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"Kanker ovarium yaitu kanker yang terbentuk di jaringan pada ovarium. Studi kasus kontrol berbasis rumah sakit ini menilai hubungan riwayat reproduksi, penggunaan hormon, dan riwayat kanker pada keluarga dengan kejadian kanker ovarium pada pasien rawat jalan RSKD Jakarta tahun 2013, menggunakan alat kuesioner dan rekam medik pasien. Peneliti merekrut 71 penderita kanker ovarium sebagai kasus dan 140 responden sebagai kontrol yang seluruhnya terdiri dari penderita kanker serviks. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa semakin banyak jumlah kehamilan semakin besar efek protektif (1-2 kali (OR= 0.18, 95% CI= 0.05-0.59) dan ≥ 3 kali (OR= 0.06, 95% CI= 0.02-0.20)) dibandingkan tidak pernah hamil. Pola tersebut juga terlihat pada jumlah melahirkan. Pernah menyusui anak pun memberikan perlindungan terhadap kanker ovarium (OR=0.17, 95% CI= 0.08-0.39) dan efek protektif meningkat seiring dengan panjangnya durasi (1-24 bulan (OR= 0.31, 95% CI= 0.12-0.80) dan ≥ 25 bulan (OR= 0.13, 95% CI= 0.06-0.31)) dibandingkan tidak pernah menyusui anak. Perlindungan pun timbul dari riwayat pernah menggunakan kontrasepsi oral (OR=0.37, 95% CI= 0.20-0.68), dan efeknya meningkat seiring dengan tingginya episode (1 episode (OR= 0.39, 95% CI= 0.20-0.76) dan ≥ 1 episode (OR= 0.32, 95% CI= 0.10-0.99)), panjangnya durasi (1-24 bulan (OR= 0.46, 95% CI= 0.23-0.93) dan ≥ 25 bulan (OR= 0.25, 95% CI= 0.09-0.69)), serta pendeknya rentang waktu sejak terakhir menggunakan kontrasepsi oral_umur saat didiagnosis (< 15 tahun (OR= 0.33, 95% CI= 0.13-0.80) dan ≥ 15 tahun (OR= 0.41, 95% CI= 0.20-0.87)) dibandingkan tidak pernah menggunakan kontrasepsi oral. Sebaliknya, ada peningkatan risiko terkena kanker ovarium akibat pernah mengalami infertilitas (OR= 2.09, 95% CI= 1.06-4.13) dibandingkan tidak pernah mengalami infertilitas, dan adanya riwayat kanker ovarium pada keluarga (OR= 7.55, 95% CI= 1.53-7.35) dibandingkan tidak ada riwayat kanker ovarium pada keluarga. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya upaya peningkatan promosi kesehatan mengenai faktor protektor dan faktor risiko tersebut kepada masyarakat.

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Ovarian cancer is cancer that forms in tissues of the ovary. This hospital-based case-control study evaluated reproductive history, hormone use, and family history of cancer in relation to ovarian cancer on patient of RSKD Jakarta in 2013. Data were collected through questionnaires and medical record of patients. Researcher recruited 71 ovarian cancer cases and 140 controls that a whole consists of cervix cancer patients. The result found the a significant protection to ovarian cancer risk because of number of pregnancy 1-2 , number of pregnancy ≥ 3 (OR= 0.06, 95% CI= 0.02-0.20), parity 1-2 (OR= 0.23, 95% CI= 0.08-064), parity ≥ 3 (OR= 0.07, 95% CI= 0.03-0.20), ever breastfeeding (OR= 0.17, 95% CI= 0.08-0.39), breastfeeding during 1-24 months (OR= 0.31, 95% CI= 0.12-0.80), breastfeeding during ≥ 25 months (OR= 0.13, 95% CI= 0.06-0.31), ever use of oral contraceptive (OR= 0.37, 95% CI= 0.20-0.68), using oral contraceptive during 1-24 months (OR= 0.46, 95% CI= 0.23-0.93), using oral contraceptive during ≥ 25 months (OR= 0.25, 95% CI= 0.09-0.69), have time since last use of oral contraceptive_age of diagnose (OR= 0.33, 95% CI= 0.13-0.80), and have time since last use of oral contraceptive_age of diagnose (OR= 0.41, 95% CI=0.20-0.87). Conversely, ever infertility (OR= 2.09, 95% CI= 1.06-4.13), and family history of ovarian cancer (OR= 7.55, 95% CI= 1.53-7.35) increased ovarian cancer risk significantly. Therefore, the health promotion about protector factors and risk factors of ovarian cancer have to be increased."

