Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Buku yang berjudul "American drug index 1975" ini ditulis oleh Charles O. Wilson dan Tony E. Jones. Buku ini berisikan penjelasan mengenai obat-obatan."

"Buku yang berjudul "Modern drug encyclopedia and therapeutic index" ini merupakan sebuah buku ensiklopedia yang berisikan daftar obat-obatan modern."

"ABSTRACTBackground: antiretroviral drug-related liver injury (ARLI) is a drug-induced hepatotoxicity due to antiretroviral medication (ARV). It commonly disrupts compliance to treatment and causes treatment discontinuation in HIV-infected patients. Several studies have been conducted on predisposing factors for ARLI including studies on body mass index (BMI) and cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4). The association of BMI and CD4 with ARLI remains controversial as previous studies have demonstrated different outcomes. Our study was conducted to identify the association of low baseline BMI and CD4 cell count as risk factors for ARLI in HIV-infected patients. Methods: this is a cross-sectional study. Subjects were 75 patients with HIV-AIDS who received ARV therapy using fixed-dose combination (tenofovir, lamivudine, efavirenz) at the Teratai HIV outpatient clinic of Hasan Sadikin Hospital in Bandung city. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) test was performed prior to starting ARV treatment and the test was repeated on the sixth month of therapy. Results: there was no significant difference on the proportion of low baseline CD4 count between ARLI and non-ARLI group (p=0.155). Bivariate analysis demonstrated that regarding the proportion of low baseline BMI, there was a significant difference between ARLI and non-ARLI group (p= 0.001). Multivariate analysis using logistic regression showed that BMI of < 18.5 kg/m2 increased the risk for developing ARLI by 5.53 fold; while CD4 cell count of < 200 cells/µL did not the risk. Conclusion: our study indicates that low baseline BMI may increase the risk for developing ARLI; while low baseline CD4 cell count does not; therefore, we suggest that ALT test should be performed on a routine basis among HIV-AIDS patients for early detection of ARLI, particularly in patients with low BMI."

"Kawasan Amerika Latin umumnya merupakan kawasan yang sedang berkembang. Perkembangan perdagangan merupakan salah satu hal penting yang tak dapat dilepaskan dari aspek perekonomian kawasan tersebut. Walaupun perekonomian mereka masih tidak sebesar perekonomian negara-negara Asia seperti Cina, India, dan Indonesia,namun mereka mempunyai indeks HDI yang lebih tinggi dibanding negara-negara tersebut. Paper ini bertujuan untuk meneliti bagaimana dampak perdagangan terhadap indeks HDI negara-negara Amerika Latin. Sampel yang digunakan adalah 10 negara Amerika Latin pada periode 205-2010. Variabel dependenya adalah indeks HDI tersebut sementara variabel-varibel independenya adalah ekspor, impor, investasi luar negeri net inflow, Labor Force Participation age 15-24, dan precentage of health expenditure from goverment efpenditure. Regresi Panel data digunakan untuk mengobservasi sampel secara berulang-ulang disamping menggunakan metode OLS. Hasil penelitian adalah bahwa perdagangan berkorelasi secara positif dan mempengaruhi HDI melalui GDP per kapita.

---

Latin American region in general is an area that is growing. The development of trade is one of the important things that can?t be removed from the aspect of the region's economy. Although their economies are still not as big as the economy of the Asian countries such as China, India, and Indonesia, but they have HDI indices were higher than these countries. This paper aims to examine how the impact of trade on the HDI index of Latin American countries. The samples used were 10 Latin American countries in the period 205-2010. The Dependent variable is the index of the HDI while the independent variables are exports, imports, foreign direct investment net inflow, Labor Force Participation age 15-24, and the percentage of health expenditure from government expenditure. Panel regression of the data used to observe the sample repeatedly in addition to using OLS. Results of the study is that trade is positively correlated and affect the HDI by GDP per capita."