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"Latar belakang. Hubungan antara inflamasi dan koagulasi telah banyak dijelaskan, dimana molekul adhesi memiliki peranan penting dalam inflamasi. Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) dan soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) tampak berkaitan dengan trombosis pada beberapa penelitian sebelumnya. Molekul-molekul tersebut meningkat pada stenosis mitral (SM) namun bagaimana hubungannya dengan derajat trombosis atrium kiri belum diketahui. Metode. Pasien SM derajat sedang-berat (tanpa adanya regurgitasi mitral signifikan) yang menjalani pemeriksan ekokardiografi transesofageal diikutsertakan secara konsekutif sejak September-Oktober 2013. Penilaian gradasi trombosis atrium kiri dilakukan untuk mengkategorikan mereka menjadi kelompok non-trombus dengan left atrial spontaneous echo contrast (LASEC) tebal, dan kelompok non-trombus tanpa LASEC tebal, dan kelompok trombus. Kadar sICAM-1 dan sVCAM-1 dari vena perifer diukur dengan teknik enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. Hasil. Sebanyak 39 subyek penelitian dengan rerata usia 40,97±9,61 tahun, 71,8% berjenis kelamin perempuan, dan 67,7% memiliki irama fibrilasi atrium. Evaluasi terhadap gradasi trombosis atrium kiri (kelompok non-trombus tanpa LASEC tebal, kelompok non-trombus dengan LASEC tebal, dan kelompok trombus) menunjukkan kadar sICAM-1 sebesar 284,74 (218,79-321) ng/mL, 346,86 (125,68-698,12) ng/mL, dan 395,93 (171,44-1021,53) ng/mL secara berurutan (p=0,280). Kadar sVCAM-1 pada 3 kelompok tersebut sebesar 729,01 (543,93-967,8) ng/mL, 1066 (581,36-2470,6) ng/mL, dan 1158 (668,66-2498,3) ng/mL secara berurutan (p=0,016). Analisis multivariat menunjukkan fibrilasi atrium dan area katup mitral yang mempengaruhi gradasi trombosis. Kesimpulan. Terdapat perbedaan kadar sVCAM-1 pada kelompok menurut gradasi trombosis atrium kiri pada SM, namun pengaruh sVCAM-1 terhadap gradasi trombosis atrium kiri dipengaruhi oleh fibrilasi atrium dan area katup mitral.

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Background. The relationship between inflammation and coagulation has been widely described while adhesion molecules takes important role in inflammation. Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) seemed to be related to thrombosis in previous studies. Those molecules increase in mitral stenosis (MS) but their relationship with left atrial thrombosis gradation is still unknown.

Methods. Patients with moderate-severe MS (without any significant mitral regurgitation) who underwent transesophageal echocardiography were recruited consecutively in September-October 2013. They were divided into three categories of left atrial thrombosis gradation: non-thrombus without dense LASEC group, non-thrombus with dense LASEC group, and thrombus group. sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 levels in peripheral vein were determined by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay technique.

Results. A total of 39 subjects were enrolled in this study with a mean age of 40,97±9,61 year, 71,8% of them were female, and 67,7% of them had atrial fibrillation. Evaluation on left atrial thrombosis gradation (non-thrombus with dense LASEC group, non-thrombus without dense LASEC group, and thrombus group) showed that sICAM-1 levels were 284,74 (218,79-321) ng/mL, 346,86 (125,68-698,12) ng/mL, and 395,93 (171,44-1021,53) ng/mL, cosecutively (p=0,280). sVCAM-1 levels were 729,01(543,93-967,8) ng/mL, 1066 (581,36-2470,6) ng/mL, and 1158 (668,66-2498,3) ng/mL, consecutively (p=0,016). Multivariate analysis showed that AF and MVA influence thrombosis gradation.

Conclusion. Difference in sVCAM-1 levels was found among left atrial thrombosis gradation groups in mitral stenosis, but its effect on thrombosis gradation was influenced by atrial fibrillation and mitral valve area."

