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"Pajanan Pb dapat terakumulasi di dalam darah manusia sesuai lama waktu pajanan dan berdampak pada kesehatan. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah menganalisis lama waktu pajanan terhadap kadar Pb, kadar Haemoglobin, kadar Kreatinin dan Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) dalam darah sehingga dapat diketahui perbedaannya dan dampak kesehatannya_ Responden dibagi 3 kelompok berdasarkan lama kerja berturut-turut 1 tahun, 5 tahun dan 10 tahun masing-masing kelompok 30 responden kemudian diambil darah vena ± 9 cc. Analisis Pb dengan alat Atomic Absorbance Spectrofotometer Graphite Furnace (AAS-GF), analisis kadar Haemoglobin menggunakan Haematology Analiser Otomatic dengan metoda Siarunethemoglobin. Kadar 1Creatinin dart BUN diukur dengan alat Autoanaliser Spectrofotometer, dengan metoda Jaffe untuk kreatinin dan metoda Kinetik UV untuk BUN. Rata-rata kadar Pb sopir dengan lama ketja 10 tahun adalah 86,747 ± 25,712; 5 tahun 65,360 ± 18,098 dart < 1 (alum : 53,107 ± 20,950 dengan peningkatan secara signiftkan sesuai larna keda (P < 0,000) kadar 14 mg/dl di temukan pada kelompok 10 tabon sebanyak 43,3 %, kelompok 5 Whim 3,3% dan kelompok 5. 1 tahun sebanyak 10 % dengan peningkatan secara signifikan sesuai lama kerja ( P <0,000). Rata-rata kadar Kreatinin sopir dengan lama kerja kelompok 10 tahun : 0,874 0,098, kelompok 5 tahtm : 0,843 ± 0,077 dan kelompok < 1 talum : 0,828 + 0,102, tidak ada perhedaan hermakna (P < 0,707). Terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna (P< 0,012) pada rata-rata kadar BUN kelompok sopir lama ketja 10 tahun, 5 tahun dan < I tahun, yaitu herturnt-turut 24,767 ± 5,036 ; 22,367 ± 3,819 dan 21,267 ± 4,727. Kesimpulan lama waktu pajanan Pb berpengaruh terhadap tinggi kadar Pb dalam darah (terakumulasi) sehingga meningkatkan angka kejadian anemia, dan meningkatkan kadar BUN dalam daralt, teiapi tidak mempengaruhi kadar kreatinin darah.

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Pb exposure can be accumulated in human blood in proportion to the exposure duration and it impacts on health_ The purpose of this research was to analyze the influence of exposure duration on Pb content, hemoglobin content, creatinin content, and Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) in blood so as to find out its differences and its impact on health. The respondents were divided into 3 groups based on the working duration of respectively 1 year, S years. and 10 years, each consisting of 30 respondents, and then vena blood of _± .9 cc was taken. The analysis of Pb was by Atomic Absorbance Spectrophotometer Graphite Furnace (AAS--GF), whereas the analysis of Hemoglobin content used Hematology Analyzer Automatic by Sianmethemoglobin method. Creatinin and BUN contents were measured by Autocznalyzer Spectrophotometer, by using fee method for c..reatinin and UV Kinetics method for BUN. Average Pb content of drivers with a 10-year working duration was 86.747± 25.772; 5 years: 65.360 43.3% d- 18.098; and < 1 year: 53.107 ± 20.950, with a significant increase in proportion to the working duration (P <0.000). Jib content < 14 mg/d1 was found in the 10-years group of 43.3%, 5-years group of 3_3%, and < 1-year group of 10%, with a significant increase in proportion to the working duration (P<0.000). The average creatinin content of the drivers with a working duration qf 10- years group: 0.874 ± 0.098. 5-years group: 0.843 .± 0.077, and S 1-year group: 0.828 d.0.102, there is an insignificard dOerence (P<0.707). There is a significant difference (P<0.012) in the average BUN content of the drivers of 10-years, 5-years, and <1-year groups, that is, 24.767 ± 5.036. 22.367 .± 3.819, and 21.2671-4.721 respectively. Conclusion: the duration of Pb exposure has influence on Pb content in blood (accumulated) so that it increases incidence rate of anemia, and it also increases BUN content in blood, but it has no influence on blood creatinin content."

