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"Bising merupakan sumber bahaya ditempat kerja, bila tidak ditangani dengan baik. Bising selain menyebabkan penyakit akibat kerja juga dapat menyebabkan terjadinya suatu kecelakaan. Kerugian yang ditimbulkan tidak hanya mendatangkan derita bagi tenaga kerja dan keluarganya tapi juga merugikan perusahaan serta lingkungan sekitarnya. PT. (Persero) Angkasa Pura II adalah Perusahaan BUMN dibawah Departemen Perhubungan sebagai pengelola 10 (sepuluh) Bandara di wilayah Barat Indonesia, dimana bising merupakan suatu hal yang sehari-hari dihadapi oleh petugas AMC sebagai petugas operasi dilini depart dalam pelayanan jasa kebandarudaraan. Sebagai Bandara bertaraf Internasional selain hares mengikuti peraturan-peraturan ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization) harus menerapkan standar keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja yang berlaku secara nasional guna melindungi tenaga kerja, orang lain disekitar Bandara, lingkungan kerja, asset perusahaan umumnya serta keselamatan penerbangan khususnya. Penelitian yang dilakukan adalah dengan diskriptif Analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional berdasarkan data primer dan sekunder dari 79 petugas AMC dari PT (Persero) Angkasa Pura II tahun 2004 dan didapatkan hasil 22 petugas AMC menderita Noise Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL). Dengan menggunakan slat audiometer dan sound level meter.

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Noise is a source of danger in the workplace if it does not manage properly. The noise, besides it can cause sick it also can cause an accident and creating sorrow to the employee or his family. Consequently decreased performance and increased compensation pay will became the burden for the company. PT. Angkasa Pura II (Ltd) is a State Company under Transportation Department, consist of 10 airports in west Indonesia where the noise is one of the problem faces by AMC officers as the frontline officers of airport services.

As an international airport, besides must comply to existing ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization) International regulations, it also must apply standards on work safety and health nationally adopted to protect its employees, the people around, company assets in general and especially flying safety. The observation undergone is a descriptive - analytically with cross - sector approach, based on primary and secondary data from 79 AMC officers of PT (Persero) Angkasa Pura H in 2004 i.e through observation and sound level meter, result 22 AMC officers suffering from noise induced hearing loss (NHL)."

"ABSTRAKKegiatan menyelam dapat menyebabkan gangguan pada pendengaran.Penyelam TNI AL berisiko mengalami gangguan pendengaran akibatbarotrauma pada telinga. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptifyang bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran gangguan pendengaran pada50 orang penyelam TNI AL Armada RI Kawasan Barat sebagai sampel.Data didapatkan dengan tes rinne, weber, dan schwabach menggunakangarputala frekuensi 512 Hz untuk menentukan jenis gangguan sensorikatau konduktif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 42% respondenmengalami gangguan pendengaran, terdapat 40% tuli sensorik dan 2% tulikonduktif. Program pendidikan dan latihan tentang standar prosedurpenyelaman yang tepat perlu dirancang untuk mencegah terjadinyagangguan pendengaran akibat penyelaman.

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ABSTRACTDiving activity may caused hearing loss. Indonesian Navy divers haverisked to undergo hearing loss that caused by barotrauma in the ear. Theobjective of this study was to describe descriptive of hearing loss on 50person Navy divers in the west district. The Rinne, Weber, and Schwabachtests that use a tuning fork 512 Hz were perform to identify conduction orsensoric deafness. These research shows that 42% have hearing loss, 40%sensoric deafness and 2% conductive deafness. The education programsand training about the progress right diving procedure standart should bedesigned prevent hearing loss caused by diving."

