Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"This milestones in drug therapy volume describes the history, chemistry, mechanisms of action and resistance, preclinical and clinical use, pharmacokinetics and safety and tolerability of the current range of antimalarial drugs. There is particular emphasis on artemisinins and related peroxides, as these drugs have now become the frontline treatment for malaria. Next generation antimalarials, molecular markers for detecting resistance, the importance of diagnostics and disease prevention are also covered in detail."

"Globalisasi, sebagai sebuah proses yang telah mengubah isu kesehatan menjadi masalah global, memicu perkembangan kajian tata kelola kesehatan global dalam Ilmu Hubungan Internasional. Karakter tata kelola kesehatan global yang multisektor dan multiaktor membuat kerja sama kesehatan tidak lagi eksklusif milik World Health Organization (WHO). Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memetakan perkembangan literatur akademis mengenai peran WHO dalam dua dekade terakhir. Tulisan ini berusaha memahami bagaimana literatur menjelaskan dinamika peran WHO dalam menghadapi tantangan kesehatan baru di tengah perubahan lanskap tata kelola kesehatan global. Dengan menggunakan metode tipologi, tulisan ini mengidentifikasi dua fenomena: pertama, peran WHO dalam menghadapi krisis kesehatan global; dan kedua, posisi WHO di tengah institusi kesehatan global lain. Pada fenomena pertama, mayoritas literatur menilai power dan political willingness negara dalam mematuhi WHO, otoritas WHO yang terbatas, dan mekanisme pendanaan WHO menjadi faktor penyebab penurunan peran organisasi sejak revisi International Health Regulation (IHR) tahun 2005. Pada fenomena kedua, mayoritas literatur menilai legitimasi dan normative power WHO sebagai keunggulan yang menjadikan organisasi ini tetap relevan sebagai aktor kunci dan aktor utama dalam tata kelola dan kerja sama kesehatan global. Tulisan ini menyimpulkan bahwa dinamika peran WHO dalam tata kelola kesehatan global merupakan manifestasi adaptasi organisasi terhadap dinamika politik. Tulisan ini mengidentifikasi beberapa temuan dan celah dalam literatur. Pertama, literatur mengenai peran WHO didominasi oleh pendekatan principal-agent dan legal. Kedua, literatur memberikan perhatian besar pada topik krisis kesehatan global yang berupa penyakit menular, namun jarang membahas topik penyakit tidak menular serta program kesehatan penting lain. Ketiga, literatur yang ditulis dalam satu dekade terakhir fokus pada kritik bagi kegagalan organisasi. Keempat, aspek multisektor dan multiaktor dalam tata kelola kesehatan global masih belum dibahas secara mendalam. Kelima, tulisan akademis yang membahas peran WHO dalam menghadapi COVID-19 masih terbatas.

---

Globalization, as a process that turned health issues into global problems, has triggered the development of global health governance study in International Relations. The multi-sector and multi-actor characteristics of global health governance make health cooperation no longer exclusively owned by World Health Organization (WHO). This paper aims to map the development of academic literature on the role of WHO in the last 2 decades. This paper seeks to understand how the literature explains the role of WHO in dealing with emerging health challenges amidst the changing landscape of global health governance. Using the typology method, this paper identifies two phenomena: first, WHO's role in dealing with global health crises; and second, WHO's position among other global health institutions. Regarding the first phenomenon, the majority of literature focuses on the power and political willingness of member states in complying with WHO’s regulations and recommendations, limited WHO’s authority, and WHO’s funding mechanism as factors which lead to the declining role of WHO since the revision of International Health Regulation (IHR) in 2005. Regarding the second phenomenon, the majority of literature finds that the legitimacy and normative power of WHO are the advantages that make the organization remain relevant as the key and prime actor in global health governance and cooperation. This paper concludes that the dynamic role of WHO in global health governance is a manifestation of its adaptation to global political dynamics. This paper also identifies several findings and gaps in the literature. First, the literature on the role of WHO is dominated by principal-agent and legal approaches. Second, the literature pays great attention to health crisis issues in the form of communicable diseases, but rarely discusses non-communicable diseases and other critical health programmes. Third, the literature written in the last decade focuses on criticisms regarding WHO’s organizational failure. Fourth, the multi-sector and multi-actor aspects of global health governance have not yet been discussed in depth. Fifth, the academic writings discussing the role of WHO in facing COVID-19 are still limited."