"Sopir angkutan kota (angkot) atau mikrolet di Terminal Kampung Melayu, Jakarta Timur, menghabiskan waktu berjam-jam di jalan sehingga terpajan particulate matter (PM2,5) dalam konsentrasi yang tinggi sehingga dapat menyebabkan masalah kesehatan bahkan kematian dini melalui mekanisme stres oksidatif. Malondialdehyde (MDA) adalah salah satu produk sampingan dari stres oksidatif yang menjadi biomarker peroksidasi lipid. Dalam tesis ini, peneliti mengukur PM2,5 pada 130 driver saat mereka mengendarai angkot selama satu kali pulang pergi. Kadar MDA diperiksa dari sampel urin, indeks massa tubuh (IMT) diukur dengan berat dan tinggi badan, dan data variabel lainnya (masa kerja, durasi kerja, kebiasaan merokok, konsumsi alkohol, konsumsi vitamin, konsumsi minuman energi, kebiasaan olahraga, dan trayek angkutan) dikumpulkan dengan kuesioner dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pajanan PM2,5 dan IMT secara signifikan berhubungan dengan kadar MDA (p <0,05). Secara keseluruhan, tesis ini menyarankan pengemudi untuk mengontrol berat badannya agar kadar MDA dalam tubuh tidak meningkat serta agar sopir melindungi kesehatan dirinya.

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Mikrolet drivers in Terminal Kampung Melayu, East Jakarta, who spent long hours on road are exposed to the high concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2,5) which can lead to health problem even premature death through oxidative stress mechanism. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is one of byproduct from oxidative stress which becomes a biomarker of lipid peroxidation. In this study, we measured PM2,5 in 130 drivers while they were driven one round trip. MDA levels were examined from a urine sample, body mass index (BMI) were measured with body weight and height, and other variables data (working year, work duration per day, smoking habit, alcohol consumption, vitamin consumption, energy drink consumption, sports activities, and driving route) were collected by questionnaire and observation. The result shows that PM2,5 exposures and BMI were significantly associated with MDA levels (p <0.05). Overall, these results suggest drivers maintain their body weight to reduce MDA levels and protect drivers' health."

"Benzene (C6H6) is one of chemicals which there is in glue. adhesion process of shoe at small industry enables happened absorbtion of benzen through inhalation because it has volatile characteristic. One of long - range benzen effect chronically is damage of bone morrow slowly and irreversible causing the happening of leucopenia, aplastic anemia or even leukimia. The Goal of research is to know the relation along of exposure with haemoglobin ate and number of blood leucocyties to sandal worker who exposed by benzen in glue in Kampong Gunung Roay sub-district of Kahuripan district Tawang Tasikmalaya. Research using survey methods and cross sectional approach. Sample 28 purposively are chosen out of 32 mans is working for part of adhesion. Data analized with Rank spearman test. Result of the research showing responden who have normaly haemoglobin rate that is between 14 - 18 mg/dl are 24 responders (85,7%) and number of normaly blood leucocyties between 4000-10000 mm3 are 21 responders (75%) and leucocyte > 10000counted 7 responder (25%). Based on Rank Spearman indicated there is significantly correlation between eksposure with rate Hemoglobin p=0, 048 at a 0,05 and strength of medium relationship 378 and there is where r = 0, 378 and there is relationship significant between eksposure with number of Leukocyt with value p = 0,021 at a 0,05 and strength of medium relationship of r = 0,433"