"Latar Belakang: ALDH1A1 merupakan gen yang meregulasi diferensiasi dan proliferasi sel dengan jalur asam retinoat. Telah dikenal sebagai gen pluripotensi, ALDH1A1 dapat ditemukan pada Cancer Stem Cell (CSC) dan Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSC) seperti Adipose-derived Stem Cell (ASC) dan Umbilical Cord Stem Cells (UCSC). Studi ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan relatif ekspresi gen ALDH1A1 pada ASC dan UCSC terhadap ALDH+ Breast CSC (BCSC). Metode: One-step qRT-PCR dilakukan untuk mendeteksi ekspresi mRNA ALDH1A1 pada ekstraksi RNA ASC, UCSC, dan BCSC. Hasil PCR dianalisis dengan BCSC menjadi ekspresi relatif setelah data dinormalisasikan oleh gen 18S.Hasil: Ekspresi gen ALDH1A1 relatif ditemukan lebih tinggi secara signifikan pada ASC dibandingkan UCSC. Sementara itu, ALDH1A1 lebih rendah diekspresikan pada MSC dibandingkan BCSC.Konklusi: ASC memiliki kemampuan pluripotensi lebih baik dibandingkan UCSCs pada aspek ALDH1A1. Hal ini disebabkan oleh kemampuan spesifik yang dimiliki ALDH1A1 untuk proliferasi dan diferensiasi ASC.

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Background: ALDH1A1 is a gene which regulates the cell differentiation and proliferation through retinoic acid pathway. Being a renowned pluripotent gene, ALDH1A1 could be found in both cancer stem cells (CSCs) and human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) such as Adipose-derived Stem Cells (ASCs) and Umbilical Cord Stem Cells (UCSCs). This research aimed to compare the expression of ALDH1A1 gene in ASCs and UCSCs relatively towards ALDH+ Breast CSCs (BCSCs).

Method: A one-step qRT-PCR was done to detect the mRNA levels of ALDH1A1 gene in the RNA extraction of ASCs, UCSCs, and BCSCs. The PCR result was analyzed into relative expression with BCSCs, after being normalized with housekeeping 18S gene.

Results: The expression of ALDH1A1 was found to be significantly higher in ASCs than UCSCs, relatively. Furthermore, ALDH1A1 gene was expressed lower in MSCs than BCSCs.

Conclusion: ASCs are discovered to be better in pluripotent capability than UCSCs in the aspect of ALDH1A1. This finding signifies the specific role of ALDH1A1, resulting in contribution of differentiation and proliferative capability to ASCs.

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"Latar Belakang: Kadar Soluble Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) dan Soluble Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (sICAM-1) diketahui meningkat pada pasien dengan stenosis mitral (SM). Namun, apakah kenaikan tersebut disebabkan oleh proses reumatik yang aktif ataukah karena pengaruh hemodinamik SM masih belum diketahui dengan jelas.Tujuan: Meneliti pengaruh tingkat keparahan SM pada kadar sVCAM-1 dan sICAM-1Metode: Penelitian ini berdesain potong lintang. Subjek penelitian dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok, yaitu kelompok kontrol normal, kelompok pasien yang akan menjalani Komisurotomi Mitral Transvena Perkutan (kelompok pre KMTP), dan kelompok pasca KMTP ≥ 1 tahun. Dilakukan pemeriksaan kadar sVCAM-1 dan sICAM-1 pada ketiga kelompok tersebut, dan pemeriksaan ekokardiografi untuk menilai tingkat keparahan katup mitral (Mitral Valve Area (MVA) mean Mitral Valve Gradient (mMVG), Tricuspid Valve Gradient (TVG), mean Pulmonary Artery Pressure (mPAP) dan Left Atrial Volume Index (LAVI)) pada kelompok pre KMTP dan kelompok pasca KMTP ≥ 1 tahun.Hasil: Didapatkan 23 orang kontrol normal, 26 pasien kelompok pre KMTP, dan 27 pasien kelompok pasca KMTP ≥ 1 tahun.. Kadar sVCAM-1 dan sICAM-1 pada kelompok pasien dengan SM (kelompok pre dan pasca KMTP ≥ 1 tahun) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kontrol normal (536,87 ± 251,68 ng/ml vs 536,87 ± 149,22 ng/ml; p<0,001 dan 270,04 ± 111,67 ng/ml vs 216,43 ± 50,60 ng/ml; p=0,006). Namun tidak didapatkan perbedaan kadar sVCAM-1 dan sICAM-1 antara kelompok pre KMTP dengan kelompok pasca KMTP ≥ 1 tahun (854,67 ± 227,26 ng/ml vs 809,22 ± 275,63 ng/ml; p=0,515 dan 279,98 ± 114,39 ng/ml vs 260,49 ± 110,38 ng/ml; p=0,539) . Tidak didapatkan hubungan antara tingkat keparahan katup mitral (MVA, mMVG, TVG, mPAP dan LAVI) dengan kadar sVCAM-1 dan sICAM-1 (p>0,05).Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan antar tingkat keparahan katup mitral dengan kadar kadar sVCAM-1 dan sICAM-1

