."

"ABSTRAK

Getaran merupakan suatu bentuk gerakan pada titik kesetimbangannya. Getaran pada mesin adalah hal yang tidak bisa dihindari. Dimana getaran adalah respon dari eksitasi sumber getaran. Getaran pada mesin diesel memiliki keunikan karena tekanannya yang besar. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengenali karateristik getaran pada mesin diesel turbo 2000 cc penggerak mobil penumpang kecil. Sehingga dapat diketahui apa penyebab getaran dan frekuensinya sehingga dapat dilakukan pengembangan di masa yang akan datang. Kondisi mesin yang telah dibandingkan dengan standar menunjukan bahwa mobil dalam keadaan tidak baik tetapi masih dapat beroperasi. Respon getaran terbesar disebabkan oleh ledakan dalam proses pembakaran di mesin diesel. Dan respon getaran terbesar kedua disebabkan oleh katup valve.

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ABSTRACTVibration is a form of movement at its equilibrium point. Vibration on the engine is something that cannot be avoided. Vibration is the response to the excitation of the vibration source. The vibration on the diesel engine is unique because of the great pressure. This research was conducted to recognize the vibration characteristics of a 2000 cc turbo diesel engine driving small passenger cars. So that it can be known what causes vibration and which frequency so that development can be carried out in the future. The condition of the engine that has been compared to the standard indicates that the car is not in good condition but still can operate. The biggest vibration response is caused by an explosion in the combustion process in a diesel engine. And the second largest vibration response is caused by the valve.

 

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"Pada suatu Industri Manufaktur yang bergerak dalam bidang Pembuatan kantong Plastik. Penulis melihat Faktor penentu keberhasilan dari produksi kantong plastik pada pabrik tersebut adalah pada mesin printing. Dimana kegagalan produk terbesar adalah karena hasil printing pula.Lalu melalui penelitian, informasi dari manajer pabrik serta operator, Diketahui kegagalan produk ini disebabkan oleh bobot plastik yang ringan sehingga mudah bergeser dari Cetakannya. Dan ini menyebabkan diperlukarmya kontrol posisi yang terus-menerus, dimana dipabrik ini dikerjakan oleh seorang operator secara manual pada setiap wama cetakan. Karena sifat produksinya yang kontinu dan berjalan cukup cepat, mata manusia yang tidak terlatih akan sulit melihat adanya pergeseran posisi dari sablonnya, serta adanya faktor human error yang dikarenakan penurunan daya tahan tubuh dan kejenuhan seorang operator, dimana dipabrik ini setiap operator harus mengontrol hampir 8 jam setiap shiilnya ,sehingga fungsi pengontrolan manual ini sudah ticlak tepat lagi digunakan apabila Industri tersebut ingin memgembangkan usahanya dengan menerima pesanan baru.Berdasarkan kondisi-kondisi inilah, penulis merancang suatu kontrol otomatik yang diharapkan dapat memecahkan masalah diatas Serta meningkatkan etisien dan produksi dari pabrik tersebut.Sistim kontrol otomatik ini mengunakan Sensor Photoelectric sebagai kontrol posisi, CPU/komputer untuk mengolah data sorta Motor Stepper sebagai aktuaktomya (penggerak).

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