"[ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Kasus baru dan kematian kanker paru semakin meningkat. Rokok tembakau sangat berperan tetapi hanya 15% yang menderita kanker paru. Oleh karena itu faktor genetik diduga berperan pada kanker paru. Penelitian-penelitian kohort selama ini menunjukan hubungan bermakna risiko kanker paru dengan riwayat kanker di keluarga. Tujuan: Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan proporsi subjek kanker paru dengan riwayat kanker pada keluarga.Metode: Penelitian ini adalah studi observasi deskriptif potong lintang dengan subjek kanker paru yang berobat jalan maupun inap di RSUP Persahabatan Jakarta 1 Januari 2013 sampai 31 Mei 2015.Hasil: Subjek penelitian 380 dengan komposisi laki-laki lebih banyak dibandingkan perempuan (72,9% banding 27,1%) dengan median 56 tahun dan nilai minimum dan maksimum 20-86 (66) tahun. Sebanyak 65.3% subjek adalah perokok. Dari total subjek yang merokok, 33,2% termasuk perokok dengan Indeks Brickman (IB) sedang. Jenis sel kanker terbanyak adalah masuk kelompok Kanker Paru Karsinoma Bukan Sel Kecil (KPKBSK) yaitu adenokarsinoma 73,4%. Sebagian besar subjek terdiagnosis pada stage lanjut baik pada kelompok KPKBSK maupun Kanker Paru Karsinoma Sel Kecil (KPKSK). Proporsi subjek dengan riwayat kanker keluarga sebesar 8,2% dengan subjek laki-laki lebih besar dibandingkan perempuan (5,8% dibandingkan 2,4%). Nilai minimum-maksimum usia 35-72 tahun, median 55 tahun. Subjek yang merokok hanya ditemukan pada laki-laki sebanyak 71% dan jenis kanker terbanyak adenokarsinoma 71%. Hubungan keluarga 1 orang lebih banyak ditemukan dibandingkan lebih 1 orang (64,4% banding 35,6%) dengan dominasi ayah (25,8%). Jenis kanker keluarga paling banyak bukan kanker paru dibandingkan kanker paru (85,4% banding 14,6%). Kesimpulan: Proporsi subjek kanker paru dengan riwayat kanker pada keluarga adalah 8,2%. Subjek dengan 1 anggota keluarga yang memiliki kanker paling banyak 64,4% dengan dominasi ayah 25,8%. Jenis kanker paru dengan riwayat kanker keluarga terbanyak adenokarsinoma 71%. Jenis kanker keluarga lebih banyak adalah bukan kanker paru 85,4%.

