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"Laser telah menjadi teknologi yang bermanfaat dalam tatalaksana inkompetensi katup vena terutama pada vena-vena superfisial. Ablasi termal endovena menggunakan teknologi laser yang dipandu oleh ultrasonografi memberikan alternatif terapi selain tindakan bedah vena saphena. Tingkat keberhasilan yang tinggi, komplikasi kecil, dan teknik invasif minimal merupakan kelebihan dari teknik ini dibandingkan dengan pengobatan terdahulu. Pada ilustrasi kasus ini, kami jabarkan terapi laser endovena untuk pengobatan varises vena saphena magna. Pengembangan terapi laser endovena masih diperlukan,melalui pemantauan jangka panjang dan sistem pelaporan yang seragam maka hal ini dapat terwujud.

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Laser has become a useful technology in treating venous incompetence especially superficial venous disease. Introduction of endovenous thermal ablation through endovenous laser therapy helped by duplex ultrasound guidance has provided an alternative for traditional saphenous vein stripping. High success rate, minor complications, and minimally invasive technique provide the advantages over traditional treatment. In this case illustrated, the endovenous laser therapy used for great saphenous varicose vein. Yet, future development in endovenous laser therapy is still needed and only long term follow-up and uniform reporting standards will provide the answers."

"ABSTRAK Latar belakang Tindakan ablasi endovenous untuk varises tungkai di Indonesia mulai dikerjakan tahun 2010 EVLT dikerjakan di RSCM tahun 2013 dan MOCA dikerjakan di RSUP Fatmawati tahun 2014 Belum ada evaluasi terhadap rekanalisasi pasca tindakan MOCA dan EVLT di Indonesia Metode Studi ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan desain cross sectional Subjek pasca MOCA atau EVLT dengan rentang waktu 3 18 bulan pasca tindakan diwawancara dan dilakukan pemeriksaan USG vaskular pada tungkai yang dioperasi untuk menilai rekanalisasi Data sekunder praoperasi diambil dari rekam medis Dicari karakteristik klinis subjek membandingkan kecenderungan rekanalisasi pasca tindakan MOCA dan EVLT dicari hubungan antara karakteristik klinis subjek dengan kejadian rekanalisasi Data diolah dengan SPSS ver 20 0 Hasil Didapatkan 43 sampel tungkai terdiri dari 24 tungkai pasca MOCA dan 19 tungkai pasca EVLT Karakteristik subjek MOCA terbanyak usia 7 mm 13 19 tungkai Pada MOCA rekanalisasi total didapatkan 2 24 dan partial 8 24 tungkai sedangkan pada EVLT rekanalisasi total 1 19 dan partial 3 19 tungkai Hubungan antara karakteristik klinis subjek dengan kejadian rekanalisasi p 0 05 Kesimpulan Kecenderungan rekanalisasi MOCA lebih tinggi dibandingkan EVLT Tidak ada hubungan bermakna antara karakteristik klinis subjek dengan kejadian rekanalisasi secara statistik namun diameter terbesar VSM 7 mm sebelum operasi secara proporsional lebih tinggi MOCA 3 4 tungkai dibandingkan EVLT 3 13 tungkai ABSTRACT Background Endovenous ablation for varicose vein of the limb in Indonesia has been done since 2010 EVLT has been done in RSCM since 2013 and MOCA in RSUP Fatmawati in 2014 There has not any evaluation been done for recanalization post MOCA and EVLT procedure in Indonesia Method This study was descriptive analytic with cross sectional design Subjects post MOCA or EVLT with time span 3 18 months post procedure are interviewed and USG vascular examination is done on operated limb in order to evaluate the recanalization Secondary data pre surgery are taken from medical records Clinical characteristics of the subjects are seek comparing possibility of recanalization post MOCA and EVLT procedure in order to see the correlation between clinical characteristics of subjects and recanalization Data is treated using SPSS ver 20 0Results Forty three samples were collected consists of 24 extremities post MOCA samples and 19 extremities post EVLT samples Most subjects on MOCA group were 7mm were 13 19 extremities On MOCA group total recanalization were 2 24 extremities and partial were 8 24 extremities EVLT group total recanalization were 1 19 extremities and partial were 3 19 extremities Relationship between subjects clinical characteristics with recanalization event p 0 05 Conclusion Recanalization tendency in MOCA is higher compared to EVLT There is no statistically significant assosiation between clinical characteristic of the subjects and recanalization but the highest diameter VSM 7 mm pre surgery proportionally is higher in MOCA 3 4 extremities compared to EVLT 3 13 extremities ;Background Endovenous ablation for varicose vein of the limb in Indonesia has been done since 2010 EVLT has been done in RSCM since 2013 and MOCA in RSUP Fatmawati in 2014 There has not any evaluation been done for recanalization post MOCA and EVLT procedure in Indonesia Method This study was descriptive analytic with cross sectional design Subjects post MOCA or EVLT with time span 3 18 months post procedure are interviewed and USG vascular examination is done on operated limb in order to evaluate the recanalization Secondary data pre surgery are taken from medical records Clinical characteristics of the subjects are seek comparing possibility of recanalization post MOCA and EVLT procedure in order to see the correlation between clinical characteristics of subjects and recanalization Data is treated using SPSS ver 20 0Results Forty three samples were collected consists of 24 extremities post MOCA samples and 19 extremities post EVLT samples Most subjects on MOCA group were 7mm were 13 19 extremities On MOCA group total recanalization were 2 24 extremities and partial were 8 24 extremities EVLT group total recanalization were 1 19 extremities and partial were 3 19 extremities Relationship between subjects clinical characteristics with recanalization event p 0 05 Conclusion Recanalization tendency in MOCA is higher compared to EVLT There is no statistically significant assosiation between clinical characteristic of the subjects and recanalization but the highest diameter VSM 7 mm pre surgery proportionally is higher in MOCA 3 4 extremities compared to EVLT 3 13 extremities ;Background Endovenous ablation for varicose vein of the limb in Indonesia has been done since 2010 EVLT has been done in RSCM since 2013 and MOCA in RSUP Fatmawati in 2014 There has not any evaluation been done for recanalization post MOCA and EVLT procedure in Indonesia Method This study was descriptive analytic with cross sectional design Subjects post MOCA or EVLT with time span 3 18 months post procedure are interviewed and USG vascular examination is done on operated limb in order to evaluate the recanalization Secondary data pre surgery are taken from medical records Clinical characteristics of the subjects are seek comparing possibility of recanalization post MOCA and EVLT procedure in order to see the correlation between clinical characteristics of subjects and recanalization Data is treated using SPSS ver 20 0Results Forty three samples were collected consists of 24 extremities post MOCA samples and 19 extremities post EVLT samples Most subjects on MOCA group were 7mm were 13 19 extremities On MOCA group total recanalization were 2 24 extremities and partial were 8 24 extremities EVLT group total recanalization were 1 19 extremities and partial were 3 19 extremities Relationship between subjects clinical characteristics with recanalization event p 0 05 Conclusion Recanalization tendency in MOCA is higher compared to EVLT There is no statistically significant assosiation between clinical characteristic of the subjects and recanalization but the highest diameter VSM 7 mm pre surgery proportionally is higher in MOCA 3 4 extremities compared to EVLT 3 13 extremities "