"Pada tahun 2017 Kota depok memiliki tingkat hipertensi primer mencapai angka 27,08% pada tahun 2017. Berdasarkan Riskesdas 2018 hasil tersebut mendekati prevalensi hipertensi Nasional yaitu sebesar (31,6%). Faktor risiko hipertensi yang diduga kuat oleh peneliti yaitu perilaku merokok di kalangan sopir hal tersebut mengacu pemeriksaan mengenai tingkat hipertensi yang dilakukan oleh Kementerian Kesehatan tahun 2013 terhadap supir bus, sebanyak 234 dari 314 responden yang diperiksa menderita hipertensi. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk memberikan gambaran mengenai adanya hubungan antara kadar kotinin urin yang disebabkan oleh perilaku merokok sopir angkot terhadap gejala hipertensi serta variabel lain seperti riwayat hipertensi keluarga, aktivitas fisik, Indeks Masa Tubuh dan konsumsi alkohol menggunakan desain studi crossectional. Sebanyak 84,4% responden memiliki kadar kotinin ≥200 ng/mL, 13 responden (28,9%) mengalami gejala tekanan darah hipertensi. Dalam penelitian ini tidak ditemukan hubungan antara kadar kotinin dengan hipertensi (p value = 0,093). Namun terdapat hubungan antara riwayat hipertensi keluarga (p value = 0,004). Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa mayoritas responden memiliki kadar kotinin yang tinggi akibat dari aktivitas merokok yang tinggi dan penemuan hipertensi juga tinggi

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In 2017 Depok had a primary hypertension rate reaching 27.08% in 2017. Based on the Indonesia Basic Health Research 2018 the precentages approached the National Hypertension prevalence that is equal to (31.6%). The risk factor for hypertension that is strongly suspected by researchers is smoking behavior among drivers. It refers to an examination of the level of hypertension conducted by the Ministry of Health in 2013 on bus drivers, 234 of 314 respondents who were examined were suffering from hypertension. This study aims to provide an overview of the relationship between urinary cotinine levels caused by the smoking behavior of public transportation drivers on the symptoms of hypertension and other variables such as family history of hypertension, physical activity, Body Mass Index and alcohol consumption using a cross-sectional study design. As many as 84.4% of respondents had cotinin levels ≥200 ng / mL, 13 respondents (28.9%) experienced symptoms of hypertension. In this study no relationship was found between cotinin levels and hypertension (p value = 0.093). But there is a relationship between family history of hypertension (p value = 0.004). From this study it can be concluded that the majority of respondents have high levels of cotinine as a result of high smoking activity and the discovery of hypertension is also high."

"Penggunaan BBM di Indonesia masih didominasi oleh penggunaan bensin bertimbal, sehingga makin besar konsumsi energi BBM dari bensin bertimbal, maka makin tinggi tingkat pencemaran timbal (Pb) di udara ambien. Efek Pb terhadap sistem haemapoietic menyebabkan berkurangnya synthesis haemoglobin dan rnenyebabkan anemia. Di Kota Sukabumi saat ini penggunaan bahan bakar minyak (BBM) masih didominasi oleh penggunaan bensin bertimbal. Salah satu pekerja yang memiliki resiko tinggi terpapar Pb adalah pegawai UPTD Terminal Dinas Perhubungan Kota Sukabumi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Pb di udara ambien dan hubungannya dengan Pb dalam darah serta kejadian anemia pada pegawai UPTD Terminal Dinas Perhubungan Kota Sukabumi Tahun 2007.

Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional. Populasi dan sampel adalah pegawai UPTD Terminal, dengan besar sampel sebanyak 44 pegawai yang diambil secara total sampling. Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya diolah secara statistik menggunakan teknik analisis distribusi frekuensi dan uji chi square.

Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa : ada hubungan yang signifikan antara kadar Pb di udara ambien pada lingkungan kerja dengan kadar Pb dalam darah pada pegawai, ada hubungan yang signifikan antara kadar Pb dalam darah dengan kadar Hb darah pada pegawai, dan ada hubungan yang signiiikan antara umur dengan kadar Pb dalam darah pada pegawai UPTD Terminal. Selanjutnya, didapat bahwa tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara; kebiasaan merokok, memakai masker, dengan kadar Pb dalam darah pada pegawai UPTD Temainal.

Hasil penelitian ini semakin memperjelas betapa pentingnya pengendalian pencemaran udara khususnya pencemaran Pb di udara Upaya penghapusan bensin bertimbal sudah tidak dapat ditunda lagi untuk mencegah dampak kesehatan dan kerugian biaya yang ditanggung oleh masyarakat.