"Latar belakang: Gangguan pendengaran sensorineural pada pilot merupakan masalah kesehatan yang dapat menyebabkan inkapasitasi pada saat pilot menjalankan tugas terbangnya dan berdampak terhadap keselamatan penerbangan. Tujuan penelitian ini mengidentifikasi jam terbang total dan faktor dominan lainnya terhadap risiko gangguan pendengaran sensorineural di antara pilot sipil di Indonesia. Metode: Desain penelitian potong lintang dengan purposive sampling pada tanggal 4-20 Mei 2015 terhadap pilot laki-laki berusia 20-60 tahun dan pilot memiliki lisensi Commercial Pilot License (CPL) atau Air Transport Pilot License (ATPL) yang sedang melakukan pemeriksaan kesehatan berkala (medex) di Balai Kesehatan Penerbangan, Jakarta. Gangguan pendengaran yaitu subyek memiliki ambang dengar 25 dB atau lebih. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara memakai kuesioner. kemudian data diambil dari rekam medis pada hari pemeriksaan. Risiko gangguan pendengaran sensorineural dianalisis menggunakan risiko relatif (RR) dengan regresi Cox. Hasil: Selama 3 minggu masa pengumpulan data terdapat 681 pilot yang melakukan medex di Balai Kesehatan Penerbangan, didapatkan 314 pilot yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Sebanyak 15,9% mempunyai gangguan pendengaran sensorineural. Pilot dengan jam terbang total lebih 5000 jam dibandingkan kurang 5000 jam berisiko gangguan pendengaran sensorineural 4,7 kali lipat [risiko relatif suaian (RRa)=4,73; p=0,137]. Pilot dengan usia 45-60 tahun dibandingkan usia 20-44 tahun berisiko gangguan pendengaran sensorineural 6,8 lipat (RRa=6,87; p=0,000). Simpulan: Jam terbang total 5000 jam atau lebih serta usia 45-60 tahun meningkatkan risiko gangguan pendengaran sensorineural pada pilot sipil di Indonesia.

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Background: Sensorineural hearing loss in civil pilots could interfere pilots? performance to safely operate an aircraft thus could cause incapacitation on board. This study aimed to identify risk factors of sensorineural hearing loss among civil pilots in Indonesia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study design with purposive sampling on 4-20 May 2015 was conducted on pilots of the male civilian. The inclusion criteria civilian pilots male 20-60 years old and had Commercial Pilot License (CPL) or Air Transport Pilot License (ATPL) who were taking medical examinations (medex) in Civil Aviation Medical Centre, Jakarta. Hearing impairment defined by hearing threshold of 25 dB or more. Demographic data were collected by interviewed pilots using questionnaires while audiometry and laboratory data were collected from medical records. Risk factors of sensorineural hearing loss were analyzed by Cox regression.

Results: Three weeks collecting data had 681 pilot conducted medex in Civil Aviation Medical Centre, among 314 commercial pilots were fulfilled the criteria?s. Percentage of sensorineural hearing loss from audiometry data were 15.9%. Subjects with 5000 flight hours or more had almost five times increased risk of sensorineural hearing loss compared to subjects with less than 5000 flight hours [adjusted relative risk (RRa) = 4.73; p = 0.137]. Subjects aged 45-60 year-old had almost seven times increased risk of sensorineural hearing loss compared to subjects aged 20-44 year-old (RRa= 6.87; p = 0.000).

Conclusion: Total flight hours 5000 hours or more and age of 45-60 years increased the risk of sensorineural hearing loss among civilian pilots in Indonesia."

"Tuli mendadak merupakan kedaruratan dibidang audiologi yang perlu penatalaksanaan segera. Konsensus terapi tuli mendadak tahun 2010 di Madrid-Spanyol dan systematic review yang dilakukan Cochrane tahun 2009 menetapkan steroid sebagai terapi utama. Pasien yang mengalami kesembuhan memperlihatkan peningkatan nilai emisi otoakustik selama terapi. Perbaikan emisi terjadi lebih awal dibandingkan perbaikan ambang dengar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi hasil terapi metil prednisolon dosis terbaru pada tuli mendadak dengan pemeriksaan DPOAE dan audiometri nada murni dengan desain pre-eksperimental bersifat analitik pre-post terapi. Pemeriksaan audiometri nada murni dan DPOAE dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah terapi hari ke-15 pada 22 subjek penelitian. Pada penelitian ini didapatkan perubahan bermakna nilai audiometri di semua frekuensi yang diteliti, perubahan bermakna nilai DPOAE di frekuensi 1500 Hz, 2000 Hz, 8000 Hz dan hubungan bermakna perubahan SNR pada DPOAE dengan tingkat perubahan ambang dengar pada frekuensi 8000 Hz dan 10000 Hz. Penelitian ini mendapatkan perubahan yang bermakna nilai audiometri nada murni sebelum dan sesudah terapi pada semua frekuensi yang diteliti dengan menggunakan dosis terbaru metil prednisolon. Oleh karena itu dosis ini dapat diaplikasikan untuk terapi tuli mendadak.