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ABSTRACTBackground: The new cases and mortality of lung cancer are increasing. Smoking tobacco have a role play but only 15% smokers are suffering from lung cancer. Therefore, genetic factors thought to play a role in lung cancer. Many studies show a significant association with the risk of lung cancer in the family history of cancer.Objective: To determine the proportion of lung cancer?s subjects with a cancer history in the family.Methods: Using cross-sectional a descriptive observational study with the outpatient and inpatient lung cancer?s subject at Persahabatan Hospital, Jakarta started from January 1st, 2013 until April 30th, 2015.Results: The total subject of the study are 380 with the composition of men higher than women (72.9% vs 27.1 %) with a median is 56 and a minimum-maximum age is 20-86 (66). From those subjects, 65.3% are smokers with the most moderate IB is 33.2%. The most type cancer cells in group of Non Small Cell Lung Cancer Carcinoma (NSCLCC) is adenocarcinoma (73.4%). Most subjects diagnosed at an advanced stage either in groups of NSCLCC or Small Cell Lung Cancer Carcinoma (SCLCC). The subject?s proportion with the family cancer history is 8.2% in which male subjects are larger than females (5.8% vs 2.4%). A minimum-maximum age is 35-72 (37) and median 55. Smoker is only found in male 71% and the most type cancer cells is adenocarcinoma 71%. Family relation of the subjects found that 1 person is much more found than more 1 person (64.4% vs 35.6%) with dominated by father (25,8%). The type of cancer in the family is non lung cancer higher than lung cancer (85,4% vs 14,6%).Conclusions: The proportion of subjects with lung cancer in their family cancer is 8.2%. The most type family relation of the subjects is 1 person 64,4% with dominated by father 25,8%. The most type lung cancer cells which have family history cancer is adenocarcinoma 71%. The most type of cancer in the family is non lung cancer 64.4%.;Background: The new cases and mortality of lung cancer are increasing. Smoking tobacco have a role play but only 15% smokers are suffering from lung cancer. Therefore, genetic factors thought to play a role in lung cancer. Many studies show a significant association with the risk of lung cancer in the family history of cancer.Objective: To determine the proportion of lung cancer?s subjects with a cancer history in the family.Methods: Using cross-sectional a descriptive observational study with the outpatient and inpatient lung cancer?s subject at Persahabatan Hospital, Jakarta started from January 1st, 2013 until April 30th, 2015.Results: The total subject of the study are 380 with the composition of men higher than women (72.9% vs 27.1 %) with a median is 56 and a minimum-maximum age is 20-86 (66). From those subjects, 65.3% are smokers with the most moderate IB is 33.2%. The most type cancer cells in group of Non Small Cell Lung Cancer Carcinoma (NSCLCC) is adenocarcinoma (73.4%). Most subjects diagnosed at an advanced stage either in groups of NSCLCC or Small Cell Lung Cancer Carcinoma (SCLCC). The subject?s proportion with the family cancer history is 8.2% in which male subjects are larger than females (5.8% vs 2.4%). A minimum-maximum age is 35-72 (37) and median 55. Smoker is only found in male 71% and the most type cancer cells is adenocarcinoma 71%. Family relation of the subjects found that 1 person is much more found than more 1 person (64.4% vs 35.6%) with dominated by father (25,8%). The type of cancer in the family is non lung cancer higher than lung cancer (85,4% vs 14,6%).Conclusions: The proportion of subjects with lung cancer in their family cancer is 8.2%. The most type family relation of the subjects is 1 person 64,4% with dominated by father 25,8%. The most type lung cancer cells which have family history cancer is adenocarcinoma 71%. The most type of cancer in the family is non lung cancer 64.4%., Background: The new cases and mortality of lung cancer are increasing. Smoking tobacco have a role play but only 15% smokers are suffering from lung cancer. Therefore, genetic factors thought to play a role in lung cancer. Many studies show a significant association with the risk of lung cancer in the family history of cancer. Objective: To determine the proportion of lung cancer’s subjects with a cancer history in the family. Methods: Using cross-sectional a descriptive observational study with the outpatient and inpatient lung cancer’s subject at Persahabatan Hospital, Jakarta started from January 1st, 2013 until April 30th, 2015.Results: The total subject of the study are 380 with the composition of men higher than women (72.9% vs 27.1 %) with a median is 56 and a minimum-maximum age is 20-86 (66). From those subjects, 65.3% are smokers with the most moderate IB is 33.2%. The most type cancer cells in group of Non Small Cell Lung Cancer Carcinoma (NSCLCC) is adenocarcinoma (73.4%). Most subjects diagnosed at an advanced stage either in groups of NSCLCC or Small Cell Lung Cancer Carcinoma (SCLCC). The subject’s proportion with the family cancer history is 8.2% in which male subjects are larger than females (5.8% vs 2.4%). A minimum-maximum age is 35-72 (37) and median 55. Smoker is only found in male 71% and the most type cancer cells is adenocarcinoma 71%. Family relation of the subjects found that 1 person is much more found than more 1 person (64.4% vs 35.6%) with dominated by father (25,8%). The type of cancer in the family is non lung cancer higher than lung cancer (85,4% vs 14,6%).Conclusions: The proportion of subjects with lung cancer in their family cancer is 8.2%. The most type family relation of the subjects is 1 person 64,4% with dominated by father 25,8%. The most type lung cancer cells which have family history cancer is adenocarcinoma 71%. The most type of cancer in the family is non lung cancer 64.4%.]"

"Kanker Payudara merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian utama pada wanita. DKI Jakarta merupakan Provinsi yang masuk ke dalam urutan kelima yang memiliki prevalensi kanker payudara tertinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara riwayat reproduksi dengan kanker payudara pada wanita di DKI Jakarta dengan menggunakan analisis lanjut data Riskesdas tahun 2013. Desain studi yang digunakan yaitu cross sectional dengan menggunakan analisis chi square. Sampel penelitian yaitu penduduk wanita berumur ≥ 30 tahun di DKI Jakarta tahun 2013 yang menjadi sampel pada Riskesdas 2013 dan memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa umur pertama kali melahirkan ≥ 25 tahun (PRR= 1,76; 95% CI: 0,53-5,84), jumlah paritas (PRR= 1,06; 95% CI:0,32-3,54) dan riwayat menyusui (PRR= 1,83; 95% CI: 0,23-14,17) memiliki kecenderungan risiko kanker payudara.

