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"This study compares the portrayal of R.A. Kartini, an Indonesian female national heroine, in the biopics Sjumandjaya’s R.A. Kartini (1982) and Bramantyo’s Kartini (2017). The films were produced in the New Order and post-Reformation eras respectively, with social and cultural values translating into context-shaped standpoints in interpreting the figure of Kartini’s. Kartini is a role model associated with empowered Indonesian women and equality in education; therefore, films produced in different social and political contexts retelling her story give insights into how these issues were framed during these eras. This study uses film discourse interpretation analysis referencing dialogues and gestures from the films to discuss power relations between male-female characters, the issue of silence and women’s voice, and sisterhood. The study finds that, although both films reconfirm the already imprinted patriarchal society’s images of Kartini in particular and women in general, there are collective efforts to rethink and question the status quo."

"ABSTRAKFokus dari tesis ini adalah memaparkan perjuangan perempuan warga negara Indonesia (WNI) yang menikah dengan warga negara asing (WNA) yang terdiskriminasi untuk akses hak atas tanah apabila tidak mempunyai perjanjian perkawinan yang dibuat sebelum perkawinan. Penelitian tesis ini menggunakan metodologi kualitatif berperspektif feminis yang diperkuat dengan tiga teori yaitu feminisme multikultural, teori hukum feminis dan teori akses keadilan. Ada tiga temuan penelitian. Temuan pertama, ketentuan syarat adanya perjanjian perkawinan akses hak atas tanah adalah diskriminatif dan menempatkan perempuan WNI dalam perkawinan campuran dalam posisi yang dilematis, untuk memilih akses pada hak tanah atau harta bersama. Kedua adalah ditemukan upaya-upaya yang dilakukan untuk menghadapi tantangan dan hambatan akses hak atas tanah, ada yang disebut sebagai penyelundupan hukum dan atau ada yang menyebut sebagai terobosan hukum. Ketiga adalah perlu adanya rasa persaudaraan yang solid untuk bersatu dalam memperjuangkan tujuan politis organisasi, yaitu menghapuskan ketentuan hukum yang diskriminatif bagi perempuan WNI dalam perkawinan campuran dengan cara untuk terlibat dan dilibatkan terus dalam menyuarakan suara dan pengalaman perempuan untuk pemulihan ?persamaan hak di muka hukum?

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ABSTRACTThis research aims to explore the struggles of Indonesian women who are discriminated because they marry to foreigners to access their rights to own land, unless they have established a notarized prenuptial agreement. This research adopts perspectives of multicultural feminism, feminist legal theory, and access to justice theory by applying qualitative methods. This research found three findings. First finding is that not all women knew the law stating a condition to have a notarized prenuptial agreement to access their rights to land ownerships. The prenuptial agreement is a discriminative act by the Indonesian government; it may put women in dilemmatic situation either to choose access to land ownership rights or access to joint marital property. The second finding is to face the obstacles, they make do things that some say illegal, but others consider a legal breakthrough. The third finding is as the principle of ?equality before the law? is not applicable in practice. They seek remedies for their rights, by making their voices heard and by establishing a solid sisterhood to strengthen one another for developing political solidarity for the movement to change discriminative laws."

"Indonesia adalah negara yang mengakui kepercayaan agama, seperti Islam, Kristen, Hindu, dan Budha. Namun, populasi yang dominan adalah umat Muslim; dengan demikian, norma sosial yang berlaku kurang lebih mencerminkan kepercayaan mayoritas. Budaya asing, khususnya budaya barat, sering dianggap tidak pantas dan tidak sesuai dengan budaya Indonesia. Salah satu contoh terbaru adalah lagu "God is a Woman," yang menyampaikan pesan pemberdayaan perempuan. Lagu tersebut dianggap kontroversial karena membawa nama Tuhan dan menyamakannya dengan sifat manusia, termasuk memiliki jenis kelamin. Selain itu, lagu ini berisi konten yang eksplisit secara seksual yang dianggap tabu. Meskipun ada banyak tantangan agar lagu ini dapat diterima di masyarakat, lagu ini masih banyak beredar di kalangan generasi muda di Indonesia. Menurut teori respon audiens Stuart Hall, ada tiga jenis audiensi yang menerima, menolak, atau menegosiasikan sebuah karya. Dalam penelitian ini, akan dibahas bagaimana pemuda Indonesia menegosiasikan lagu yang sebenarnya kontroversial tetapi tetap menjadi favorit mereka.

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Indonesia is a country that recognizes religious beliefs, including Islam, Christianity, Hinduism and Buddhism. However, the dominant population is Muslims; thus, the prevailing social norms more or less reflect the majority‟s belief. Foreign cultures, especially western culture, are often considered to be inappropriate and not in accordance with Indonesian culture. One of the most recent examples is the song "God is a Woman," which conveys the message of female empowerment. The song was considered controversial because it brought the name of God and equated it with human traits, which include having a gender. In addition, this song contains sexually explicit content that is considered taboo. Although there are many challenges for this song to be accepted in the community, surprisingly, it is still widely circulating within the younger generation in Indonesia. According to Stuart Hall's reception theory, there are three types of audiences who accept, reject, or negotiate a work. In this research, we will discuss how Indonesian youth negotiate songs that are actually controversial but remain their favourite."

"Esai ini akan membahas bagaimana tiga "Srikandi" dari atlet panahan Indonesia, Nurfitriyana Saiman, Kusumawardhani, dan Lilies Handayani, meraih medali perak di Olimpiade Musim Panas 1988 di Seoul. Prestasi ini adalah pencapaian pertama Indonesia sejak partisipasinya dalam Olimpiade Musim Panas 1952 di Helsinki. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode historis dalam empat langkah, yaitu: heuristik, kritik, interpretasi dan historiografi. Menurut penelitian, ada tiga faktor keberhasilan trio di olimpiade. Faktor pertama adalah motivasi dalam diri mereka. Itu membuat mereka bertiga memiliki kinerja yang baik di olimpiade. Kedua, peran pelatih mereka, Donald Pandiangan, yang juga seorang pemanah nasional dan memiliki banyak prestasi dan pengalaman dalam acara-acara panahan internasional. Ketiga, mereka menerima dukungan dari Persatuan Panahan Indonesia (PERPANI) dan Komite Olahraga Nasional Indonesia (KONI).

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This essay will discuss how three "Srikandi" from Indonesian archery athletes, Nurfitriyana Saiman, Kusumawardhani, and Lilies Handayani, won silver medals at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul. This achievement is Indonesia's first achievement since its participation in the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki. This research was conducted with a historical method in four steps, namely: heuristics, criticism, interpretation and historiography. According to research, there are three success factors for the trio in the Olympics. The first factor is motivation in themselves. That makes all three of them have a good performance at the Olympics. Second, the role of their trainer, Donald Pandiangan, who is also a national archer and has many achievements and experience in international archery events. Third, they received support from the Indonesian Archery Association (PERPANI) and the Indonesian National Sports Committee (KONI)."