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Background: Blood Soluble Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) and Soluble Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (sICAM-1) levels are increased in Mitral Stenosis (MS) patients, but whether this phenomenon is due to chronic rheumatic inflammation process or because of hemodynamic effect of mitral stenosis severity is not clear yet.

Objective: This research aims to study the effect of mitral stenosis severity on blood sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 levels.

Method: This study is a cross sectional study. Research subjects were divided into 3 groups: control patients, pre BMV (Baloon Mitral Valvulotomy) group, and post BMV group (patients who have already undergone BMV for ≥ 1year). Blood sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 were measured using quantitative sandwich immunoassay method in all groups, and echocardiographic study to evaluate MS severity (MVA (Mitral Valve Area), mMVG (mean Mitral Valve gradient), TVG (Tricuspid Valve Gradient), mPAP (mean Pulmonary Artery Pressure), and LAVI (Left Atrial Volume Index) measurements were performed to pre BMV and post BMV group at the same day with the blood sample collections.

Results: There were 23 normal subjects, 26 patients in pre BMV group, and 27 patients in post BMV group. The sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 levels in patients with MS (pre BMV and post BMV group) were higher than normal control subjects (536,87 ± 251,68 ng/ml vs 536,87 ± 149,22 ng/ml; p<0,001 and 270,04 ± 111,67 ng/ml vs 216,43 ± 50,60 ng/ml; p=0,006), meanwhile there were no differences of sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 levels between pre BMV and post BMV group (854,67 ± 227,26 ng/ml vs 809,22 ± 275,63 ng/ml; p=0,515 dan 279,98 ± 114,39 ng/ml vs 260,49 ± 110,38 ng/ml; p=0,539). There were also no significant correlation between mitral stenosis severity (MVA, mMVG, TVG, mPAP dan LAVI) with sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 levels (p>0,05).

Conclusion: There were no correlation between mitral stenosis severity with blood sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 levels."

"LATAR BELAKANG: Hipertensi merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang turut berperan dalam peningkatan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas stroke, gagal jantung dan gagal ginjal. Morbiditas dan mortalitas hipertensi meningkat dengan makin banyaknya faktor risiko yang dimiliki, makin tinggi tekanan darah dan makin lama seseorang menderita hipertensi. Sampai saat ini mekanisme pasti terjadinya hipertensi belum jelas. Belakangan ini disfungsi endotel juga dikaitkan dengan hipertensi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan gambaran kadar sVCAM-1 dan MAU, membuktikan adanya hubungan antara kadar sVCAM-1 dan MAU, menganalisis pengaruh usia, gender, obesitas, terkendali tidaknya hipertensi, lama sakit dan kadar kolesterol terhadap kadar sVCAM-1 dan MAU pada penderita hipertensi primer.BAHAN DAN METOPE: Penelitian ini menggunakan 65 subyek non diabetik dengan kadar hs-CRP < 5 mgIL dan protein win < 3+. Dilakukan pemeriksaan kadar sVCAM-1, K-LDL, albumin dan kreatinin urin terhadap subyek dengan protein win negatif atau trace, sedangkan subyek dengan protein urin 1+ atau 2+ hanya dilakukan pemeriksaan kadar sVCAM-1 dan K LDL. Penetapan kadar sVCAM-1 berdasarkan prinsip quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay, penetapan kadar K-LDL berdasarkan prinsip enzimatik homogen, penetapan kadar albumin urin berdasarkan prinsip imunoturbidimetri, penetapan kreatinin urin berdasarkan metode kinetik Jaffe dan MAU dinyatakan dengan rasio albumin 1 kreatinin urin.HASIL: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan proporsi kadar sVCAM-1 tinggi sebesar 81,5 % dan MAU 27,7 %. Kadar sVCAM-1 tinggi dan MAU lebih banyak dijumpai pada subyek tua, lelaki, hipertensi tak terkendali, lama sakit > 10 tahun dan obese. Dari hasil analisis multivariat derigail regresi rr ultipel, Adak didapatkan korelasi -yang bermakna antara kadar sVCAM-1 dengangender dan lama sakit namun didapatkan korelasi yang bermakna antara kadar sVCAM-1 dengan usia, MAP dan K-LDL. Hubungan tersebut dapat digambarkan melalui suatu persamaan yaitu kadar sVCAM-1 = 175 + 9,7 x usia (tahun) + 5,9 x MAP (mmHg) -- 2,9 x kadar K-LDL (rngldL) dengan nilai R2 adjusted sebesar 23,1 %. Tidak didapatkan korelasi yang bermakna antara MAU dengan usia, gender, MAP. 1MT, lama sakit dan K-LDL.Tidak didapatkan korelasi yang bermakna antara kadar sVCAM-1 dan rasio A 1 K.KESIMPULAN: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini didapatkan proporsi kadar sVCAM-1 tinggi 81,5 % dan MAU 27,7 %. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pada penderita hipertensi primer telah terjadi disfungsi endotel. Dari analisis multivariat menunjukkan kadar sVCAM-1 berkorelasi dengan usia, MAP dan K-LDL, sedangkan MAU tidak berkorelasi dengan variabel tersebut. Kadar sVCAM-1 tidak berkorelasi dengan MAU.