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Breast cancer is the most common death in woman. DKI Jakarta has the highest prevalence of breasr cancer in Indonesia. The aim of this study is to find out the association between reproductive factors and breast cancer in woman at DKI Jakarta using the analysis Riskesdas 2013 data.

The type of this study is cross sectional study with chi square analysis. Sample of this study is woman in DKI Jakarta age ≥ 30 who became sample in Riskesdas 2013.

Based on this study, the risk factors of breast cancer are age at 1st live birth ≥ 25 tahun (PRR= 1,76; 95% CI: 0,53-5,84), parity (PRR= 1,06; 95% CI:0,32-3,54), and breastfeeding status (PRR= 1,83; 95% CI: 0,23-14,17)."

"ABSTRAKCachexia merupakan masalah yang umum dialami oleh pasien kanker stadiumlanjut. Studi kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi dilakukan untukmemperoleh gambaran tentang pengalaman cachexia pasien kanker stadium lanjutdan keluarga yang merawat di RS Kanker Dharmais. Data studi diperoleh darilima partisipan pasien dan lima partisipan keluarga. Temuan memberikaninformasi rinci tentang pengalaman cachexia pada pasien kanker stadium lanjutdan keluarga yang merawat dengan enam tema utama yang sama yaitu 1)pengetahuan yang kurang tentang cachexia, 2) gangguan biopsikososial, 3)perubahan pola makan, 4) perhatian perawat yang dirasakan kurang oleh pasiendan keluarga, 5) kebutuhan akan pendidikan kesehatan dan 6) kebutuhan akanpeningkatan fasilitas kesehatan. Pada keluarga terdapat satu tema tambahan yaituterjadinya konflik dalam keluarga. Kemampuan dalam melakukan asuhankeperawatan yang menyeluruh pada akhirnya akan meningkatan status nutrisipasien dan mengurangi konflik dalam keluarga.

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AbstractCachexia is a common problem for cancer patient in end stage.Phenomenologycal approach of qualitative study was conducted to get illustrationregarding experience of end stage cancer patient with cachexia and their familieswho were involved during treatment in the Dharmais Cancer Hospital. Studyresult gathered from five participants constituted of five patients and five families.The current study showed detail information about experience of end stage cancerpatient with cachexia and their families within six main themes, namely : 1) lackof knowledge about cachexia, 2) Biopsychosocial disturbances, 3) diet patterndisturbances, 4) lack of attention from nurse, 5) in need of health education and 6)in need of improvement of health facilities. Particularly within families memberthere were additional main theme, namely : conflict in family. Abilities inestablishing holistic nursing care will lead to increase patient nutrition level anddecrease conflict within families."

"Penggunaan cisplatin masih merupakan lini pertama penanganan tumor padat walaupun dapat menyebabkan penurunan fungsi ginjal. Salah satu penanganan nefrotoksisitas cisplatin adalah pemberian hidrasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penurunan fungsi ginjal serta mengevaluasi penggunaan volume hidrasi pada pasien yang mendapatkan regimen cisplatin di RS Dharmais. Desain penelitian adalah potong lintang dengan menggunakan data rekam medik pasien. Sampel adalah seluruh pasien kanker dewasa yang mendapatkan cisplatin dosis 60mg/m2 minimal selama empat siklus periode Agustus 2011-November 2013. Klirens kreatinin digunakan sebagai parameter penurunan fungsi ginjal. Pasien yang mendapatkan cisplatin selama empat siklus sebanyak 88 orang, sedangkan pasien yang mendapatkan cisplatin selama enam siklus sebanyak 56 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi nefrotoksisitas cisplatin setelah enam siklus kemoterapi sebesar 92,90% dengan rata-rata persentase penurunan fungsi ginjal sebesar 40,97±17,34% (n=56). Prevalensi nefrotoksisitas cisplatin setelah empat siklus kemoterapi sebesar 75,00% dengan rata-rata persentase penurunan fungsi ginjal sebesar 26,52±19,43% (n=88). Volume hidrasi rata-rata per siklus selama enam siklus kemoterapi cisplatin adalah 6168,46±2866,84 ml tapi ternyata tidak mempengaruhi penurunan fungsi ginjal. Faktor yang mempengaruhi penurunan fungsi ginjal pasien dalam penelitian ini adalah usia (p<0,05). Nefrotoksisitas cisplatin terjadi sejak siklus pertama kemoterapi. Tingkat kerusakan ginjal semakin tinggi seiring dengan penggunaan berulang cisplatin pada siklus-siklus berikutnya.