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Sudden deafness is an emergency case in audiology that need immediate treatment. Consensus 2010 in Madrid-Spain and Cochrane systematic review in 2009, stated steroid as drugs of choice in sudden deafness therapy. Patient that has been recovered from sudden deafness has increasing otoacoustic emission during treatment. The emission improvement begins earlier than the improvement of the hearing level.

The aim of research is to evaluate new dose of methylprednisolon therapy in sudden deafness by using DPOAE and pure tone audiometry with pre-experimental analytical design pre-post treatment. Pure tone audiometry and DPOAE evaluation before therapy and day 15th after therapy on 22 subjects.

This reseach found that there are changes in pure tone audiometry for all hearing frequencies, there is also changes in DPOAE for 1500 Hz, 2000 Hz, 8000 Hz frequencies and a significant difference between changes in DPOAE with changes in hearing threshold level for 8000 Hz and 10000 Hz. This research found changes in pure tone audiometry for all hearing frequencies by using new dose of methylprednisolone. There fore, this new dose could be applied for sudden deafness therapy."

"Gangguan fungsi pendengaran pada pekerja industri merupakan penyakit akibatkerja yang sampai saat ini masih ada dijumpai. Gangguan fungsi pendengaran inidisebabkan oleh pajanan bising. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahuigambaran pajanan bising yang diterima dan fungsi pendengaran pada pekerja diPT.X. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian observasional dengan rancangan crosssectional yaitu meneliti sekaligus variable independen, variable dependen danvariabel perancunya usia, masa kerja, merokok, penyakit HT, penyakit DM, Kebiasaan mendengar bising, pajanan vibrasi dalam waktu bersamaan. Analisisdata adalah tabel dengan menggunakan analisis data univariat, bivariat danmultivariat. Didapatkan gambaran pajanan bising yang diterima pekerja > 85 dBAsebanyak 28 orang dan 11 diantaranya menderita gangguan fungsi pendengarandan variable pajanan bising efektif, umur dan vibrasi memberi pengaruhterjadinya gangguan fungsi pendengaran pada pekerja di PT.X.

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Impaired hearing on an industrial worker occupational diseases that until now there isencountered. Malfunctioning of this hearing caused by noise exposure. This study aimsto describe the acceptable noise exposure and hearing function in workers in PT.X. Thestudy was observational with cross sectional design which simultaneously examines theindependent variable, dependent variable and variable perancunya age, years ofsmoking, disease HT, DM, Habits hear noise, vibration exposure at the same time.Analysis of the data is a table using data analysis of univariate, bivariate and multivariateanalyzes. It was noted that workers noise exposure 85 dBA as many as 28 people and11 of them suffer from auditory function and variable effective noise exposure, age andvibration influence auditory dysfunction in workers in PT.X."

"Gangguan pendengaran sebagai penyakit akibat kerja yang paling sering terjadi di berbagai industri membutuhkan perhatian dari banyak pihak. Gangguan pendengaran yang dialami seseorang akan berpengaruh pada produktivitas kerja dan kualitas hidup pekerja tersebut, sehingga pengendalian bising sangat penting untuk dilaksanakan di semua industri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pelaksanaan dan kesesuaian dari elemen program konservasi pendengaran yang dilakukan PT XYZ sesuai dengan peraturan dan rekomendasi yang ada, agar dapat diketahui hal-hal yang dapat diperbaiki untuk mewujudkan Program Konservasi Pendengaran yang efisien, efektif dan memadai. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data diperoleh dengan cara wawancara mendalam, observasi dan telaah dokumen, dan kuisioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya ketidaksesuaian penerapan elemen Program Konservasi Pendengaran di PT XYZ dengan peraturan dan rekomendasi. Peneliti merekomendasikan bahwa perlu dibuat kebijakan khusus terkait dengan PKP, dan pelaksanaan pencatatan dan pelaporan yang lebih baik, serta pengawasan yang lebih pada pelaksanaan setiap elemen Program Konservasi Pendengaran.

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Hearing loss as the most common occupational disease in many industries requires attention from many parties. Hearing loss experienced by a person will affect the work productivity and quality of life of the worker, so noise control is very important to be implemented in all industries.