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Hypertension is a health problem which contributes in the increase morbidity and mortality of stroke, heart failure, and renal failure. The morbidity and mortality of hypertension were influenced by various risk factors, the height of blood pressure and the lenght of illness. The mechanism of hypertension up to now remains unclear. Recently, endothelial dysfunction has been associated with hypertension. The aims of this study were to obtain the level of sVCAM-1 and microalbuminuria (MAU) in primary hypertension, to analyse the relationship between sVCAM-1 level and MAU, to analyse the influences of age, gender, obesity, control of hypertension, length of illness, and the level of LDL cholesterol on sVCAM-1 level and MAU.

Sixty five non diabetic subjects with hs-CRP level < 5 mg/L and protein urine < 3 + were enrolled in this cross sectional study. The level of sVCAM-1 were performed on all subjects by ELISA using reagents from R&D system, while MAU was determined by calculated the albumin : creatinine ratio in the urine. The level of LDL cholesterol was performed by homogenous enzymatic assay.

The results indicated that the proportion of increase of sVCAM-1 level was 81.5% and MAU was 27.7% in primary hypertension. Increase of sVCAM-1 level and MAU were found more frequently in older subjects, male, uncontrolled hypertension, length of illness more than 10 years, and obese subject. The results of multivariate analysis with multiple regression showed that sVCAM-1 level significantly correlated with age, mean arterial pressure (MAP), and LDL cholesterol level, but did not correlate with gender, and length of illness. The relationship could be formulated as: sVCAM-1 level = 175 + 9.7 x age (years) + 5.9 x MAP ( mm Hg) -- 2.9 x LDL cholesterol level (mgldL) with R2 adjusted 23.1%. There were no correlation between MAU with age, gender, MAP, obesity, ienght of illness, and LDL cholesterol level. The level of sVCAM-1 did not correlate with albumin:creatinine urine ratio (MAU).

Based on high proportion of increased sVCAM-1 and MAU, it is concluded that endothelial dysfunction occur in primary hypertension. The level of sVCAM-1 significantly correlates with age, MAP, and LDL cholesterol level, while MAU does not correlate with these variables. There is no correlation between sVCAM-1 level and MAU."

"ABSTRACTThe aim of this prospective multi center registry was to evaluate the safety and clinical performance of INTERCEED® in laparoscopic colorectal surgery.MethodsThis study was a prospective, multi center, single arm registry wherein patients who received INTERCEED® in laparoscopic colorectal surgery were registered consecutively (UMIN CTR 00001872). The primary outcome was the incidence rate of postoperative adhesive small intestinal obstruction within 6 months. The secondary outcomes were reoperation related to postoperative bleeding and anastomotic leak, surgical site infection (SSI) and anastomotic leak.ResultsBetween March 2012 and March 2015, a total of 202 patients were enrolled from six institutions. INTERCEED® was not applied in two patients, so 200 patients were analyzed using the full analysis set population. The incidence rate of postoperative adhesive intestinal obstruction was 1,0% (2/200). The total SSI rate was 3,5% (7/200), the deep incisional SSI rate was 0,0% (0/200), and the organ SSI rate was 0,0% (0/200). The incidence of anastomotic leak was 1,0% (2/200). Reoperation was performed in two cases: one for anastomotic leak and the other as cardiac surgery due to heart disease.ConclusionsUsing INTERCEED® in laparoscopic colorectal surgery is safe and may be useful for preventing postoperative adhesive small intestinal obstruction."