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Cisplatin had been using as the first line for solid tumor although its nephrotocixity. Hydration is one of strategies to handle cisplatin nephrotoxicity. The goals of this research were to evaluate the factors that affect the decrease of renal function and to evaluate hydration volume on patients treated with cisplatin in Dharmais Cancer Hospital. The design was cross-sectional by using patients medical record. Subjects were all adult cancer patients who treated with cisplatindose 60mg/m2 minimum for four chemotherapy cycles from August 2011 to November 2013. Creatinine clearance was used as a renal function parameter. Patients who treated with cisplatin for four chemotherapy cycles were 88 persons and for six cycles were 56 persons. The prevalence of cisplatin nephrotoxicity after six cycles of chemotherapy was 92.90% with average decrease of renal function was 40.97±17.34 % (n=56). The prevalence of cisplatin nephrotoxicity after four cycles of chemotherapy was 75.00% with average decrease of renal function was 26.52 ± 19.43% (n=88). The average of hydration volume per cycle after six chemotherapy cycles was 6168.46 ± 2866.84 ml but it did not affect cisplatin nephrotoxicity. The only factor that affects this toxicity was patient?s age (p<0.05). Nephrotoxicity could be observed after the first cycle of chemotherapy. The degree of nephrotoxicity was higher after repeated use of cisplatin in the next cycles."

"Ventilator-associated pneumonia VAP adalah infeksi paru yang muncul setelah lebih dari 48 jam pemakaian ventilator mekanik atau pemasangan intubasi endotrakeal. Insidensi VAP bervariasi antara 8 hingga 28 dan memiliki angka mortalitas sampai 50 . Hal ini tentu saja berhubungan dengan peningkatan resiko infeksi lain, peningkatan biaya rawat inap biaya kesehatan dan peningkatan lama rawat di ICU. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi kualitas penggunaan antibiotik untuk pengobatan VAP di ruang ICU RS Kanker Dharmais dengan metode Gyssens dan mengevaluasi perbedaan outcome pasien dengan antibiotik rasional dan antibiotik tidak rasional. Penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan prospektif ini dilaksanakan dari Februari sampai Mei 2017. Peneliti mengambil sampel dengan metode total sampling, sehingga mengikutsertakan seluruh pasien yang berada di ruang ICU dengan memberikan beberapa kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi kemudian dianalisis dengan metode Gyssens. Dari 159 pasien yang menggunakan ventilator ada 29 pasien 18,24 yang memenuhi kriteria VAP dan menjadi subyek penelitian ini. Antibiotik yang paling sering digunakan adalah meropenem dan kemudian diikuti dengan levofloxacin. Faktor yang mempengaruhi kualitas penggunaan antibiotik antara lain adalah jenis terapi, jumlah antibiotik yang digunakan oleh pasien dan lama perawatan pasien P

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Objectives This study aims to evaluate the quality of antibiotic use for VAP treatment in ICU Dharmais Cancer Hospital using Gyssens method, evaluate the different outcomes of antibiotic therapy that are rational and irrational according to the Gyssens method, and evaluating the distribution of rational category 0 and irrational category 1 5 antibiotic use. Methods This prospective study was carried out from February to May 2017 with descriptive analyses. Antibiotic uses were documented prospectively by a pharmacist and analyse by using Gyssens method. Pharmacist was used total sampling method, which is included all adult VAP patients in ICU. Results A total of 29 patients 18,24 were reviewed from 159 patients. The most dominant antibiotic use for VAP empiric treatment was meropenem and the most dominant antibiotic use for VAP definitive treatment was levofloxacin. Factors affecting the quality of antibiotic use include type of therapy, number of antibiotic used by patient and length of stay P"