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BBM usage in Indonesia still dominated by lead gasoline, so that consumption of BBM energy from lead gasoline increasing, then lead (Pb) pollution level in ambient air is more and more increasing. Pb effect toward haemopoietic system caused the decreasing of hemoglobin synthesis and causing anemia. At Sukabumi recently, BBM usage still dominated by lead gasoline usage. One of the workers that has high risk of exposed to Pb is Terminal UPTD employee of Sukaburni City Transportation Department. The purpose of the study is to find out the relation between Pb in the ambient air and Pb in blood and anemia cases of transportation department a employees of UPTD terminal at Sukabumi 2007.

Research design used is cross sectional. Population and sample are Tenninal UPTD employee, with total samples of 44 employees that gathered by total sampling. Further obtained data processed statistically using analysis technique of frequency distribution and chi square test.

From research result, obtained that: there is significant relation between Pb level in ambient air of working environment with Pb level in employees blood, there is significant relation between Pb level in blood and blood Hb in employees, and there is significant relation between age and Pb level in employees blood of Terminal UPTD. Accumulation of Pb level could not define in those employees blood because exposed to Pb in ambient air of work environment Furthermore, obtained that there are no signiiicant relations between smoking behaviors along as well as using mask with Pb level in employees? blood of Terminal UPTD.

The result of this research clarifies the importance of controlling air pollution especially from Pb contamination. The effort for elimination of gasoline containing Pb can not be delay to prevent the impact to health and the loss of expense that burden by the people."

"Latar belakang. Pencemaran udara telah menjadi masalah global tahunan sejak beberapa tahun belakangan. Pencemaran udara dapat mengakibatkan berbagai dampak buruk bagi kesehatan. Salah satu komponen zat pencemar udara yang umum ditemukan di kota-kota besar di dunia yaitu PM2,5, polutan yang dapat menyebabkan gangguan fungsi paru. Sumber terbesar dari pencemaran PM2,5 di udara ambien perkotaan berasal dari asap kendaraan bermotor.Tujuan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengatahui hubungan antara konsentrasi pajanan PM2,5 dan gangguan fungsi paru pada sopir angkutan kota Terminal Kampung Melayu, Jakata Timur. Metode. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode observasi dengan desain studi cross-sectional untuk mengetahui hubungan konsentrasi pajanan PM2,5 dan gangguan fungsi paru pada sopir angkutan kota Terminal Kampung Melayu, Jakata Timur. 125 sopir angkutan kota terlibat sebagai subjek pada penelitian ini.Hasil. Dari 125 sopir yang terlibat, ada 72 sopir angkutan kota yang mengalami gangguan fungsi paru dengan persentase sebesar 57,6%. Konsentrasi rata-rata PM2.5 yaitu 90,99 μg/m3. Nilai P konstan dari uji regresi logistik antara gangguan fungsi paru dengan konsentrasi PM2.5, umur, lama kerja dan riwayat penyakit paru, yaitu 0,039. Kesimpulan. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah ditemukan adanya hubungan antara gangguan fungsi paru yang dialami oleh sopir angkutan kota Terminal Kampung Melayu, Jakarta Timur dengan Konsentrasi PM2.5, setelah setelah dikontrol oleh variabel umur, lama kerja, serta riwayat penyakit paru.

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Background. Air pollutions has been becoming annual global issue for the past fiew years. Air Pollutions can cause various adverse effects on health. One component of air pollutants which commonly found in major cities in the world is PM2.5, a pollutant that can cause lung function impairments. The biggest source of PM2.5 pollutions in urban air comes from motor vehicle combustion.

Purpose. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between exposure of PM2.5 and impaired lung function on Public Transportation Drivers of Kampung Melayu Terminal, East Jakarta. Methods. This study was conducted by the observation method with a cross-sectional study design to determine the relationship between PM2.5 exposure concentration and lung function impairment in the public transportation drivers of Kampung Melayu Terminal, East Jakarta. 125 drivers were involved as subjects in this study.

Results. There were 72 public transportation drivers, of the 125 drivers involved, who experienced lung function impairments (57.6%). The mean PM2.5 concentration was 90.99 μg / m3. The constant P value from the logistic regression test between lung function impairments and PM2.5 concentrations, controlled by age, length of work and a history of lung disease is 0.039. Conclution. The conclusion from this study is lung function impairments experienced by public transportation drivers of Kampung Melayu Terminal, East Jakarta were associated with PM2.5 concentration, after being controlled by variables of age, length of work, and a history of lung disease."

