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Theresia Rina Yunita
Aktivitas antimalaria ekstrak sambiloto (andrographis panniculata berm. F) pada mencit yang diinfeksi plasmodium berghei in vivo : analisis mda dan aktivitas katalase pada hati = Antioxidant activity of (andrographis panniculata burm. F) nees extracts through malondialdehyde and catalase levels in plasmodium berghei infected mice
"ABSTRAK
Pendahuluan: Sambiloto atau Andrographis panniculata merupakan sebuah
tanaman herbal yang memiliki khasiat sebagai antimalaria dengan cara
meningkatkan kerja antioksidan dalam tubuh. Hati merupakan salah satu tempat
terjadinya fase perkembangan Plasmodium pada penyakit malaria. Penelitian ini
bertujuan untuk menganalisis aktivitas antimalaria dari Ekstrak Etanol Sambiloto
(EES) pada mencit yang diiinfeksi Plasmodium berghei secara in vivo melalu
pengukuran kadar MDA dan aktivitas spesifik katalase jaringan hati.
Metode: Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental in vivo
menggunakan hewan coba mencit Balb/c. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan
mengelompokkan mencit ke dalam empat kelompok yaitu kelompok kontrol yang
tidak diberi perlakuan, kelompok I yang diinduksi Plasmodium berghei tetapi
tidak diterapi, kelompok II yang diinduksi Plasmodium berghei dan diberi EES 2
mg/kgBB serta kelompok III yang diinduksi Plasmodium berghei dan diberi
klorokuin 10 mg/kgBB selama 3 hari. Analisis kadar MDA dilakukan dengan
metode Wills dan aktivitas spesifik katalase dengan metode Mates et al.
Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadi penurunan kadar MDA yang tidak
signifikan pada mencit yang diinfeksi dengan Plasmodium berghei dan diberi
ekstrak etanol sambiloto (EES) 2 mg/kgBB dibandingkan dengan kontrol negatif
(66.49 ± 22,92 vs 69.40 ± 11,69 nmol/g jaringan hati). Namun pada kelompok
yang diberi perlakuan klorokuin juga terlihat penurunan kadar MDA yang tidak
signifikan dibandingkan dengan kontrol negatif (67.49 ± 7,04 vs 69.40 ± 11,69
nmol/g jaringan hati). Sedangkan aktivitas spesifik katalase kelompok yang diberi
EES menunjukkan peningkatan yang tidak berbeda bermakna dibandingkan
dengan kelompok kontrol (2,73 ± 0,59 vs 3,73 ± 1.56 Unit/mg jaringan hati).
Begitupula dengan klorokuin yang menunjukkan peningkatan aktivitas spesifik
katalase yang tidak berbeda bermakna dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol
(2,97 ± 1,53 vs 3,73 ± 1.56).
Kesimpulan: Pada kelompok dengan pemberian EES 2 mg/kgBB terjadi
penurunan kadar MDA serta peningkatan aktivitas spesifik katalase jaringan hati
mencit dibandingkan dengan kelompok negatif, tetapi secara statistik tidak
bermakna demikian pula dengan kelompok yang diberi klorokuin.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Andrographis panniculata or Sambiloto is a herbal plant that has
antimalarial efficacy by increasing antioxidant in body. Liver is one of the places
for Plasmodium to develop themselves in malaria. This research aims to analyze
the activity of antimalarial from Sambiloto Ethanol Extract (SEE) in mice which
infected by Plasmodium berghei in vivo through the measurement of MDA level
and the specific activity of catalase in liver tissue.
Method: We used experimental in vivo as the reserach design, using balb/c. The
research design is done by grouping the mices into four groups which of the
untreated group, group I-induced by Plasmodium berghei but not treated, group
II-induced Plasmodium berghei and treated with SEE 2 mg/kg Body weight,
group III-induced Plasmodium berghei and treated with chloroquine with 10
mg/kg Body weight in three days. The MDA level analyze is done by the Wills
method and the specific activity of catalase with Mates et al method.
Result: The research result showed the decrease of MDA level which not
significant in mice that is infected by Plasmodium berghei and treated by SEE 2
mg/ kg BW compared to negative control (66.49 ± 22,92 vs 69.40 ± 11,69 nmol/g
liver tissue). However, group that is infected by Plasmodium berghei and treated
by chloroquine also showed the decrease of MDA level which not significant
compared the negative control (67.49 ± 7,04 vs 69.40 ± 11,69 nmol/g liver tissue).
Instead, group which treated by SEE showed the increase in specific activity of
catalase compared with control (2,73 ± 0,59 vs 3,73 ± 1.56 Unit/mg liver tissue).
Similarly with chloroquine group which showed an increase in specific activity of
catalase were not significantly different compared with the control group (2.97 ±
1.53 vs 3.73 ± 1.56 Unit/mg liver tissue).