"Kanker payudara merupakan salah sam jenis kanker yang teroapat pada wanita dan masih merupakan masalah kesehatan pada wanita, karena selain merupakan salah satu penyakit keganasan kedua terbanyak juga sering menyebabkan kematian. Di Indonesia kanker payudara adalah kanker nomor dua tersering. dan di Rurmah Sakit Kanker Dharmais merupakan angka kunjungan tertinggi setiap tahunnya. Salah satu faktor protektif yang berperan menurunkan risiko kanker payudara pada wenita adalah menyusui. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk rnengeta.hui hubungan antara menyusui dengan kanker payudara pada pasien Rumnh Sakit Kanker Dharmais Jakarta yang berkunjung pada periode bulan Mei - Juli 2007. Penelitian ini menggunakan disain kasus kontrol dengan sampel peneiitian wanita melahirkan semua kelompok umur yang menderita kanker dan berkunjung ke poliklinik onkologi Rumah Sakit Kanker Dhannais Jakarta periode bulan Mei - Juli 2007. lumlah sampe1266 orang terdiri dari 127 orang kasus penderita kanker payudara dan 139 orang kontrol penderita kanker lainnya. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah data primer yang diperoleh melalui wawancara o1eh perawat yang telah diberikan penjelasan mengenai daftar pertanyaa-pertanyaan da1am kuesioner. Data diuji dengan unconditional logistic regressiQu dengan program Stata versi 7,0. Hasil penelitian diperoleh : proporsi responden yang menyusui selama >6 bulan sebesar 75,19 0/0, sisanya 24,81% menyusui selama 0 - 6 bulan; karakteristik responden rata-rata berumur 46,5 tahun, usia m£l1larche 13,5 tahun dan usia saat paritas pertama 25 tahun. Rata-rata jUn1Iah paritas adalah 2,5 kali dan rata~rata jumlah anak yang disusui adalah 2/6 anak. Rata~rata lama menyusui tiap anak adalah 12.04 bulan dan rata~rata lama menyusui sepanjang hidup adalah 32,62 bulan. Disimpulkan terdapat hubungan dosis respon antara lama menyusui dengan risiko kanker payudara yaitu sema"kin lama menyusui sernakin kecil risiko untuk menderita kanker payudara. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan efek protektif lama menyusui tiap anak selaroa>6 bulan terhadap penurunan risiko kanker payudara setelah dikontrol dengan variabel umur, riwayat kanker payudara pada keluarga, usia saat menarche, jumlah paritas dan usia saat paritas pertama dengan (OR Adjusted 0,43; 95% CI : O.24~OJ80;). Efek protektif ini lebih kuat pada wanita postmenopause dibandingkan wanita premenopausal pada responden yang menyusui tiap anaknya selama >6 bulan (OR Adjusted ~ 0,14; 95% CI ; 0,03 ... 0,62) setelah dikendalikan dengan variabel umur, usia saat menopause. jumlah paritas dan usia saat paritas pertama. Disarankan pada wanita yang pemah melahirkan untuk menyusui tiap anaknya >6 bulan untuk menurunkan risiko terkena kanker payudara.

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Breast cancer is cancer found in women and poses serious health problem. it rank second as the most frequent cancer and usually fatal. In Indonesia, among other cancers. breast cancer ranks second in frequency and Dharmais Cancer Hospital has highest visit each year. One known protective factor of breast cancer is breastfeeding. The aim of this study is to understand the association between breastfeeding and breast cancer among Dharmais Cancer Hospital patients in May - July 2007 period.

The study employs case-control design with sampJes of delivered mothers at all age groups who visit oncology polyclinic Dhannais Cancer Hospital during May - July 2001 period. Total sample was 266 consisted of 127 breast cancer patients and 139 other cancer controls. Primary data were coHected through interview conducted by nurse who had been explained about the questionnaire. Data were tested using unconditional logistic regression using Stata version 1.0.

The results shows that proportion of respondents who breastfed between 0--6 months was 75.190/0, 24.81% for breasfed for >6 months; average age of respondent 'WaS 46.5 years. average menarche was 13.5 years. and average first parity age of 25 years. Average parity was 2.5 times and average number of breastfed children was 2.6 children. The average duration of breasfeeding was 12.04 months and average longlife duration of breastfeeding was 32.62 months.

It is concluded that there is a significant relationship between breastfeeding and breast cancer among those who has average breastfeeding of >6 months after controlled by age, famity cancer history. menarche age, parity, and first parity age with adjusted OR of 0.43 (95% CI : 0.24-0.80). The study also concludes that breasfeeding has stronger protective effect among postmenopausal women with adjusted OR of 0.14 (95% CI : 0,03 - 0,62) after controlled by age, menopause age, parity. and first parity age. It is suggested that every mothers should breastfeed their children at least 7 months to reduce the risk of breast cancer."

