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"Style refers to ways of speaking, how speakers use the resource of language variation to make meaning in social encounters. This book develops a coherent theoretical approach to style in sociolinguistics, illustrated with copious examples. It explains how speakers project different social identities and create different social relationships through their style choices, and how speech-style and social context inter-relate. Style therefore refers to the wide range of strategic actions and performances that speakers engage in, to construct themselves and their social lives. Coupland draws on and integrates a wide variety of contemporary sociolinguistic research as well as his own extensive research in this field. The emphasis is on how social meanings are made locally, in specific relationships, genres, groups and cultures, and on studying language variation as part of the analysis of spoken discourse."

"Anak tunarungu seringkali didapati mengalami keterlambatan fungsi kognitif yang berakibat pada keterlambatan pencapaian akademis, namun keterlambatan tidak terjadi pada visual-spatial working memory, yang biasa digunakan dalam pemecahan soal matematika. Penelitian sebelumnya menemukan bahwa visual-spatial working memory pada anak tunarungu berbeda akibat metode komunikasi anak tunarungu yang mengandalkan penglihatan. Sedikit penelitian yang memperlihatkan gambaran kapasitas visual-spatial working memory secara utuh pada anak tunarungu dengan metode komunikasi oral, total, dan bahasa isyarat. Penelitian ini memperlihatkan gambaran tersebut yang didapat melalui pengisian kuesioner mengenai penggunaan metode komunikasi dan pengukuran visual-spatial working memory pada 30 anak tunarungu kelas 3-6 SD. Pengisian kuesioner dilakukan oleh orang tua, dan pengukuran visual-spatial working memory dilakukan dengan anak memainkan Lion Game melalui Zoom call.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mean proporsi skor kapasitas visual-spatial working memory anak tunarungu dengan metode komunikasi oral sebesar 0,432 (SD=0,151) dengan level 2,55. Mean proporsi skor kapasitas visual-spatial working memory anak tunarungu metode komunikasi total sebesar 0,453 (SD=0,153) dengan level 2,53. Terakhir, mean proporsi skor kapasitas visual-spatial working memory anak tunarungu metode komunikasi bahasa isyarat sebesar 0,397 (SD=0,128) dengan level 3,25. Dari hasil penelitian ini diketahui kapasitas visual-spatial working memory pada anak tunarungu dengan metode komunikasi oral, total, dan bahasa isyarat belum maksimal.

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Children with hearing impairment or deaf usually experience cognitive function delays, but not in visual-spatial working memory which commonly used in mathematical problems. Previous studies discovered that the visual or spatial working memory in deaf children is different due to the communication methods that rely on vision. This study describes deaf childrens visual-spatial working memory by measuring the visual-spatial working memory of 30 deaf children in grade 3-6 elementary school and identifying their communication methods through questionnaires. Questionnaires are filled in by the parents of deaf children. The visual-spatial working memory measurement utilizes the Lion Games through Zoom meetings.This study shows that the mean score of the visual-spatial working memory of deaf children with oral communication is 0.432 (SD=0.151) with average maximum level 2.55. Furthermore, the mean score of the visual-spatial working memory of deaf children with total communication is 0.453 (SD=0.153) with average maximum level 2.53, and the mean score of the visual-spatial working memory of deaf children in sign language is 0.397 (SD=0.128) with average maximum level 3.25. To conclude the result, it can be argued that deaf children visual-spatial working memory span with oral, total, and sign language communication methods still not reach the maximum point."

"Usia dini merupakan masa emas tumbuh kembang anak yang sangat perlu diperhatikan, terutama oleh ibu sebagai orang tua. Salah satu aspek perkembangan yang dimaksud adalah perkembangan bicara dan bahasa anak. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran tentang tingkat pengetahuan ibu tentang perkembangan bicara dan bahasa anak usia dini. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Responden penelitian ini berjumlah 106 orang dari wilayah RW 09 Kelurahan Tugu. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling. Insrumen yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah kuesioner yang terdiri dari 43 pertanyaan seputar perkembangan bicara dan bahasa anak. Hasil analisis univariat menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 67% responden (71 orang) memiliki tingkat pengetahuan yang tinggi tentang perkembangan bicara dan bahasa anak usia dini. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi masukan untuk penyusunan materi dalam pendidikan kesehatan tentang perkembangan bicara dan bahasa anak sehingga diharapkan kejadian gangguan bicara pada anak dapat diminimalkan dan dideteksi lebih dini.

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Early childhood is golden period for child development which need full attention, especially from mother as parents. One aspect of child development mentioned here is speak and language development. Because of that, this research is doing exploration mother?s knowledge about speak and language development of early childhood. There were 106 respondents participate this research from RW 09 Kelurahan Tugu. Sampling technique used was purposive sampling. Questionare with 43 questions about speak and language development of early childhood was used as instrument of this research. Result of univariat analys showed that 67% respondent has gained high level of knowledge about speak and language development of early childhood. The result of this research can be used as reference to arrange curriculum for health education programm about speak and language development of early childhood, so parents especially mother can detect the problem earlier and decrease amount of speak and language disorder."

"This textbook, designed for courses in first-and-second language education, provides a "big picture" view of basic linguistics through readings organized in 3 thematic units-"What is Language and How is it Acquired?"; "How Does Language Change?"; and "What is Literacy?" Pedagogical Activities included. "