Conclusion: Group that treated with SEE 2 mg/kg Body weight showed decrease
of MDA level and also the increase of catalase specific activity in mice liver tissue
compared negative control, but statistically not significant as well as the group
given chloroquine;Introduction: Andrographis panniculata or Sambiloto is a herbal plant that has
antimalarial efficacy by increasing antioxidant in body. Liver is one of the places
for Plasmodium to develop themselves in malaria. This research aims to analyze
the activity of antimalarial from Sambiloto Ethanol Extract (SEE) in mice which
infected by Plasmodium berghei in vivo through the measurement of MDA level
and the specific activity of catalase in liver tissue.
Method: We used experimental in vivo as the reserach design, using balb/c. The
research design is done by grouping the mices into four groups which of the
untreated group, group I-induced by Plasmodium berghei but not treated, group
II-induced Plasmodium berghei and treated with SEE 2 mg/kg Body weight,
group III-induced Plasmodium berghei and treated with chloroquine with 10
mg/kg Body weight in three days. The MDA level analyze is done by the Wills
method and the specific activity of catalase with Mates et al method.
Result: The research result showed the decrease of MDA level which not
significant in mice that is infected by Plasmodium berghei and treated by SEE 2
mg/ kg BW compared to negative control (66.49 ± 22,92 vs 69.40 ± 11,69 nmol/g
liver tissue). However, group that is infected by Plasmodium berghei and treated
by chloroquine also showed the decrease of MDA level which not significant
compared the negative control (67.49 ± 7,04 vs 69.40 ± 11,69 nmol/g liver tissue).
Instead, group which treated by SEE showed the increase in specific activity of
catalase compared with control (2,73 ± 0,59 vs 3,73 ± 1.56 Unit/mg liver tissue).
Similarly with chloroquine group which showed an increase in specific activity of
catalase were not significantly different compared with the control group (2.97 ±
1.53 vs 3.73 ± 1.56 Unit/mg liver tissue).
Conclusion: Group that treated with SEE 2 mg/kg Body weight showed decrease
of MDA level and also the increase of catalase specific activity in mice liver tissue
compared negative control, but statistically not significant as well as the group
given chloroquine;Introduction: Andrographis panniculata or Sambiloto is a herbal plant that has
antimalarial efficacy by increasing antioxidant in body. Liver is one of the places
for Plasmodium to develop themselves in malaria. This research aims to analyze
the activity of antimalarial from Sambiloto Ethanol Extract (SEE) in mice which
infected by Plasmodium berghei in vivo through the measurement of MDA level
and the specific activity of catalase in liver tissue.
Method: We used experimental in vivo as the reserach design, using balb/c. The
research design is done by grouping the mices into four groups which of the
untreated group, group I-induced by Plasmodium berghei but not treated, group
II-induced Plasmodium berghei and treated with SEE 2 mg/kg Body weight,
group III-induced Plasmodium berghei and treated with chloroquine with 10
mg/kg Body weight in three days. The MDA level analyze is done by the Wills
method and the specific activity of catalase with Mates et al method.
Result: The research result showed the decrease of MDA level which not
significant in mice that is infected by Plasmodium berghei and treated by SEE 2
mg/ kg BW compared to negative control (66.49 ± 22,92 vs 69.40 ± 11,69 nmol/g
liver tissue). However, group that is infected by Plasmodium berghei and treated
by chloroquine also showed the decrease of MDA level which not significant
compared the negative control (67.49 ± 7,04 vs 69.40 ± 11,69 nmol/g liver tissue).
Instead, group which treated by SEE showed the increase in specific activity of
catalase compared with control (2,73 ± 0,59 vs 3,73 ± 1.56 Unit/mg liver tissue).
Similarly with chloroquine group which showed an increase in specific activity of
catalase were not significantly different compared with the control group (2.97 ±
1.53 vs 3.73 ± 1.56 Unit/mg liver tissue).
Conclusion: Group that treated with SEE 2 mg/kg Body weight showed decrease
of MDA level and also the increase of catalase specific activity in mice liver tissue
compared negative control, but statistically not significant as well as the group
given chloroquine"
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteraan Universitas Indonesia, 2013
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Shabrina Narasati
aktivitas antimalaria ekstrak etanol sambiloto andrographis panniculata berm f pada mencit yang diinfeksi plasmodium berghei in vivo analisis kadar gpt jaringan hati = Antimalarial activity of andrographis panniculata burm f extracts analysis of enzyme gpt livers in plasmodium berghei infected mice
"Salah satu tanaman herbal yang berkhasiat terhadap malaria adalah Sambiloto Andrographis panniculata Berm F Pada malaria terjadi peningkatan radikal bebas yang dapat merusak hati Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas hepatoprotektif sambiloto Andrographis paniculata Berm F terhadap mencit yang terinfeksi Plasmodium berghei secara in vivo Metode Mencit jantan galur Balb c dengan berat 28 30 g 7 8 minggu dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok secara acak dan tiap kelompok terdiri atas 5 ekor mencit Kelompok K kontrol Kelompok A kontrol negatif Kelompok B ekstrak Andrographis 2 mg kgBB 1 kali per hari selama7 hari dan kelompok C klorokuin 10 mg kgBB sekali sehari selama 3 hari Seluruh perlakuan diberikan melalui oral
Hasil Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan terdapat penurunan kadar aktivitas spesifik GPT pada hati yang diberi perlakuan ekstrak etanol sambiloto EES dibandingkan dengan kontrol negatif walaupun penurunan ini secara statistik tidak bermakna p ge 0 05 pada mencit yang diinfeksi Plasmodium berghei 5 8 1 6 vs 6 77 0 77 U mg protein jaringan hati Kesimpulan Berdasarkan hasil tersebut disimpulkan bahwa EES memiliki pengaruh terhadap penurunan kadar aktivitas spesifik GPT jaringan hati pada infeksi Plasmodium berghei namun pada dosis diperlukan dosis yang lebih tinggi untuk memperlihatkan hasil yang lebih bermakna.