"Sumber pencemaran udara saat ini makin bertambah, hal ini dikarenakan makin bertambahnya jumlah kendaraan bermotor dan tidak bertambahnya ruas jalan. Emisi dari sumber-sumber tersebut akan meningkat selaras dengan meningkatnya jumlah penduduk. Jumlah kendaraan bermotor itu yang bertambah dan bahan bakar yang dipakai banyak menggunakan Bahan Bakar Minyak mengandung timah hitam sangat berkontribusi sebagai penyumbang kendaraan bermotor. Dampak timah hitam yang dikeluarkan oleh kendaraan bermotor sangat mempengaruhi kesehatan terutama para kelompok risiko yang sering berada di jalan raya. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di 12 pos polisi lalu lintas di wilayah kota Palembang, dengan unit analisis polisi lalu lintas yang berada di jalan raya pada Poltabes kota Palembang dengan sampel seluruh populasi sebanyak 40 orang, dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui latar belakang keterpaparan timah hitam di dalam darah polisi lalu lintas dan dampak kesehatannya.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasi dengan pendekatan "cross sectional" menggunakan analisis data kuantitatif. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan cara wawancara menggunakan kuesioner dan pengukuran Pb udara serta pengambilan sampel darah pada polisi lalu lintas di kota Palembang. Data yang diperoleh kemudian diolah secara statistik menggunakan teknik analisis distribusi frekuensi, uji chi squre serta fisher's exact.Dari hasil penelitian ini diperoleh 15 % responden memiliki kadar Pb lebih dari 40 µg/100 ml. Berdasarkan analisis bivariat ternyata ada hubungan antara masa kerja dan pemakaian masker dengan kadar Pb darah pada polisi lalu lintas, sedangkan variabel jam kerja dan kebiasaan merokok tidak ada hubungan dengan kadar Pb darah pada polisi lalu lintas. Dengan menggunanakan analisis regresi logistik variabel jam kerja dan kebiasaan merokok tidak ada hubungan dengan kadar Pb darah pada polisi lalu lintas sedangkan masa kerja dan pemakaian masker dengan nilai p masing - masing untuk masa kerja (p=0,005), pemakaian masker (p= 0,026). Dari analisis ini pula dapat diketahui variabel yang mempunyai pengaruh pada kadar Pb dan Hb yaitu pemakaian masker.Dengan melihat hasil penelitian tersebut penggunaan masker pada polisi lalu lintas harus dilaksanakan dengan baik, terutama pada saat bertugas dijalan raya dalam mengatur lalu lintas kendaraan, terutama peraturan yang jelas untuk pergantian masa berugas di tiap bagian dengan dibuatnya rotasi kerja, hal ini untuk menjaga jangan sampai polisi lalu lintas terlalu lama terpapar dengan pencemaran.

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Pb Concentration Influence in the Air Ambient on Pb of Blood Degree with Traffic Police Anemia Cases at Palembang City 2004Air pollution?s sources increasingly accrue currently, this condition was caused by accretion of the number of vehicles and the roadway was not increase. Emission of the source will increase as long as the accretion of human population. The amount of vehicles, which keep growing, and the fuel that consumed, use much of oil fuel which contain the valuable lead as motor vehicles contributor. The lead impact of motor vehicles was significantly affects especially on the risk group, that is the one who often been on the avenue.

This research took place at 12 posts of traffic police in Palembang district, with traffic police analysis unit was located on highway at Palembang City's Poltabes by all of population of 40 persons, with objective is to find out the background of the lead contamination in traffic police's blood and the health impacts.

This research is observation with "cross sectional" approach, uses quantitative data analysis. The data picked by interview using questioner and measuring Pb of air, also picking blood samples on Palembang traffic police. Then, the results of data maintain statistically using the frequency distribution analysis technical, chi square and fisher's exact test.

From the results of this research get 15% respondent which contains Pb degree more than 40 µg/100 ml. Based on bivariate analysis, apparently, there was correlation of job period and mask employing with Pb blood degree on traffic police, meanwhile, job period variables and smoking habit was not have correlation with Pb blood degree of traffic police. Using logistic regression analysis of job period variable and smoking habit there was not have correlation with Pb blood degree on traffic police, whereas job period and mask employing have p value, both for job period (p=x.005), mask employing (p-0.026). From this analysis too, we can learn the variables that have influence to Pb and Hb degree, that is mask employer.