"ABSTRAKLatar BelakangPenelitian ini membahas tentang hubungan antara posisi kerja berdiri dengan varises tungkai pada perawat perempuan. Kejadian varises tungkai diduga berkaitan dengan posisi kerja berdiri dan lebih sering terjadi pada perempuan (dalam populasi umumnya) serta berdampak cukup besar secara ekonomi pada perusahaan untuk pengobatan penyakit ini.TujuanTujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui prevalensi varises tungki di kalangan perawat perempuan dan mengetahui hubungan antara posisi kerja berdiri dengan kejadian varises tungkai serta status demografi seperti umur, riwayat varises dalam keluarga, status gizi, penggunaan KB hormonal, jumlah anak dan lama kerja pada perawat perempuan di RS X.MetodePenelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode potong lintang. Data yang dikumpulkan pada bulan Maret-April 2016. Subyek penelitian 171 orang perawat perempuan di RS X yang dipilih berdasarkan kriteria inklusi. Data dikumpulkan dengan wawancara, pemeriksaan fisik tungkai bawah dan observasi posisi kerja berdiri selama waktu bekerja.HasilPrevalensi varises tungkai sebanyak 63,16%. Masa kerja (ORa=4,84 95%CI= 1,67-14,01), lokasi kerja (ORa=4,02 95%CI= 1,82-8,89) dan jumlah anak lebih dari satu (ORa=3,60 95%CI=1,13-11,43) merupakan faktor dominan terhadap kejadian varises tungkai.KesimpulanPrevalensi varises tungkai pada perawat perempuan adalah 63,16%. Jumlah anak dan masa kerja menjadi faktor dominan terhadap kejadian varises tungkai. Bagi karyawan yang menderita varises tungkai disarankan melakukan modifikasi gaya hidup untuk memperbaiki kualitas hidup dengan cara melakukan elevasi tungkai pada saat beristirahat, mengurangi berat badan dengan diet tinggi serat dan olah raga teratur serta menghindari posisi berdiri statis yang terlalu lama. Pencegahan primer terhadap semua derajat varises dengan menggunakan stoking kompresi.