Andrographis panniculata Berm F is a traditional herb used for the treatment of malaria Malaria infection can cause liver cell damage The aim of the study was to determine the hepatoprotective effect of an ethanolic extract of Andrographis panniculata Burm F EAA against Plasmodium berghei infected mice Methods Male mice Balb c strain weighing 28 30 g 7 8 weeks old were randomly divided into 4 groups of 5 animals each Group K controls nil Group A negative controls and 2 treatment groups B and C Group B Andrographis paniculatas 2 mg kgBW once per day for 4 days and group C Chloroquine 10 mg kgBW once a day for 3 days All treatments administrated orally
Results The results showed a decrease of GPT levels activity of the liver treated extract compared to negative controls in mice infected by Plasmodium berghei although the decrease was not statistically significant 5 8 1 6 vs 6 77 0 77 U mg protein of liver tissue p ge 0 05 Conclusion Based on these result it is concluded that the EES has an influence on the GPT activity by decreased it in Plasmodium berghei infected mice but the appropriate doses needed to show a more effective results."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteraan Universitas Indonesia, 2013
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Aryogi Rama Putra
Aktivitas antimalaria ekstrak air bayam duri (amaranthus spinosus L.) eabd pada mencit yang diinfeksi plasmodium berghei in vivo: analisis aktivitas skizontisidal pada darah = Anti malarial activity of (amaranthus spinosus L.) water extracted aswe of plasmodium berghei infected mice in vivo: analysis of schizonticidal activity on blood
"Latar belakang: Bayamduri (Amaranthus spinosus L.) adalah herbal tradisional yang digunakan untuk pengobatan malaria dan belum banyak data penelitian tentang ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas skizontisidal ekstrak air bayam duri (Amaranthus spinosus L) (EABD) terhadap mencit yang diinfeksi Plasmodium berghei secara in vivo.
Metode: Mencit jantan (galur Balb/c) dengan berat 28-30 g, 7-8 minggu, dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok secara acak, tiap kelompok terdiri atas 5 ekor mencit. Kelompok K: kontrol, Kelompok A: kontrol negatif, 2 Kelompok perlakuan (B dan C). Kelompok B: ekstrak Amaranthus 120 mg/kgBB, 1 kali per hari selama 4 hari. dan kelompok C: klorokuin 10 mg/kgBB sekali sehari selama 3 hari. Seluruh perlakuan diberikan melalui oral.
Hasil: Aktivitas skizontisidal darah terlihat pada semua kelompok perlakuan (B dan C), Aktivitas tertinggi terlihat pada kelompok B yaitu 91,20 ± 0,73 %, sedang kelompok C sebesar 88,92 ± 1,10 %. Kedua kelompok berbeda secara bermakna dibandingkan dengan kontrol, p≤0,05, namun kedua kelompok tidak berbeda bermakna satu sama lain, p≥0,05. Terjadi peningkatan berat badan pada kelompok EABD yang hampir sama dengan kelompok kontrol dan lebih besar dibanding kelompok klorokuin (7,6 % vs 7,05% dan 5,48%).
Kesimpulan: Ekstrak air bayam duri (Amaranthus spinosus) (EABD) dosis 120 mg/kgBB menunjukkan aktivitas skizontisidal darah yang sama baik dengan pemberian klorokuin 10 mg/kgBB terhadap mencit yang diinfeksi Plasmodium berghei secara in vivo.
Background: Amaranthus spinosus is a traditional herb used for the treatment of malaria, but the information of it?s activity still limited. The aim of this study was to determine the schizonticidal effect of a water extract of Amaranthus spinosus against Plasmodium berghei-infected mice.
Methods: Male mice (Balb/c strain) weighing 28-30 g, 7-8 weeks old, were randomly devided into 4 groups of 5 animals each. Group K: controls (nil), Group A: negative controls, and 2 treatment groups (B and C). Group B: Amaranthus 120 mg/kgBW, once per day for 4 days and group C: Chloroquine 10 mg/kgBW, once a day for 3 days. All treatments administrated orally.