Having perception regarding the result of research, mask utilization on traffic police have to well maintain, especially when works on the road for organizing traffic, and overt regulation for turning job period over at every segments by making job rotation, those are for avoiding contamination of traffic police."

"Latar Belakang: Penyemprot cat mobil adalah salah satu pekerjaan yang sering mengakibatkan pajanan logam berat di tempat kerja, salah satunya adalah kromium. Banyak efek kesehatan yang terkait dengan pajanan senyawa Cr VI . Melihat bahaya dan gangguan kesehatan akibat senyawa Cr VI serta pajanan yang ada dengan kebiasaan-kebiasaan para pekerja cat duco yang tidak memakai alat perlindungan diri dan merokok. Peneliti ingin meneliti korelasi lama pajanan dengan Cr VI darah serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi peningkatan kadar Cr VI darah.Metode: Desain penelitian menggunakan metode cross-sectional dengan total sampel sebesar 45 orang menggunakan data sekunder dari penelitian Prodia OHI tahun 2017. Usia, masa kerja, kadar Cr VI udara personal, lama pajanan, pajanan total, kebiasaaan merokok, kebiasaan konsumsi makanan laut makanan kaleng, sumber air minum, dan penggunaan APD adalah variabel-variabel yang diteliti.Hasil: Korelasi kadar kromium dalam darah dengan variabel-variabel yang diteliti tidak ada yang bermakna secara statistik. Korelasi kadar kromium dalam derah dengan usia p = 0,221 dan r = -0,186 , masa kerja p = 0,453 dan r = -0,115 , kadar Cr VI udara personal p = 861 dan r = 0,027 , lama pajanan p = 0,975 dan r = 0,005 , dan pajanan total p = 0,151 dan r = 0,218 . Hubungan kadar Cr VI darah dengan pajanan di luar pekerjaan juga tidak ada yang menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik. Hubungan kadar kromium darah dengan kebiasaan merokok p = 0,257 , konsumsi makanan laut p = 0,692 , konsumsi makanan kaleng p = 0,307 , dan sumber air minum p = 0,599 . Semua responden tidak menggunakan APD sehingga tidak dapat dianalisis.Kesimpulan: Tidak ada korelasi antara kadar Cr VI darah dengan lama pajanan. Karakteristik perkerjaan di sektor informal yang tidak menentu jumlahnya, variasinya sangat luas antar tiap responden, dan banyaknya faktor perancu lain yang sulit dikendalikan.

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Background Car paint sprayers are one of the jobs that often lead to heavy metal exposure in the workplace, one of which is chromium. Many health effects are associated with exposure to Cr VI compounds. Looking the health hazards of Cr VI compounds and existing exposures with the habits of duco sprayers which smoking and never use any self protection equipment. Researchers wanted to examine the correlation between exposure duration with Cr VI blood levels as well as factors that affecting it.Method The study design used a cross sectional method with a total sample of 45 people using secondary data from Prodia OHI study in 2017. Age, working period, Cr VI personal air levels, exposure duration, total exposure, smoking habits, seafood canned food consumption habits, drinking water sources, and the use of PPE are the variables studied.Result Correlation of chromium blood levels with the studied variables was not significant. The correlation of chromium blood levels with age p 0,221 and r 0,186 , working period p 0,453 and r 0,115 , Cr VI personal air levels p 861 and r 0,027 , exposure duration p 0.975 and r 0.005 , and total exposure p 0.151 and r 0.218 . The association of Cr VI blood levels with non occupational exposure also did not show significant associations. The correlation of chromium blood levels with smoking habit p 0,257 , seafood consumption p 0,692 , consumption of canned food p 0,307 , and drinking water source p 0,599 . All respondents did not use PPE so it can not be analyzed.Conclusion There is no correlation between Cr VI blood levels with the exposure duration. The characteristics of work in the informal sector that are uncertain in number, the variation is very wide among each respondent, and many other confounding factors that are difficult to control."