"Latar Belakang: Komplikasi kardiovaskular yang disebabkan oleh disfungsi endotel menjadi salah satu penyebab mortalitas yang cukup tinggi pada pasien Artritis Reumatoid AR. Faktor Reumatoid RF merupakan autoantibodi yang sering dijumpai pada AR dan diduga dapat meningkatkan respon inflamasi dan disfungsi endotel. Sindroma metabolik dapat pula meningkatkan disfungsi endotel. Belum ada studi yang menilai korelasi RF dengan disfungsi endotel pada pasien AR tanpa sindroma metabolik.Tujuan: Mengetahui korelasi antara kadar RF dengan kadar VCAM-1 pada pasien AR tanpa sindroma metabolik.Metode: Penelitian desain potong lintang terhadap pasien AR dewasa yang berobat di Poliklinik Reumatologi RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo tanpa sindroma metabolik. Pengumpulan data dilakukan sejak Februari hingga Maret 2018 dari data penelitian sebelumnya yang diambil periode Februari 2016 hingga September 2017. Kadar RF dan VCAM-1 dinilai melalui pemeriksaan serum darah dengan metode ELISA. Analisis korelasi antar kedua variabel dibuat dengan SPSS 20,0.Hasil: Sebanyak 46 subjek diikutsertakan dalam penelitian ini. Sebagian besar 95,7 subjek adalah perempuan dengan rerata usia 44,43 tahun, median lama sakit 36 bulan, dan sebagian besar memiliki derajat aktivitas sedang 52,2. sebagian besar pasien memiliki RF positif 63. Korelasi antara kadar RF dengan kadar VCAM-1 memiliki kekuatan korelasi yang lemah tetapi tidak bermakna secara statistik r = 0,264; p = 0,076 . Subjek dengan RF positif memiliki kadar VCAM-1 yang lebih tinggi 626,89 vs 540,96 ng/mL. Simpulan: Belum terdapat korelasi antara RF dengan VCAM-1 pada pasien Artritis Reumatoid tanpa sindroma metabolik.

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Background: Cardiovascular complications caused by endothelial dysfunction become one of the highest causes of mortality in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis RA . Rheumatoid Factor RF is an autoantibody that is commonly found in RA and is thought to increase the inflammatory response and endothelial dysfunction. Metabolic syndrome may also increase endothelial dysfunction. There have been no studies assessing correlation between RF and endothelial dysfunction in RA patients without metabolic syndrome.Aim: To determine the correlation between RF levels with VCAM-1 levels in RA patients without metabolic syndrome.Method: Cross sectional design study of adult AR patients treated in Rheumatology Polyclinic of Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital without metabolic syndrome. Data collection was conducted from February to March 2018 from the previous research data taken from February 2016 to September 2017. The levels of RF and VCAM-1 were assessed through blood serum testing using the ELISA method. Correlation analysis between the two variables was made with SPSS 20.0 for windows version.Results: A total of 46 subjects were included in the study. Most 95.7 subjects were women with an average age of 44.43 years, median duration of 36 months, and most had moderate activity 52.2. Most patients had a positive RF 63. The correlation between RF levels and VCAM-1 levels had a weak correlation strength but was not statistically significant r = 0.264; p = 0.076. Subjects with RF positive had higher VCAM-1 levels 626.89 vs 540.96 ng/mL.Conclusion: We did not found correlation between RF and VCAM-1 in Rheumatoid Arthritis patients without metabolic syndrome."