"Tujuan: Menentukan hubungan ukuran tumor dan derajat histopatologi dengan metastasis tulang pada pasien kanker payudara berusia dibawah 40 tahun di RS Kanker Dharmais, membantu meningkatkan kualitas tatalaksana bagi klinisi. Metode: Analisa menggunakan data sekunder. Hasil ukuran tumor dikelompokkan menjadi ≤ 5 cm dan > 5 cm berdasarkan AJCC TNM staging system diperoleh melalui pencitraan radiologi payudara dari sistem PACS dan derajat histopatologi menurut derajat histopatologi Nottingham kombinasi diperoleh dari hasil ekspertise patologi anatomi, serta evaluasi metastasis tulang menggunakan skintigrafi tulang berdasarkan total populasi pasien kanker payudara berusia dibawah 40 tahun. Hasil: Jumlah subyek penelitian 32 perempuan kanker payudara berusia dibawah 40 tahun periode Januari 2011 hingga Juli 2014 di RS Kanker Dharmais. Tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna antara ukuran tumor dengan metastasis tulang (P= 0,715 (Fisher exact test), OR=1,71 (0,32-9,36)). Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara derajat histopatologi dengan metastasis tulang (P=0,010, P < 0,05).Dari 10 subyek derajat histopatologi tinggi, ternyata semua subyek mengalami metastasis tulang negatif. Pada subyek dengan derajat histopatologi sedang didapatkan 8 dari 15 subyek yang mengalami metastasis tulang. Pada subyek penelitian dengan derajat histopatologi rendah didapatkan 6 dari 7 subyek mengalami metastasis tulang negatif. Rerata usia 33,2 tahun dan simpang baku 3,7 tahun memiliki kejadian metastasis tulang lebih tinggi (P=0,024). Terdapat data tambahan dan ditemukan hubungan yang bermakna antara Cerb-b2/HER-2 positif dengan metastasis tulang (P=0,049 (P < 0,05), Odds Ratio=5,67 (0,84 ? 43,16)).Prevalensi metastasis tulang yaitu sebesar 28,1%. Kesimpulan: Pasien kanker payudara berusia dibawah 40 tahun dengan ukuran tumor besar tidak memiliki kejadian metastasis tulang lebih tinggi. Pasien dengan derajat histopatologi tinggi tidak memiliki kejadian metastasis tulang lebih tinggi, namun ditemukan angka kejadian metastasis tulang lebih tinggi pada derajat histopatologi sedang. Terdapat dua faktor lain yang juga mempunyai hubungan dengan kejadian metastasis tulang yaitu usia dan Cerb-br/HER-2. Rerata usia 33,2 tahun dengan simpang baku 3,7 tahun pada pasien kanker payudara berusia di bawah 40 tahun memiliki kejadian metastasis tulang lebih tinggi. Cerb-b2/HER-2 positif pada pasien kanker payudara berusia di bawah 40 tahun memiliki kejadian metastasis tulang lebih tinggi dengan resiko kejadian sebesar 5,67 kali. Prevalensi metastasis tulang cukup tinggi pada pasien kanker payudara berusia dibawah 40 tahun yaitu sebesar 28,1%.

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Objective: Determine the relationship of tumor size and histopathology grade with bone metastases in breast cancer patients under 40 years old in Dharmais Cancer Hospital, to help improve the quality of management of the clinician.

Methods: Analysis using secondary data. The results of tumor size are grouped into ≤ 5 cm and> 5 cm based on the AJCC TNM staging system from PACS system, obtained through breast radiology imaging and histopathologic grade according to histopathological Nottingham combination obtained from the anatomical pathology expertise, the evaluation of bone metastases using bone scintigraphy. These analyses are based on the total population of breast cancer patients under 40 years old.

Results: The study subjects are 32 female breast cancer under 40 years old from January 2011 to July 2014 Dharmais Cancer Hospital. There is no significant relationship between the tumor size with bone metastasis (P = 0.715 (Fisher exact test), OR = 1.71 (0.32 to 9.36)). There is a significant relationship between the histopathology grade with bone metastases (P = 0.010, P <0.05). From 10 subjects with high grade histopathology, all subjects have no bone metastases. In subjects with moderate grade histopatholog, 8 of 15 subjects have bone metastases. In subjects with a low grade histopathology showed 6 of 7 subjects have no bone metastases. The mean age of 33.2 years and standard deviations of 3.7 years had a higher incidence of bone metastases (P = 0.024). There are additional data and found a significant association between Cerb-b2 / HER-2 positive patients with bone metastases (P = 0.049 (P <0.05), odds ratio = 5.67 (0.84 to 43.16)). The prevalence bone metastasis is equal to 28.1%.