"Understanding global health economics and policy has never been so important. This remarkable three-volume collection of chapters is sure to become the standard on health economics and health policy around the world.'David CutlerOtto Eckstein Professor of Applied EconomicsHarvard UniversityThis Handbook covers major topics in global health economics and public policy and provides a timely, systematic review of the field. Edited by Richard M Scheffler, Distinguished Professor of Health Economics and Public Policy and Director of the Global Center for Health Economics and Policy Research at the University of California, Berkeley, the Handbook features academics and practitioners from more than a dozen countries. Contributors are from the London School of Economics and Political Science, Pompeu Fabra University in Barcelona, University of York, University of Oslo, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University of California - Berkeley, Stanford University, Johns Hopkins University, University of Toronto, University of Oxford, Harvard Medical School, OECD, the World Health Organization and the World Bank, many of whom have also acted as economic and policy advisors to government and non-governmental organizations across the world. Experts in these areas who provide critical analyses and relevant data for further exploration and research include: Thomas E Getzen, Executive Director of the International Health Economics Association (iHEA); Douglas E Hough, Associate Scientist and Associate Director of the Master in Healthcare Management programme at the Bloomberg School of Public Health of John Hopkins University; Guillem López-Casasnovas, former President of iHEA and member of the Advisory Council of the Spanish Health and Social Welfare Ministry and of the Advisory Council of the Catalan Health Ministry since 1984; Alistair McGuire, Professor of Health Economics at the London School of Economics and Political and advisor to a number of governments and governmental bodies across Europe; Tor Iversen, Research Director at the Health Economics Research Programme at the University of Oslo and former member of the iHEA Arrow Award Committee 2007-2011; William H Dow, Professor and Associate Dean for Research at University of California ,Berkeley and former Senior Economist for the Council of Economic Advisors (White House); Audrey Laporte, the Director of the Canadian Centre for Health Economics; Alexander S Preker, President and CEO of Health Investment & Financing Corporation; Ayda Yurekli, who initiated and developed the World Health Organization TaXSiM simulation model that has been used by many Ministries of Finance around the world for the development of tax policies; Marko Vujicic, Managing Vice President of the Health Policy Resources Center at the American Dental Association; Mark Sculpher, Director of the Programme on Economic Evaluation and Health Technology Assessment at the University of York and former President of the International Society of Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) (2011-2012); and Peter Berman, who has had almost 40 years of experience in global health and was formerly a Lead Health Economist at the World Bank. The Handbook spans across three volumes. The chapters deal with key global issues in health economics, are evidence-based, and offer innovative policy alternatives and solutions. The Handbook's approach toward global health economics and public policy will make it a useful resource for health economists, policymakers, private sector companies, NGOs, government decision-makers and those who manage healthcare systems."

"Understanding global health economics and policy has never been so important. This remarkable three-volume collection of chapters is sure to become the standard on health economics and health policy around the world.'David CutlerOtto Eckstein Professor of Applied EconomicsHarvard UniversityThis Handbook covers major topics in global health economics and public policy and provides a timely, systematic review of the field. Edited by Richard M Scheffler, Distinguished Professor of Health Economics and Public Policy and Director of the Global Center for Health Economics and Policy Research at the University of California, Berkeley, the Handbook features academics and practitioners from more than a dozen countries. Contributors are from the London School of Economics and Political Science, Pompeu Fabra University in Barcelona, University of York, University of Oslo, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University of California - Berkeley, Stanford University, Johns Hopkins University, University of Toronto, University of Oxford, Harvard Medical School, OECD, the World Health Organization and the World Bank, many of whom have also acted as economic and policy advisors to government and non-governmental organizations across the world. Experts in these areas who provide critical analyses and relevant data for further exploration and research include: Thomas E Getzen, Executive Director of the International Health Economics Association (iHEA); Douglas E Hough, Associate Scientist and Associate Director of the Master in Healthcare Management programme at the Bloomberg School of Public Health of John Hopkins University; Guillem López-Casasnovas, former President of iHEA and member of the Advisory Council of the Spanish Health and Social Welfare Ministry and of the Advisory Council of the Catalan Health Ministry since 1984; Alistair McGuire, Professor of Health Economics at the London School of Economics and Political and advisor to a number of governments and governmental bodies across Europe; Tor Iversen, Research Director at the Health Economics Research Programme at the University of Oslo and former member of the iHEA Arrow Award Committee 2007-2011; William H Dow, Professor and Associate Dean for Research at University of California ,Berkeley and former Senior Economist for the Council of Economic Advisors (White House); Audrey Laporte, the Director of the Canadian Centre for Health Economics; Alexander S Preker, President and CEO of Health Investment & Financing Corporation; Ayda Yurekli, who initiated and developed the World Health Organization TaXSiM simulation model that has been used by many Ministries of Finance around the world for the development of tax policies; Marko Vujicic, Managing Vice President of the Health Policy Resources Center at the American Dental Association; Mark Sculpher, Director of the Programme on Economic Evaluation and Health Technology Assessment at the University of York and former President of the International Society of Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) (2011-2012); and Peter Berman, who has had almost 40 years of experience in global health and was formerly a Lead Health Economist at the World Bank. The Handbook spans across three volumes. The chapters deal with key global issues in health economics, are evidence-based, and offer innovative policy alternatives and solutions. The Handbook's approach toward global health economics and public policy will make it a useful resource for health economists, policymakers, private sector companies, NGOs, government decision-makers and those who manage healthcare systems."