"[
ABSTRAKTesis ini membahas mengenai pertentangan antara ketentuan dalam asuransi
syariah tentang penerima manfaat asuransi jiwa syariah dengan ketentuan pembagian
waris dalam hukum waris Islam. Dalam asuransi jwa syariah, penerima manfaat uang
santunan asuransi jiwa bila tertanggung meninggal telah ditunjuk sebelumnya dan
tercantum dalam polis, sedangkan ketentuan waris Islam menyatakan pembagian
harta dari seseorang yang telah meninggal telah diatur di dalam al-Qur’an dan al-
Hadits. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif tentang asuransi jiwa syariah
dan hukum waris islam, dan alat pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian
ini adalah melalui penelitian kepustakaan.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa polis asuransi jiwa syariah dapat dinilai
sebagai wasiat sehingga uang santunan asuransi jiwa syariah menjadi milik penerima
manfaat, selama tidak bertentangan dengan ketentuan wasiat dalam KHI. Kedudukan
hukum ahli waris yang tidak tercantum dalam polis asuransi jwa syariah tetaplah
sebagai ahli waris yang memiliki hak waris sehingga bila polis asuransi jiwa syariah
tidak sesuai dengan ketentuan dalam KHI, ahli waris tersebut berhak atas uang
santunan. Dengan ketentuan yang ada saat ini mengenai asuransi jiwa syariah,
pemberian asuransi kepada penerima manfaat meski menggangu hak ahli waris lain
adalah terpenuhinya prestasi dan tidak menimbulkan akibat hukum apapun kecuali
dosa di mata Allah SWT.
Ketentuan mengenai asuransi jiwa syariah saat ini masih belum sesuai dengan
ketentuan hukum waris Islam, sedangkan waris merupakan hak bagi umat Islam yang
dilindungi oleh pasal 29 Undang-Undang Dasar 1945. Selain itu, karena uang
santunan asuransi jiwa syariah berkaitan dengan kematian seseorang dan
sebagaimana diamanatkan Undang-Undang Nomor 3 tahun 2006 tentang Perubahan
atas Undang-Undang Nomor 7 tahun 1989 tentang Peradilan Agama, bagi umat Islam
di Indonesia wajib melakukan pembagian waris berdasarkan hukum waris Islam.
Oleh sebab itu, pemerintah seharusnya membuat Undang-Undang khusus mengenai
Asuransi Syariah yang disesuaikan dengan hukum Islam lainnya, khususnya hukum
waris Islam. Meski belum ada peraturan mengenai asuransi syariah ini, kontrak
asuransi syariah yang sesuai dengan hukum Islam masih bisa dibuat karena hukum
perjanjian di Indonesia mengenai asas kebebasan berkontrak, maka perusahaan
asuransi dan nasabah asuransi jiwa syariah bisa membuat kontrak asuransi yang
isinya sesuai dengan syariah.
ABSTRACTThis thesis discusses the conflict between determination of the beneficiaries of
islamic life insurance and the distribution of property in Islamic law of inheritance. In
the islamic life insurance, the beneficiary of islamic life insurance compensation
money when the insured dies has been appointed earlier and listed in the policy, while
the provisions of Islamic inheritance declare the division of property of someone who
has died has been set up in the al-Quran and al-Hadith. This research is a normative
law on life islamic insurance and Islamic inheritance law, and data collection tools
used in this research is through literature research.
The results showed that islamic life insurance policy can be assessed as a
testament. So the islamic life insurance compensation money belongs to the
beneficiaries, as long as not contrary to the provisions of a will in KHI. The legal
position of heirs who are not listed in the policy of islamic life insurance remains as
an heir who has the right of inheritance so that when the policy of islamic life
insurance is not in accordance with the provisions of KHI, these heirs shall be entitled
to compensation. With the existing provisions regarding islamic life insurance,
providing insurance to beneficiaries despite another heir is the fulfillment of
achievement and not cause any legal consequences except sin in the Eyes of Allah.
Provisions concerning islamic life insurance is still not in accordance with the
provisions of Islamic law. Meanwhile, inheritance is the right of Muslims who are
protected by article 29 of the Constitution of 1945. In addition, because the
compensation money islamic life insurance related to the death of a person and as
mandated by Law No. 3 of 2006 concerning Amendment to Act Number 7 1989
Religious Courts for Muslims in Indonesia are required to conduct the division of
inheritance based on Islamic law. Therefore, the government should create a specific
law regarding Takaful adapted to Islamic law, in particular the Islamic inheritance
law. Although there is no regulation regarding this Islamic insurance, Takaful
contract in accordance with Islamic law can still be made because of the law of
contract in Indonesia on the principle of freedom of contract, the insurance company
and the customer can make an islamic life insurance contract whose contents in
accordance with sharia, This thesis discusses the conflict between determination of the beneficiaries of
islamic life insurance and the distribution of property in Islamic law of inheritance. In
the islamic life insurance, the beneficiary of islamic life insurance compensation
money when the insured dies has been appointed earlier and listed in the policy, while
the provisions of Islamic inheritance declare the division of property of someone who
has died has been set up in the al-Quran and al-Hadith. This research is a normative
law on life islamic insurance and Islamic inheritance law, and data collection tools
used in this research is through literature research.
The results showed that islamic life insurance policy can be assessed as a
testament. So the islamic life insurance compensation money belongs to the
beneficiaries, as long as not contrary to the provisions of a will in KHI. The legal
position of heirs who are not listed in the policy of islamic life insurance remains as
an heir who has the right of inheritance so that when the policy of islamic life
insurance is not in accordance with the provisions of KHI, these heirs shall be entitled
to compensation. With the existing provisions regarding islamic life insurance,
providing insurance to beneficiaries despite another heir is the fulfillment of
achievement and not cause any legal consequences except sin in the Eyes of Allah.
Provisions concerning islamic life insurance is still not in accordance with the
provisions of Islamic law. Meanwhile, inheritance is the right of Muslims who are
protected by article 29 of the Constitution of 1945. In addition, because the
compensation money islamic life insurance related to the death of a person and as
mandated by Law No. 3 of 2006 concerning Amendment to Act Number 7 1989
Religious Courts for Muslims in Indonesia are required to conduct the division of
inheritance based on Islamic law. Therefore, the government should create a specific
law regarding Takaful adapted to Islamic law, in particular the Islamic inheritance
law. Although there is no regulation regarding this Islamic insurance, Takaful
contract in accordance with Islamic law can still be made because of the law of
contract in Indonesia on the principle of freedom of contract, the insurance company
and the customer can make an islamic life insurance contract whose contents in
accordance with sharia]"