Conclusion: Breast cancer patients under 40 years with large tumor size did not have a higher incidence of bone metastases. Patients with a high grade histopathology do not have higher incidence of bone metastases, but found the incidence of bone metastases was higher in moderate grade histopathology. There are two other factors that also have a relationship with the incidence of bone metastases, that are age and Cerb-br / HER-2. The mean age of 33.2 years with standard deviations of 3.7 years in patients with breast cancer under 40 years old have a higher incidence of bone metastases. Cerb-b2 / HER-2 positive breast cancer patients under 40 years old have a higher incidence of bone metastases with the risk of occurrence 5.67 times. The prevalence of bone metastases in breast cancer patients under the age of 40 years is quite high equal to 28.1%."

"Ovarian cancer is one of the largest cause of death in women. It is often refered to as the silent killer because the symtoms remain unseen to the patient. The number of ovarian cancer cases varies in each country. For example, the rate of ovarian cancer in counties such as Asia and Africa lower rather than in most industrialized countries like Europe and North America, Rate of Epithelial ovarian cancer in women ages 45-49 was 16.4 cases per 100,000 people. The risk of being diagnosed increases with age. The risk more than doubles in women 60 and over with 40 cases per 100,000, and the highest rate at 61 cases to 100,000 is in the age group of women 80-84. Currently, informaiion regarding ovarian cancer in Indonesia is limited, but Dharmais Cancer Hospital found about 30 new cases of ovarian caricer every year. The purpose of this study is to determine the probability of serum albumin levels in the survivors of epithelial ovarian cancer at Dharmais Cancer Hospital in Jakarta in 1996-2004. Design study is retvospective cohort usirg secondary data epithelial ovarian cancer patients at Dharmais Cancer Hospital. The study uses observations of 48 patients from the time of their diagnotion until they are cured, their death or they lost to follow up. The data were analyzed using survival analysis. The resu!ts shows that overall probability five-year survival in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer at the Dharmais Cancer Hospital Jakarta in 1996-2004 is 26.2%. the probability of patients surviving five years on the serum albumin with > 3.6 mg / dl was 36.1% whichis higher than those of patients with serum albumin <3.6 mg / di at 15.7%. After controled by stage of the cancer, the ascites and hemoglobin levels of the patients with an albumin level of < 3.6 mg / dl had a risk of death 7.979 times higher than with an a!tumin fevel > 3.6 mg / dl. "

"ABSTRAKSalah satu dampak yang ditimbulkan dari perkembangan sel kanker yang menginfiltrasi kulit hingga menimbulkan luka. Luka kanker yang dialami penderita kanker menyebabkan ketidaknyamanan secara psikologis, diantaranya gangguan citra tubuh dan stres. Tujuan utama penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan gangguan citra tubuh dengan stres pada pasien luka kanker. Desain penelitian adalah cross-sectional dengan 73 sampel di RS Kanker Dharmais. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah Body Image Scale (BIS) dan Questionnaire on Stress in Cancer Patients (QSC-23). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa responden yang memiliki citra tubuh negatif mengalami stres yang berat, sedangkan sebaliknya, responden yang memiliki citra tubuh positif mengalami stres yang ringan. Hasil Uji chi square menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara citra tubuh dengan stres (p:0,001; α:0,05). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini diharapkan bagi perawat yang memberikan asuhan keperawatan pada pasien luka kanker bisa memberikan edukasi terkait manajemen stres, sehingga pasien dapat meningkatkan kualitas hidupnya.

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ABSTRACTOne impact of the development of cancer cells that infiltrate the skin to cause injury. Malignant wound experienced by patients with cancer causing psychological discomfort, such as body image disturbance and stress. This study?s aim was to determine the relationship of body image disturbance with stress in patients with malignant wound. Its design was cross-sectional with 73 samples Dharmais Cancer Hospital. The instrument used was the Body Image Scale (BIS) and the Questionnaire on Stress in Cancer Patients (QSC-23). The results showed that the respondents have a negative body image experiencing severe stress, while in contrast, respondents who have a positive body image experience mild stress. Chi square test results show there was a significant relationship between body image distress (p: 0.001; α: 0.05). Based on the results of this study are expected for nurses who provide nursing care in patients with cancer lesion can provide education related to stress management, so that patients can improve their quality of life."