Results: Blood schizonticidal activity was seen in all treatment groups, the highest activity was seen in group B ( 91.20 ± 0.73%), and group C was 88.92 ± 1.10%. Both groups were significantly different compared to control, p≤0,05), but there were no different within both group. An increase in body weight in group B are almost the same as group K and greater than group C (7.6% vs 7.05% and 5.48%).
Conclusion: The Amaranthus spinosus water extract (ASWE) at a dose 120 mg/kgBW demonstrated a good blood schizonticidal activity as well as chloroquine against Plasmodium berghei-infected mice."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteraan Universitas Indonesia, 2013
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Andira Hardjodipuro
Uji aktivitas Antimalaria Ekstrak daun Sambiloto (Andrographis Paniculata Nees) terhadap Densitas Plasmodium Berghei pada Mencit Swiss Webster secara in Vivo = In vivo study on antimalarial activity of (Andrographis Paniculata Nees) leaf extract against plasmodium berghei density in Swiss webster mice
"ABSTRAK
Malaria masih menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan penyebab kematian di Indonesia. Dalam 10 tahun terakhir, diketahui resistensi pengobatan malaria dengan klorokuin dan kina semakin mengkhawatirkan sehingga dibutuhkan pengobatan alternatif menggunakan bahan alami. Tanaman Sambiloto diketahui memiliki beberapa senyawa aktif yang bersifat antimalaria. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen laboratorik yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui dosis ekstrak daun Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Nees) yang memiliki aktivitas antimalaria paling baik dalam menurunkan densitas Plasmodium berghei pada mencit Swiss-Webster secara In Vivo. Dari 25 sampel yang ada dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok perlakuan, yang masing-masing diberikan dosis 0,5 mg/20 gram, 1,0 mg/20 gram, 1,5 mg/20 gram serta kontrol positif dan kontrol negatif. Setiap kelompok perlakuan dihitung peningkatan densitas parasit dan persentase penghambatan yang terjadi. Dari data yang diperoleh, dilakukan uji normalitas menggunakan Shapiro-Wilk, uji hipotesis dengan Kruskal-Wallis, dilanjutkan dengan analisis menggunakan Mann-Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Nees) dengan dosis sebesar 0,5 mg/20 gram, 1,0 mg/20 gram, 1,5 mg/20 gram berat badan tidak memiliki aktivitas antimalaria.
ABSTRACT
Malaria remains one of the health problems that causes death in Indonesia. In the last 10 years, the resistance of malaria against chloroquine and Kina treatment is increasing, so we need alternative treatments using natural substances. Sambiloto herb is known to have some antimalarial active compounds. This study was a laboratoric experiment that aimed to determine which dose has the most excellent antimalarial activity in lowering the Plasmodium berghei density in Swiss- Webster mice. Twenty-five samples were divided into 5 groups, each of group was given a dose 0.5 mg/20 grams, 1.0 mg/20 grams, 1.5 mg/20 grams, 1 positive control, and 1 negative control. The increase of parasites density and the percentage of inhibition were calculated in each group. The normality data was tested using Shapiro-Wilk, the hypothesis test was analysed with Kruskal-Wallis, followed by analysis by Mann-Whitney. The results show that neither group of dose dose 0.5 mg/20 grams, 1.0 mg/20 grams, 1.5 mg/20 grams has antimalarial activity."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2015
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Anggita Citra Resmi
Aktivitas antimalaria ekstrak sambiloto (andrographis paniculata burm F/ Nees) pada mencit yang terinfeksi plasmodium berghei in vivo: analisis kadar malondialdehid (MDA) dan glutation (GSH) pada hati = Antimalarial activity of (andrographis panniculata burm .fF/nees) extracts in plasmodium berghei infected mice in vivo: analysis of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione level in liver
"Sambiloto atau Andrographis panniculata merupakan tanaman tradisional herbal yang yang banyak ditemui di Indonesia. Penelitian Biokimia tentang efek antioksidan zat berkhasiatnya belum banyak diteliti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa aktivitas antimalaria ekstrak etanol sambiloto (EES) pada hati mencit yang diinfeksi dengan Plasmodium berghei melalui pengukuran kadar malondialdehid (MDA) dan glutation (GSH).
Metode: Mencit jantan galur Balb/c dengan berat 28-30 g, 7-8 minggu, dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok secara acak, tiap kelompok terdiri atas 5 ekor mencit. Kelompok K: Kontrol, Kelompok A: kontrol negatif, Kelompok B: EES 2 mg/kgBB/hari selama 7 hari, C: klorokuin 10 mg/kgBB/hari selama 3 hari. MDA dan GSH diperiksa dengan metode spektrofotometri.
Hasil: Terlihat kadar MDA hati yang lebih rendah pada kelompok perlakuan EES dan klorokuin, walaupun tidak berbeda bermakna dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol negatif (p≥0,05). Pada kelompok B dan C terlihat peningkatan kadar GSH dibandingkan kelompok kontrol negatif, kenaikan ini mendekati kadar kelompok kontrol. Pada pengujian statistik, tidak terlihat perbedaan yang bermakna antara kelompok K, B dan C (p≥0,05).