"Latar belakang. Timbulnya stasis darah dan pembesaran atrium kiri menyebabkan peningkatan angka kejadian trombus di atrium kiri dan apendiks atrium kiri (Left Atrial Appendage-LAA) pada SM. Diameter atrium kiri yang membesar disebutkan sebagai faktor terjadinya pembentukan LASEC dan meningkatkan angka kejadian tromboemboli. Selain itu adanya stasis darah yang dibuktikan dengan penurunan ejeksi fraksi LAA dan kecepatan aliran darah LAA dapat mencetuskan timbulnya trombus. Perubahan moluker adhesi sICAM-1 dan sVCAM-1 berhubungan dengan kejadian tromboemboli. Tetapi apakah terdapat hubungan antara peran hemodinamik, terutama terhadap diameter, fraksi ejeksi dan kecepatan aliran darah pada LAA dengan kadar molekul adhesi seperti sICAM-1 dan sVCAM-1 belum terjawab. Metode. Pasien SM derajat sedang-berat (tanpa adanya regurgitasi mitral signifikan) yang menjalani pemeriksan ekokardiografi transesofageal diikutsertakan secara konsekutif sejak Januari-April 2014. Penilaian fungsi apendiks atrium kiri dilakukan dengan pemeriksaan transesofageal ekokardiografi. Kadar sICAM-1 dan sVCAM-1 dari vena perifer diukur dengan teknik enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Hasil. Sebanyak 26 subyek penelitian dengan rerata usia 38,92±11,93 tahun, 65,3% berjenis kelamin perempuan, dan 46,1% memiliki irama fibrilasi atrium. Dengan sampel tersebut, didapatkan tidak ada hubungan antara komponen fungsi apendiks atrium kiri, baik diameter, ejeksi fraksi, dan kecepatan aliran darah LAA dengan kadar sICAM-1. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara fungsi LAA pada variabel diameter dengan kadar sVCAM-1. Terdapat hubungan terbalik antara ejeksi fraksi LAA dengan kadar sVCAM-1 (-0,21, p=0.038, 95%KI -0,41- -0,01) dan hubungan terbalik antara kecepatan aliran darah LAA dengan kadar sVCAM-1 (-0,29, p=0,048, 95%KI -0,59- -0,003). Kesimpulan. Semakin rendah ejeksi fraksi dan kecepatan aliran darah LAA maka semakin tinggi kadar sVCAM-1.

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Background: Blood stasis and left atrial enlargement increase the incidence of thrombus in the left atrium and left atrial appendage (LAA). Enlargement of left atrial diameter is a factor for LASEC formation and increase the incidence of thromboembolism. Blood stasis which evidenced by a decrease in ejection fraction and LAA blood flow velocity can trigger the presence of thrombus. Changes in soluble adhesion molecules sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 associated with thromboembolic events. But relationship between the role of hemodynamics, especially the ejection fraction and blood flow velocity in the LAA with the levels of adhesion molecules such as sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 is not well understood.

Methods: Patient with moderate-severe Mitral Stenosis (in the absence of significant mitral regurgitation) underwent transesophageal echocardiography from January to April 2014. Levels of sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 from peripheral vein were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent technique assay.

Results: A total of 26 subjects with a mean age of 38.92 ± 11.93 years, 65.3% female, and 46.1% had atrial fibrillation. We found no association between components of left atrial appendage function: diameter, ejection fraction and blood flow velocity of LAA with sICAM-1 levels. There was no relationship between the LAA function in the variable diameter of LAA with sVCAM-1 levels. There is an inverse relationship between ejection fraction of LAA and levels of sVCAM-1 (-0.21, p = 0.038, 95% KI -0,41- -0,01) and an inverse association between LAA blood flow velocity and levels of sVCAM-1 (-0 , 29, p = 0.048, 95% KI -0.59 - 0.003).

Conclusion: Low ejection fraction of LAA is associated with higher the levels of sVCAM-1. Low LAA blood flow velocity is associated with higher the levels of sVCAM-1."

"In this volume, a group of internationally recognized experts reviews AJ biology over a wide range of organization, from atoms to molecules, to protein complexes, molecular networks, cells, tissues, and overall animal development. AJs have also been an integral part of animal evolution, and play central roles in cancer development, pathogen infection and other diseases. This book addresses major questions encompassing AJ biology. How did AJs evolve? How do cadherins and catenins interact to assemble AJs and mediate adhesion? How do AJs interface with other cellular machinery to couple adhesion with the whole cell? How do AJs affect cell behaviour and multicellular development? How can abnormal AJ activity lead to disease?"