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Kandungan organik tanah merupakan bahan di tanah yang dihasilkan dari proses dekomposisi tumbuhan, hewan dan mikroba. Persebaran kandungan organik tanah dipengaruhi oleh kondisi geografis. Cara untuk meningkatkan kandungan organik tanah adalah dengan menggunakan pupuk organik.  Wilayah penelitian berada di Kecamatan Semanu dan Ponjong yang terbentuk dari bentukan asal karst dan vulkan yang membuat topografinya kompleks serta banyak ditutupi lahan pertanian padi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis pola spasial kandungan organik tanah dan hubungannya terhadap pertanian padi. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis pola spasial untuk mengetahui persebaran dan faktor yang memengaruhi persebaran. Analisis pola spasial dibantu dengan teknik spasial dekstriptif dan regresi. Kandungan organik tanah di sawah dan ladang berkisar 1,2-6,7% dalam tiap 0.0005 m³. Persebaran kandungan organik tanah di bagian barat lebih tinggi dibandingkan timur hal ini dipengaruhi secara berbanding terbalik oleh ketinggian, lereng, dan NDVI. Produktivitas padi lahan sawah 51,9 kwintal/ha dan produktivitas ladang 35 kwintal/ha. Penggunaan pupuk organik masih sangat rendah hanya 0,67%. Kandungan organik tanah memberikan pengaruh positif terhadap produktivitas pertanian padi dan tidak memengaruhi frekuensi penggunaan pupuk organik. 

 

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Soil Organic Matter (SOM) is a material in the soil resulting from the process of decomposition of plants, animals, and microbes. Geographical conditions influence the distribution of SOM. The way to increase SOM is to use organic manures. The research area is located in Semanu and Ponjong sub-districts, which are based on landform of karst and Vulcan that makes the topographic complex and covered by rice farmland. The purpose of this research is to analyze spatial patterns of SOM and its relation to rice farms. The method that uses in this research is spatial pattern analysis to determine the distribution and the factor that affect the distribution. Descriptive spatial techniques and regression assist spatial pattern analysis. SOM in a rice farm in wetland and dryland ranged from 1.2 to 6.7% in every 0.0005 m³. SOM distribution is higher in the west section than east and influenced inversely by elevation, slope, and NDVI. Wetlands rice productivity 51.9 quintals/ha and dry land productivity 35 quintals/ha. The use of organic manures is still deficient, only 0.67%. Distribution of SOM has a positive influence on rice farming productivity and does not affect the frequency of using organic manures.  

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"ABSTRAKKandungan bahan organik tanah dipengaruhi oleh keberagaman penggunaan tanah dan kemiringan lereng yang berbeda-beda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kandungan bahan organik tanah dengan menggunakan citra Landsat 8 dan analisis statistik regresi linier yang dikaitkan dengan kemiringan lereng, jenis batuan, jenis tanah, dan penggunaan tanah sebagai faktor yang mempengaruhi kandungan bahan organik tanah. Penelitian ini menggunakan algoritma NDSI untuk melihat kandungan bahan organik tanah dari citra Landsat 8 dan sebagai acuan untuk penentuan pengambilan sampel tanah. Analisis spasial dan deskriptif akan dilakukan dengan membuat klasifikasi kandungan bahan organik tanah, melakukan metode multi criteria analysis MCA dan penarikan garis penampang melintang cross-section . Kecamatan Bayah merupakan daerah yang memiliki struktur penyusun tanah yang sebagian besar adalah limestone batuan kapur yang mempengaruhi kandungan bahan organik tanah. Secara keseluruhan kandungan bahan organik di tanah Bayah relatif rendah. Distribusi bahan organik tanah dengan klasifikasi rendah dan sangat rendah hampir di seluruh wilayah Bayah dan didominasi oleh tata guna lahan kelapa sawit yang terletak di lereng 15-25 , merupakan formasi breksi, berbagai konglomerat material, batulempung pada jenis batuannya, dan terletak di jenis tanah Latosol.

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ABSTRACTBayah is an area that is well known to have the composition of the soil of mostly limestone which may influence the organic matter content. The organic matter content of the soil also influenced by the land use and slope gradient. This study aims to determine the distribution of organic matter content by using Landsat 8 and linear regression of statistical analysis which is associated with slope, rock type, type of soil, and land use as the factors that are influencing it. This study uses the normalized difference soil index NDSI algorithm to see the soil organic matter content and also using Landsat 8 OLI as a reference for the determination of soil sampling. Spatial analysis and descriptive analysis will be done by creating classifications of soil organic matter content, using the methods of multi criteria analysis MCA . Overall the organic matter content in Bayah soil is comparatively low. The distribution of the soil organic matter with the classification of low and very low there was almost total throughout in Bayah and dominated by land use oil palm planatations that were located on slope of 15 25 , has breccias, various material conglomerates, claystone as its geology, and located in Latosol type of soil."

"Soil enzymes play a fundamental role in many soil processes such as the mineralization of organic matter, the synthesis of humic substances, the degradation of xenobiotics or the mechanisms involved in the biocontrol of plant pathogens. Their direct link with soil microorganisms gives them a key role as biomonitors of the evolution of soil quality or in the monitoring of the application of organic amendments to degraded soils. As a consequence of the importance of soil enzymes on soil processes, there is an increasing interest in their study, as well as in the application of molecular techniques as diagnostic tools."

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