Kesimpulan: EES dapat menurunkan kadar MDA dan meningkatkan kadar GSH pda hati mencit yang diinfeksi dengan Plasmodium berghei, walaupun hasil ini belum bermakna dibandingkan dengan kontrol negatif. Untuk aktivitas yang lebih signifikan di hati diperlukan pemberian EES dengan dosis yang lebih tinggi dari 2 mg/kgBB.
Andrographis paniculata is a traditional herb medicine usually used in Indonesia. The aim of this study were to determine the anti-malarial activity of ethanolic extract of sambiloto (EES) in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice through measuring the malondialdehyde MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels.
Methods: Male mice (Balb/c strain) with weight 28-30 g, 7-8 weeks old, were randomly devided into 4 groups of 5 animals each. Group K: control (nil), Group A: negative control, and 2 treatment groups (B, C). Group B: EES 2 mg/kgBW, once per day for 7 days, and group C: chloroquine 10 mg/kgBW, once a day, for 3 days. All treatment was administered orally.
Results: MDA level of liver occurs lower in the EES and chloroquine treatment groups, although is not significant with negative control group (p ≥ 0.05). In B and C groups shown the increase of GSH liver level compared to the negative control group, but the level is approaching control group. On statistical analysis, there is no significant difference seen between the control, B and C groups (p ≥ 0.05).
Conclusion: EES can reduce MDA level and increased GSH level in mice liver infected with Plasmodium berghei, although this result is not significant compared to the negative control. For the significant effect, need further investigation to find the appropriate dose for hepar tissue."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteraan Universitas Indonesia, 2013
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Danang Setyo Nugroho
Efektivitas ekstrak kulit batang dan ekstrak biji flamboyan (delonix regia) terhadap densitas parasit malaria pada mencit yang diinfeksi plasmodium berghei = The efficacy of flamboyant s (delonix) regia bark and seed to malarial parasite density in mice infected by plasmodium berghei
"Malaria merupakan salah satu penyakit infeksi mematikan yang disebabkan oleh parasit darah, Plasmodium sp. Setiap tahunnya lebih dari satu juta orang meninggal akibat malaria. Kematian akibat malaria terutama disebabkan oleh resistensi parasit terhadap obat antimalaria. Flamboyan (Delonix regia) telah digunakan sebagai obat tradisional terhadap malaria di Zambia, beberapa negara Afrika lain dan, Nusa Tenggara Timur. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas antimalaria pada tikus yang diinfeksi Plasmodium berghei dan kandungan fitokima kulit batang dan biji Delonix regia. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi eksperimental.
Penelitian ini menggunakan ekstrak kulit batang dan biji Delonix regia dalam tiga dosis, yaitu 2,8 mg/20 g mencit; 8,4 mg/20 g mencit; dan 14 mg/20 g mencit. Kloroquin dosis 0,52 mg/20 g mencit digunakan sebagai kontrol positif, sedangkan air digunakan sebagai kontrol negatif. Perlakuan diberikan pada hari ke-0 saat mencit dinyatakan terinfeksi Plasmodium berghei. Parasitemia diamati sebelum pemberian perlakuan (hari ke-0) dan hari ke-3. Selisih densitas parasit pada Hasil penelitian dan uji statistik dengan One Way ANOVA menunjukkan ekstrak kulit batang dan biji Delonix regia tidak memiliki efek penghambat pertumbuhan Plasmodium berghei yang bermakna jika dibandingkan dengan kontrol negatif (p>0,05).
Malaria is one of deadly infectious disease caused by blood parasite; Plasmodium sp. Malaria caused more than one million deaths every year. Deaths caused by malaria were particularly due to the parasite's resistance to malarial drugs. Delonix regia has been used as a traditional medicine against malaria in Zambia, some of African countries, and in Nusa Tenggara Timur. This research was done to understand antimalarial effect of Delonix regia bark and seed in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei and to know their phytochemical substances.
This research used three doses of Delonix regia bark and seed, which were 2,8 mg/20 g mouse; 8,4 mg/20 g mouse; and 14 mg/20 g mouse. Chloroquine 0,52 mg/20 g mouse was used as positive control, whereas water as negative control. The treatments were given at day 0 when the mice have been proven infected by Plasmodium berghei. The observation of parasitemia conducted at day 0 before giving the treatments and day 3. The results and statistical analysis using One Way ANOVA showed Delonix regia bark and seed extract didn't show growth inhibitory effect of Plasmodium berghei compared with negative control."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2013
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Amanda Amalia
Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) terhadap Densitas Plasmodium berghei pada Mencit Swiss-Webster yang telah diinfeksi secara In Vivo = Effect of Leaf Extract Papaya (Carica papaya L.) against the density of Plasmodium berghei in Swiss-Webster mice that have been infected in vivo
"Kasus resistensi terhadap pengobatan malaria membutuhkan penemuan obat baru, salah satunya menggunakan ekstrak daun papaya (Carica papaya L.). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui dosis paling efektif serta korelasi antara dosis dengan perubahan densitas parasit. Penelitian menggunakan desain eksprimental dengan pemberian tiga dosis ekstrak 9,75 mg; 15,50 mg; dan 21,25mg/20gBB kepada 25 mencit Swiss-webster. Data diolah menggunakan SPSS versi 16,00 dan dianalisis dengan uji Kruskall-Wallis yang dilanjutkan uji Post Hoc serta uji korelasi Spearman.
