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ABSTRACTThe second edition evolves from the first by providing additional emphasis and material for those students wishing to specialize in environmental modelling. This edition: Focuses on simplifying complex environmental systems. Reviews current software, tools and techniques for modelling. Gives practical examples from a wide variety of disciplines, e.g. climatology, ecology, hydrology, geomorphology and engineering. Has an associated website containing colour images, links to WWW resources and chapter support pages, including data sets relating to case studies, exercises and model animations. This book is suitable for final year undergraduates and postgraduates in environmental modelling, environmental science, civil engineering and biology who will already be familiar with the subject and are moving on to specialize in the field. It is also designed to appeal to professionals interested in the environmental sciences, including environmental consultants, government employees, civil engineers, geographers, ecologists, meteorologists, and geochemists."

"Penelitian ini menguji pengaruh kemampuan manajerial terhadap penghindaran pajak dan bagaimana pengaruh moderasi ketidakpastian lingkungan antara hubungan kemampuan manajerial terhadap penghindaran pajak. Penelitian ini menggunakan 450 observasi dari 90 sampel perusahaan publik BEI selama periode 2011-2015. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengaruh negatif hubungan antara kemampuan manajerial dan penghindaran pajak, yang berarti bahwa manajer dengan kemampuan yang lebih tinggi terlibat dalam penghindaran pajak serta tidak menemukan pengaruh moderasi ketidakpastian lingkungan antara hubungan kemampuan manajerial terhadap penghindaran pajak.

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This study examines the effect of managerial ability and tax avoidance and how the effect of environmental uncertainty moderation between the relationship of managerial ability on tax avoidance. This study uses 450 observations obtained from 90 samples of Indonesian listed companies during the period 2011 2015. The results show a negative relationship effect between managerial ability and tax avoidance, which means that managers with higher abilities are involved in tax avoidance and do not find the effect of environmental uncertainty moderation between the relationship of managerial ability to tax avoidance. "

"This monograph offers a systematic quantitative approach to the analysis, evaluation, and design of electoral systems. Today, electoral reform is of concern to newborn democracies as well as many old ones. The authors use mathematical models and automatic procedures, when possible, to solve some of the problems that arise in the comparison of existing systems as well as in the construction of new ones. One distinctive feature of the book is the emphasis on single- and multiple-criteria optimization methods. This powerful tool kit will help political researchers evaluate and choose an appropriate electoral system. A general formal model is included as well as a coding system to describe, identify, and classify electoral systems. Evaluation criteria and the corresponding performance indicators are discussed. A treatment of electoral formulas as algorithms to minimize actual cost functions or disproportionality indexes is also included. Neutral automatic procedures for political districting are presented, and the process of electoral reform is analyzed from historical and political points of view. Targeted toward mathematically trained scientists (applied mathematicians, operations researchers, and statisticians) and written in clear and simple language, this monograph is largely accessible to political and social scientists as well. A basic knowledge of elementary set theory and integer programming and graph theory is advisable, although not essential, to fully appreciate some technical features."

"The book has two aims, to introduce basic concepts of environmental modelling and to facilitate the application of the concepts using modern numerical tools such as MATLAB. MATLAB was chosen as the major computer tool for modeling, firstly because it is unique in it's capabilities, and secondly because it is available in most academic institutions, in all universities and in the research departments of many companies. Text and figures were adapted to the recent MATLAB® version. "