This study aims to determine the description of the implementation and suitability of the elements of hearing conservation program conducted by PT XYZ in accordance with existing regulations and recommendations, in order to know the things that can be improved to realize an efficient, effective and adequate Hearing Conservation Program. This research uses descriptive study design with qualitative approach. Data were obtained by in-depth interviews, observation and document review, and questionnaires.

The results of the study indicate that there is a mismatch of the implementation of Hearing Conservation Program elements in PT XYZ with the rules and recommendations. The researcher recommends that special policies relating to Hearing Conservation Program, better implementation of recording and reporting, and more oversight of the implementation of each element of the Hearing Conservation Program."

"Gangguan pendengaran karena bising merupakan salah satu penyakit akibat kerja yang sering ditemui pada perusahaan manufaktur. Hazard yang bisa menyebabkan gangguan pendengaran meliputi bising, zat kimia dan getaran. Ruang lingkup penelitian tesis ini adalah melihat dampak pajanan bising terhadap fungsi pendengaran pekerja yang terpajan bising diatas 82 dBA. Jenis penelitian adalah cross sectional study yang meneliti hubungan faktor independen berupa dosisi pajanan dalam perhitungan leq, umur dan masa kerja serta faktor penggangu berupa pemakaian alat pelindung diri serta kebiasaan dengan fungsi pendengaran pekerja. Dari survei tingkat bising ditemukan departemen PVC, CDM, CDS dan CDB mempunyai tingkat kebisingan diatas nilai ambang batas yang diperbolehkan. Hasil pemeriksaan audiometri ditemukan dua orang responden yang mengalami gangguan pendengaran. Responden yang mengalami gangguan pendengaran satu orang berumur diatas 40 tahun, bekerja pada ruangan PVC dimana merupakan tingkat pajanan bising tertinggi di pabrik ini dan sudah bekerja selama lebih dari 5 tahun. Responden yang mengalami gangguan pendengaran lainnya merupakan pekerja yang berumur dibawah 40 tahun dan sudah bekerja selama lebih dari 5 tahun. Dari hasil analisis statistik tidak ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara Leq pajanan bising, faktor masa kerja, pemakaian alat pelindung diri dan kebiasaan merokok dengan gangguan pendengaran. Ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara umur dan gangguan pendengaran dengan OD ratio 7.99.

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Noise induced hearing loss is one of the occupational diseases are often found in manufacturing companies. Hazard that can cause hearing loss include noise, chemicals and vibration. The scope of this thesis research on the impact of noise exposure on hearing function of workers exposed to noise above 82 dBA. This type of research is a cross-sectional study examining the relationship be an independent factor in the noise dose exposure (leq), age and working period and disturbance factors such as the use of personal protective equipment, smoking with hearing function. From the survey found noise levels PVC department, CDM, CDS and CDB have noise levels above the permitted threshold value.

Audiometric examination found two participant who suffered from hearing loss. Respondents who suffered from hearing loss a person aged over 40 years, working on PVC indoor noise exposure level which is the highest in the plant and it has been working for more than 5 years. Other participant who suffered from hearing loss is under the age of 40 years and has been working for more than 5 years. From the analysis found no statistically significant relationship between Leq noise exposure, working period, the use of personal protective equipment and smoking with hearing loss. Found a significant relationship between age and hearing loss with OD ratio 7.99."