Hasil penelitian menunjukan dosis kecil dan sedang berbeda bermakna (p<0,05) dengan kontrol negatif. Persentase penghambatan dosis kecil mencapai 99% dan ditemukan korelasi lemah antara dosis dengan densitas parasit. Dapat disimpulkan dosis 9,75 mg adalah yang paling efektif dengan terdapat korelasi antara peningkatan dosis dengan densitas parasit.
Increasing resistance against malaria treatment requires the discovery of new drugs, one of which uses papaya leaf extracts (Carica papaya L.). This study aims to determine the most effective dose and dose correlation between drug concentration and parasite density. This research is using eksperimental design by administering three doses of 9.75 mg extract; 15.50 mg; and 21.25mg/20gBW to 25 Swiss-Webster mice which were divided into three groups. Data was processed using SPSS version 16.00 and analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Post Hoc test and Spearman correlation test.
The results showed that small and medium dose group were significantly different (p <0.05) compared to negative control group. Percentage inhibition small doses reached 99% and found a very weak correlation between the dose and the parasite density. It can be concluded that dose of 9.75 mg /20gBW is most effective with a weak positive correlation between the increase in dose to the density of parasites."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2015
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Pratika Dewi
Pengaruh ekstrak bunga dan ekstrak kulit buah delonix regia sebagai zat anti plasmodium dengan uji in vivo pada mencit swiss webster yang diinfeksi plasmodium berghei = The effect of delonix regia s flower extract and rinds extract as anti plasmodial substance with in vivo test in swiss webster mice infected by plasmodium berghei
"Resistensi Plasmodium terhadap obat antimalaria merupakan masalah yang harus diatasi. Salah satu caranya dengan mencari obat baru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak bunga dan ekstrak kulit buah Delonix regia dalam menurunkan densitas Plasmodium. Penelitian menggunakan desain uji eksperimental. Berdasarkan hasil uji fitokimia diketahui kadar alkaloid dalam esktrak kulit buah lebih tinggi dibandingkan kadar alkaloid dalam ekstrak bunga. Hal ini sesuai dengan hasil uji in vivo pada mencit yang diinfeksi Plasmodium berghei. Mencit yang mendapatkan ekstrak kulit buah dengan dosis 2,8 mg/mencit, 8,4 mg/mencit dan 14 mg/mencit mengalami penurunan densitas Plasmodium sedangkan pada mencit yang mendapatkan ekstrak bunga terjadi kenaikan densitas Plasmodium.
Berdasarkan uji Post Hoc LSD didapatkan adanya perbedaan perubahan densitas Plasmodium yang signifikan pada mencit yang mendapatkan kontrol negatif dibandingkan dengan mencit yang mendapatkan ekstrak kulit buah dosis kecil, sedang maupun besar dengan nilai p 0,00; 0,03 dan 0,022. Sedangkan perbedaan yang tidak signifikan di dapatkan saat perubahan densitas Plasmodium pada mencit yang mendapatkan kontrol negatif dibandingkan dengan mencit yang mendapatkan ekstrak bunga dengan nilai p 0,156; 0,064 dan 0,923. Dapat disimpulkan ekstrak kulit buah dapat menurunkan densitas Plasmodium.
Resistance of Plasmodium to anti-malaria drugs is a problem that necessary to be solved. One of the way is create new drugs. The purpose of this study to determine the effect of flowers extracts and rinds extracts of Delonix regia to decrease density of Plasmodium. This study use experimental design. Based on the results of phytochemical test known that alkaloid levels in rind's extract is higher than flower's extract. This is consistent with the results of in vivo test in mice infected by Plasmodium berghei. The mice whom get rind's extract dose ie 2,8 mg/mice, 8,4 mg/mice dan 14 mg/mice shown decrease of parasitemia, mean while mice whom get flowers shown increase of parasitemia.
