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"Pemodelan term structure of interest rate merupakan permasalahan yang cukup penting dalam teori finansial modern. Penelitian ini bertujuan mencari model term structure yang tepat digunakan dalam kasus di Indonesia. Dalam penelitian ini diambil lima sampel model term structure yaitu cubic spline (CS), polinimial pangkat empat (POLY), Nelson-Siegel (NS), Extended Nelson-Siegel-Svensson (ENSS) dan Modifikasi model Extended Nelson-Siegel-Svensson (ModENSS) yang diajukan oleh penulis dengan menggunakan data mingguan transaksi obligasi pemerintah untuk periode Februari 2002 sampai dengan 18 Agustus 2004. Dalam penelitian ini juga diperlihatkan perbedaan antara pemakaian yield to maturity dengan zero-coupon rate dalam pembentukan term structure di Indonesia. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa model ENSS lebih baik dibandingkan keempat model lainnya dalam kriteria in sample ataupun out of sample analisis. Hal ini ditunjukkan dari nilai RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) ataupun MAYE (Mean Absolute Yield Error) yang terkecil dibandingkan model lainnya. Pengujian ANOVA dan uji lanjutan Tukey turut mendukung kesimpulan tersebut. Dengan demikian penambahan satu parameter lagi ke dalam model ENSS yang diajukan oleh penulis ternyata tidak memberikan peningkatan yang signifikan dalam perbaikan model term structure untuk kasus di Indonesia.

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Modeling term structure of interest rate has been one of important problems in financial modern theory. This research is conducted to find term structure model that appropriate to be implemented in Indonesia case. We choose five famous term structure models i.e.: cubic-spline, polynomial 4th order, Nelson-Siegel, Extended Nelson-Siegel-Svensson and Modified Extended Nelson-Siegel-Svensson by adding one more parameter in Extended Nelson-Siegel-Svensson. We used secondary market government securities data from February 2002 to August 2004 in weekly basis to test the model. This paper also shows the different between yield to maturity and zero coupon spot rate information in modeling term structure. We find evidence that Extended-Nelson-Siegel-Svensson method is superior both in sample and out-of sample analysis that it is indicated by the smallest RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) and MAYE (Mean Absolute Error) value compared to the others. Another conclusion was by adding one more parameter into ENSS model, it did not improve term structure model significantly in Indonesia case."

"Laporan magang ini ditulis dengan tujuan menganalisis kinerja FGD (bukan nama sebenarnya) selama tiga periode, yaitu Desember 2023 hingga Februari 2024. FGD merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang jasa keuangan. Analisis dilakukan terhadap proses dan hasil dari tiga laporan yang dibuat secara internal oleh perusahaan, yaitu laporan WAIR, laporan kepada ALCO, dan laporan segmen. Laporan WAIR adalah laporan yang berisi perhitungan rata-rata tingkat bunga dari seluruh kontrak piutang pembiayaan. Laporan kepada ALCO adalah laporan yang berisi rasio-rasio keuangan sebagai indikator kinerja perusahaan seperti yang telah diatur oleh OJK. Laporan segmen adalah laporan yang berisi perubahan nilai akun laporan laba/rugi serta analisis lebih lanjut terkait akun utama penyebab perubahan tersebut. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, kinerja FGD dapat dianalisis dengan baik dan relevan berdasarkan proses dan hasil dari ketiga laporan tersebut meskipun terdapat ketidaksesuaian dan inkonsistensi dalam penggunaan aturan OJK dalam penetapan dan perhitungan rasio-rasio keuangan di laporan kepada ALCO.

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This internship report was written with the aim of analyzing the performance of FGD (not its real name) over three periods, namely December 2023 to February 2024. FGD is a company operating in the financial services sector. Analysis was carried out on the process and results of three reports made internally by the company, namely the WAIR report, the report to ALCO, and the segment report. The WAIR report is a report that contains calculations of the average interest rate for all financing receivable contracts. The report to ALCO is a report containing financial ratios as indicators of company performance as regulated by the OJK. A segment report is a report that contains changes in the value of profit/loss report accounts as well as further analysis regarding the main account that caused the change. Based on the results of the analysis, the performance of the FGD can be analyzed properly and relevantly based on the process and results of the three reports even though there are discrepancies and inconsistencies in the use of OJK rules in determining and calculating financial ratios in reports to ALCO."

"Advanced Financial Risk Management bridges the gap between the idealized assumptions used for risk valuation and the realities that must be reflected in management actions. It explains, in detailed yet easy-to-understand terms, the analytics of these issues from A to Z, and lays out a comprehensive strategy for risk management measurement, objectives, and hedging techniques that apply to all types of institutions. Written by experienced risk managers, the book covers everything from the basics of present value, forward rates, and interest rate compounding to the wide variety of alternative term structure models.Revised and updated with lessons from the 2007-2010 financial crisis, Advanced Financial Risk Management outlines a framework for fully integrated risk management. Credit risk, market risk, asset and liability management, and performance measurement have historically been thought of as separate disciplines, but recent developments in financial theory and computer science now allow these views of risk to be analyzed on a more integrated basis. The book presents a performance measurement approach that goes far beyond traditional capital allocation techniques to measure risk-adjusted shareholder value creation, and supplements this strategic view of integrated risk with step-by-step tools and techniques for constructing a risk management system that achieves these objectives."

"Penerbitan obligasi subordinasi merupakan alternatif bagi bank untuk memperkuat modal sehingga dapat meningkatkan penyaluran kreditnya kepada nasabah. Ketika bank menerbitkan subordinasi dengan bunga tetap, maka bank akan terpapar risiko suku bunga. Sebagai bentuk manajemen risiko, bank melakukan lindung nilai (hedging) dengan menggunakan instrumen derivatif Interest Rate Swap. Agar pendapatan dari aktivitas hedging dapat dibukukan sebagai penyeimbang dari perubahan fair value obligasi subordinasi, bank dapat melakukan hedge accounting. Untuk memenuhi kualifikasi pembukuan dengan hedge accounting, bank harus dapat memastikan bahwa tingkat efektivitas hedging tetap tinggi. Tingkat efektivitas hedging dapat diuji dengan menggunakan metode dollar offset dan regresi linear. Dari hasil pengujian terlihat metode regresi linear merupakan metode yang paling tepat untuk mengukur efektivitas hedging obligasi dengan menggunakan Interest Rate Swap.

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The issuance of subordinated bonds is an alternative for banks to strengthen capital and increase their lending to customers. When bank issuing fixed rate subordinated bonds, banks will be exposed to interest rate risk. As a form of risk management, bank hedge those bonds with derivatives instrument, Interest Rate Swap. The earnings from hedging activies can be recorded as an offset from changes in fair value of subordinated bonds if bank perform hedge accounting. To qualify for hedge accounting, bank must be able to ensure that the level of hedging effectiveness remain high. The level of hedging effectiveness can be tested using the dollar offset method and linear regression. Test result shown that linear regression is the most appropriate method to measure the effectiveness of hedging the bonds with Interest Rate Swap."