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"* Written for an introductory course in cell and molecular biology, this text elaborates on fundamental concepts, such as the relationship between molecular structure and function, the use of chemical energy in operating cellular activities, and the observed unity and diversity at macromolecular and cellular levels."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perbedaan nilai mAgNOR antara kelompok perokok kretek dan bukan perokok dan mengetahui hubungan karakteristik perokok dengan nilai mAgNOR. Metode penelitian analitik komparatif dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Pengambilan spesimen menggunakan sikat oral pada mukosa bukal tampak normal dari 21 laki-laki usia 26-35 tahun pada masing-masing kelompok. Hasilnya, nilai mAgNOR pada kelompok perokok kretek (2,9543±0,35537) lebih tinggi daripada kelompok bukan perokok (2,6971±0,43732), secara statistik signifikan. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara nilai mAgNOR dengan karakteristik intensitas merokok, lama tahun kebiasaan merokok dan lama terpapar rokok. Terdapat hubungan antara mAgNOR dengan karakteristik lama menghabiskan 1 batang rokok (p=0,030, r=0,475).

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ABSTRACTThe aim of this study is to determine the difference between mAgNOR counts of kretek smokers and nonsmokers, and determine the relationship of smokers characterstics with mAgNOR counts. This comparative analytical research with cross sectional approach. Specimen using oral brush on the buccal mucosa appears normal of 21 men aged 26-35 years old in each group. As a result, mAgNOR counts of the smokers group (2,9543±0,35537) is higher than nonsmokers group (2,6971±0,43732), statistically significant. There was no correlation between mAgNOR counts with intensity of smoking, years and exposure time to kretek smoke. There was a correlation between mAgNOR counts with timing spend per smoke (p=0,030, r=0,475)."