Based on Post Hoc LCD test, there is significantly difference in density change of plasmodium in mice whom get negative control compare with mice whom get small dose, medium dose and high dose of rinds extracts with the value of p 0,00; 0,03 and 0,022. While there is no significantly difference when mice whom get negative control compare with mice whom get small dose, medium dose and high dose of flowers extracts with the value of p 0,156; 0,064 and 0,923. It can be concluded that rind's extract of Delonix regia can decrease parasitemia."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2013
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Dyah Astri Paramaramya
Efektivitas Ekstrak Kulit Batang Flamboyan (Delonix regia) terhadap Densitas Parasit Malaria pada Mencit Swiss webster yang Diinfeksi Plasmodium berghei = Efektivitas Ekstrak Kulit Batang Flamboyan (Delonix regia) terhadap Densitas Parasit Malaria pada Mencit Swiss webster yang Diinfeksi Plasmodium berghei
"Angka kejadian positif malaria di Indonesia pada tahun 2013 adalah 343.527 jiwa. Diperlukan pengobatan efektif untuk penyakit malaria, salah satu caranya dengan mencari obat alternatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas kulit batang Flamboyan dalam memberikan efek antiplasmodium dan untuk melihat dosis mana yang memberikan peningkatan Plasmodium yang paling rendah (9,8 mg, 11,2 mg, atau 12,6 mg per 20 g mencit). Penelitian ini merupakan studi eksperimental dengan subjek penelitian mencit Swiss webster yang diinfeksi Plasmodium berghei. Sampel terdiri atas 25 mencit yang dibagi dalam 5 kelompok. Perlakuan diberikan setiap hari dan dipantau parasitemia pada mencit selama 5 hari. Parasit dilihat di bawah mikroskop menggunakan sediaan apus darah tipis dengan pewarnaan Giemsa. Data diolah dengan program IBM SPSS Statistics 22.
Hasil analisis pertumbuhan parasit setelah percobaan hari ke-4 didapatkan (p= 0,010), (p=0,108), (p=0,050), (p=0,180) untuk kontrol positif, dosis kecil, dosis sedang dan dosis besar secara berurutan bila dibandingkan dengan kontrol negatif. Hasil pertumbuhan parasit hari ke-5 menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan bermakna (p=0,058) antar masing-masing kelompok. Persentase penghambatan densitas parasit pada hari ke-4 menunjukkan hasil <50% untuk ketiga dosis. Dari hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian dosis 9,8 mg, 11,2 mg dan 12,6 mg per 20 g mencit tidak memiliki efek antiplasmodium.
The incidence of malaria in Indonesia in 2013 was 343 527 people. Thus, it is very important to have an effevtive medicine against malaria. One of the effort is to find an alternative medicine. This study aimed to evaluate the effectivity of antiplasmodium of Flamboyant's stem bark and which dosage of that has the least increase in density of parasite (9.8 mg, 11.2 mg, 12.6 mg per 20 g mice). This was an experimental study on Swiss webster mice infected by Plasmodium berghei. Here was used 25 mice, divided into 5 group. The extracts were given once daily for 5 days and the density of parasites in peripheral blood were evaluated everyday with a thin blood smear colored with Giemsa staining. The data gained then analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 22 to see the increase in parasite density.
The results on 4th day treatment for the positive control, small dose, medium dose, and high dose, all compared to negative control are as follow (p= 0.010), (p=0.108), (p=0.050), (p=0.180). On the 5th day analysis, the increase in density of parasite of all group also not significantly difference (p=0.058). The percentage inhibition of parasite's density on 4th day treatment are <50% for those three dosages. From this, can be concluded that all the three dosages have no antiplasmodium effect."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2015
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Sitanggang, Bintang Riris
Pengaruh ekstrak akar pasak bumi eurycoma longifolia jack sebagai antimalaria melalui mekanisme aktivitas spesifik enzim antioksidan sod dan katalase pada mencit yang diinfeksi plasmodium berghei = The role of pasak bumi eurycoma longifolia jack extract as an antimalarial agent through the mechanism of antioxidant specific activity superoxide dismutase sod and catalase cat in plasmodium berghei infected mice / Bintang Riris Sitanggang
"[ABSTRAK
Pasak bumi (PB) (Eurycoma longifolia Jack), adalah tanaman herbal Indonesia yang
digunakan sebagai antimalaria. Penelitian terdahulu meliputi efek anti ageing dan anti
inflamasi, namun belum pernah diteliti tentang efek terhadap aktivitas enzim
antioksidan pada penggunaan ekstrak akar PB. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk
mengetahui apakah pengaruh ekstrak akar PB sebagai antimalaria dapat menurunkan
aktivitas spesifik antioksidan enzimatik. Penelitian ini menggunakan mencit yang
diinfeksi Plasmodium berghei, diterapi dengan ekstrak akar PB, klorokuin 10 mg/kg
BB (kontrol positif, KP), kontrol negatif (akuades, KN), kontrol normal (K0), PB 30
(TI), 60 (TII) dan 90 mg/kg BB (TIII). Parameter yang diukur adalah inhibisi
parasitemia, kadar karbonil, aktivitas spesifik SOD, katalase (CAT). Inhibisi
parasitemia hari ke 7 dari KP, TI, TII dan TIII adalah 69,81%, 39,37%, 41,72% dan
12,92%. Aktivitas spesifik enzim SOD dan CAT plasma tidak ada perbedaan
bermakna. Aktivitas spesifik SOD hati menunjukan perbedaan bermakna antara K0-
KN (p=0,000), K0-KP (p= 0,025), KN-TI (p=0,001), KP-TI (p=0,042), KN-TII
(p=0,002), KN-TIII (0,005). Aktivitas spesifik CAT hati menunjukkan perbedaan
bermakna antara KP-TI (p=0,009), KP-TII (p=0,009), KP-TIII (p=0,014), KP-K0
(p=0,009), TI-TIII (p=0,014), KN-TI (p=0,009), KN-TII (p=0,047), K0-KN
(p=0,047). Kadar karbonil plasma dan hati tidak menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna
antar kelompok. Korelasi positif bermakna (r=0,690, p=0,000) terjadi antara aktivitas
spesifik SOD dan CAT hati. Korelasi negatif bermakna terjadi antara aktivitas
spesifik SOD, CAT hati dan parasitemia (r= -0,637, p=0,000) (r=-0,557, p=0,002).