"[ABSTRAKGangguan pendengaran akibat stroke yang terjadi pada jalur auditorik merupakan aspek yang sedikit sekali dieksplorasi pada pasien pasca stroke dan berpotensi menimbulkan dampak pada fungsi dan kualitas hidup. Pendengaran memfasilitasi komunikasi verbal sehingga hal ini penting untuk memberikan penatalaksanaan yang sesuai dan maksimal. Untuk mengukur proporsi gangguan pendengaran dan gangguan komunikasi verbal pada pasien pasca stroke dapat dilakukan pemeriksaan audiometri nada murni, audiometri tutur, dan audiometri tutur dalam bising untuk mengkaji bagaimana gangguan pendengaran berkorelasi dengan karakteristik demografik dan karakteristik klinis serta faktor yang mempengaruhi. Penelitian potong lintang ini dilakukan di RSUPN dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta pada bulan November 2014 sampai Mei 2015, melibatkan 40 subyek pasien pasca stroke otak (eksklusi afasia, gangguan fungsi luhur dan gangguan kognitif) yang terdiagnosis dari pencitraan tomografi komputer kepala. Sebanyak 40% mengalami gangguan pendengaran sensorineural (ringan 37,5% dan sedang 20%). Gangguan pendengaran sentral didapatkan 12,5 dan campuran (sensorineural dan sentral) sebanyak17,5%. Didapatkan gangguan komunikasi verbal dalam suasana tenang dan bising 12,% sedangkan gangguan dalam suasana bising sebanyak 32,5%. Berdasarkan nilai odds rasio didapatkan kecenderungan faktor risiko usia lebih dari 60 tahun, letak lesi kortikal dan atau subkortikal serta vaskularisasi lesi dapat mempengaruhi gangguan pendengaran dengan atau tanpa disertai gangguan komunikasi dan secara statistik bermakna.

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ABSTRACTHearing loss due to stroke which disturb the auditoric path is less known, and may potentially effect the function and quality of life. Hearing facilitates a good speech hence it is important to give appropriate and optimal treatment. To measure the proportion of hearing loss and speech disorder in post stoke patient, we did pure tone audiometry, speech audiometry, and word in noise and to analyze how it could correlate with demographic, clinical characteristic and other factors. This cross sectional study was conducted in Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital Jakarta which started from November 2014 to May 2015, involving 40 samples after stroke patient (with the exclusion of aphasia and cognitive disorder) which were diagnosed with brain CT scan. Fourty percents patients had sensoryneural hearing loss (mild 37,5% and moderate 20%,). Central Hearing loss was found in 12.5% patients and mixed (sensorineural and sentral) hearing loss was found in 17.5%. Speech disorder in quite and noise background was found in 12.5% patients and disorder in noise background was found in 32.5% patients. Based on the odds ratio it is found that age older than 60 year old, cortical and or subcortical lesion, and vascularization of the lesion is the risk factor that can influence hearing disorder with or without speech disorder and it is statistically significance.;Hearing loss due to stroke which disturb the auditoric path is less known, and may potentially effect the function and quality of life. Hearing facilitates a good speech hence it is important to give appropriate and optimal treatment. To measure the proportion of hearing loss and speech disorder in post stoke patient, we did pure tone audiometry, speech audiometry, and word in noise and to analyze how it could correlate with demographic, clinical characteristic and other factors. This cross sectional study was conducted in Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital Jakarta which started from November 2014 to May 2015, involving 40 samples after stroke patient (with the exclusion of aphasia and cognitive disorder) which were diagnosed with brain CT scan. Fourty percents patients had sensoryneural hearing loss (mild 37,5% and moderate 20%,). Central Hearing loss was found in 12.5% patients and mixed (sensorineural and sentral) hearing loss was found in 17.5%. Speech disorder in quite and noise background was found in 12.5% patients and disorder in noise background was found in 32.5% patients. Based on the odds ratio it is found that age older than 60 year old, cortical and or subcortical lesion, and vascularization of the lesion is the risk factor that can influence hearing disorder with or without speech disorder and it is statistically significance., Hearing loss due to stroke which disturb the auditoric path is less known, and may potentially effect the function and quality of life. Hearing facilitates a good speech hence it is important to give appropriate and optimal treatment. To measure the proportion of hearing loss and speech disorder in post stoke patient, we did pure tone audiometry, speech audiometry, and word in noise and to analyze how it could correlate with demographic, clinical characteristic and other factors. This cross sectional study was conducted in Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital Jakarta which started from November 2014 to May 2015, involving 40 samples after stroke patient (with the exclusion of aphasia and cognitive disorder) which were diagnosed with brain CT scan. Fourty percents patients had sensoryneural hearing loss (mild 37,5% and moderate 20%,). Central Hearing loss was found in 12.5% patients and mixed (sensorineural and sentral) hearing loss was found in 17.5%. Speech disorder in quite and noise background was found in 12.5% patients and disorder in noise background was found in 32.5% patients. Based on the odds ratio it is found that age older than 60 year old, cortical and or subcortical lesion, and vascularization of the lesion is the risk factor that can influence hearing disorder with or without speech disorder and it is statistically significance.]"