Kesimpulan: Potensi PB sebagai antimalaria diragukan karena herbal ini juga
memiliki efek antioksidan yang menguntungkan bagi parasit.
ABSTRACT
Pasak bumi (PB)(Eurycoma longifolia Jack), is an Indonesian herb used as
antimalarial. Previous studies had been done on its anti-ageing and anti-inflammation
properties, but its effect on antioxidant enzyme had not been researched. This study
aim to investigate the antimalarial influence of PB extract on the reduction of specific
antioxidant activity of the SOD and CAT enzyme. We used mice infected by
Plasmodium berghei treated with: PB 30, 60, and 90 mg/kg BW as (TI, TII, and
TIII), positive control (chloroquine 10 mg/kg BW) (KP), negative control (aquadest)
(KN), normal mice control (K0). The parameters were: growth inhibition, carbonyl
concentration, specific activity of SOD and CAT. Growth inhibition in 7 day groups
of KP, TI, TII, and TIII were 69,81%, 39,37%, 41,72%, and 12,92%. Specific activity
of plasma SOD and CAT were insignificant between groups. Liver SOD specific
activity showed significant different between K0-KN (p=0,000), K0-KP (p= 0,025),
KN-TI (p=0,001), KP-TI (p=0,042), KN-TII (p=0,002), KN-TIII (0,005). Specific
activity of liver CAT showed significant different between KP-TI (p=0,009), KP-TII
(p=0,009), KP-TIII (p=0,014), KP-K0 (p=0,009), TI-TIII (p=0,014), KN-TI
(p=0,009), KN-TII (p=0,047), K0-KN (p=0,047). Carbonyl concentrations show
insignificant between groups in plasma and liver. Positive correlation (r=0,690,
p=0,000) showed between liver SOD and CAT specific activity, negative correlation
showed between liver SOD (r= -0,637, p=0,000), CAT (r= -0,557, p=0,002) specific
activity and paracytemia. Therefore, The potential use of PB as an antimalarial was of
doubtful effectiveness due to its antioxidant effect which could be beneficial to the
parasite, Pasak bumi (PB)(Eurycoma longifolia Jack), is an Indonesian herb used as
antimalarial. Previous studies had been done on its anti-ageing and anti-inflammation
properties, but its effect on antioxidant enzyme had not been researched. This study
aim to investigate the antimalarial influence of PB extract on the reduction of specific
antioxidant activity of the SOD and CAT enzyme. We used mice infected by
Plasmodium berghei treated with: PB 30, 60, and 90 mg/kg BW as (TI, TII, and
TIII), positive control (chloroquine 10 mg/kg BW) (KP), negative control (aquadest)
(KN), normal mice control (K0). The parameters were: growth inhibition, carbonyl
concentration, specific activity of SOD and CAT. Growth inhibition in 7 day groups
of KP, TI, TII, and TIII were 69,81%, 39,37%, 41,72%, and 12,92%. Specific activity
of plasma SOD and CAT were insignificant between groups. Liver SOD specific
activity showed significant different between K0-KN (p=0,000), K0-KP (p= 0,025),
KN-TI (p=0,001), KP-TI (p=0,042), KN-TII (p=0,002), KN-TIII (0,005). Specific
activity of liver CAT showed significant different between KP-TI (p=0,009), KP-TII
(p=0,009), KP-TIII (p=0,014), KP-K0 (p=0,009), TI-TIII (p=0,014), KN-TI
(p=0,009), KN-TII (p=0,047), K0-KN (p=0,047). Carbonyl concentrations show
insignificant between groups in plasma and liver. Positive correlation (r=0,690,
p=0,000) showed between liver SOD and CAT specific activity, negative correlation
showed between liver SOD (r= -0,637, p=0,000), CAT (r= -0,557, p=0,002) specific
activity and paracytemia. Therefore, The potential use of PB as an antimalarial was of
doubtful effectiveness due to its antioxidant effect which could be beneficial to the
parasite]"
2015
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