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ABSTRACT

Background

This study discussed about correlation between standing work position and varicose veins in female nurses. Varicose veins was assumed to be associated with long standing work positions which risks in women are higher than men. Varicose veins also contributed in company budgeting for the treatment.

Purpose

Focus on this study was to know about prevalence of varicose veins in female nurses in hospital and correlation between standing work positions, ages, family history of varicose veins, nutrient, hormonal contraseptives, number of children, places of works and years of services.

Method

This study was held in one of hospital with design of study was cross sectional survey. Data were collected to 171 respondents from March to April 2016 which choosen by inclution criteria; by interviewed, leg physical examination and observation of standing work positions.

Result

There was 63,16% prevalence of varicose veins. Years of services (ORa=4,84 95%CI= 1,67-14,01), places of work (ORa=4,02 95%CI= 1,82-8,89) and has more than one children (ORa=3,60 95%CI=1,13-11,43) are dominant factors of varicose veins.

Conclusion

The prevalence of varicose veins in female nurses are 63,16%. Years of services, places of work and number of children are suggested to be dominant factors in varicose veins. Employees that have varicose veins are suggested to modified their life style to improved quality of life condition such as elevated leg at rest, reduce weight by consumpt high fiber diet, regularly exercise and avoid long standing position in long period. Primary prevention in all degree of varicose veins are using pressure stocking."

"Kejadian varises vena banyak terjadi pada profesi perawat. Salah satu faktor penyebabnya adalah akibat berdiri lama. Saat berdiri lama terjadi peningkatan tekanan vena dan disfungsi katup-katup vena yang dapat menimbulkan varises vena. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross-sectional yang melibatkan 92 perawat poliklinik sebagai responden. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner yang dimodifikasi dari kuesioner penelitian Tuchsen (2005) serta dilakukan pemeriksaan varises vena dengan Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 70.7% responden menunjukkan aktivitas berdiri lama dan 72.8% responden mengalami varises vena. Hasil uji chi-square menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara berdiri lama dengan kejadian varises vena dengan p value = 0.001 (OR= 9.051). Deteksi dini varises vena pada perawat perlu dilakukan untuk menekan peningkatan prevalensi varises vena.

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Incidence of varicose veins often occurs on outpatient nurse. Prolonged standing at work is associated with a high prevalence of varicose veins. In the standing position, the venous and capillary pressures increases and damages function of venous valves can leads to incidence of varicose veins. This study was a cross-sectional study that used 92 outpatient nurses for the sample. The instrument of this research was a questionnaire modified from a Tuchsen’s questionnaire (2005) and lower extremity examination using Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS).

The result shows that 70.7% of respondents indicated a prolonged standing activity and 72.8% of respondents experienced varicose veins on the lower limbs. The results of chi-square test shows the relationship between prolonged standing and the incidence of varicose veins on the lower limbs with the p value = 0.001 (OR = 9,051). Early detection varicose veins on nurses needs to be done to decrease prevalence of varicose veins."

"Latar Belakang. Plantar fasciitis (PF) merupakan penyebab nyeri yang sering terjadi pada tumit. insidensi PF terjadi 2,9 kali lebih banyak pada pasien dengan obesitas. Tatalaksana PF non-operatif, salah satunya adalah dengan low level laser therapy (LLLT). Penelitian yang membuktikan bahwa satu terapi memiliki nilai lebih dibanding terapi yang lain masih sedikit. Tesis ini disusun untuk mengetahui efektivitas low level laser therapy (LLLT) dalam tatalaksana PF dengan obesitas. Metode. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain uji acak terkontrol dengan terapi standar yang terdiri dari latihan aerobik dan latihan peregangan serta penguatan fasia plantar, sebagai kontrol. Semua subjek penelitian (n=14), yaitu. orang pada kelompok perlakuan, dan. orang pada kelompok kontrol. Subjek penelitian adalah pasien yang telah didiagnosis PF dengan obesitas, unilateral PF, indeks masa tubuh (IMT). 25, nyeri tumit dengan visual analogue scale (VAS). - 7, nyeri. 3minggu, dengan bukti tidak ada trauma akut usia 30-60 tahun, Moca ina normal ≥26, dan bersedia berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini dan telah menandatangani lembar persetujuan penelitian (informed consent) setelah mendapat penjelasan. Pada awal penelitian dilakukan pemeriksaan ketebalan fasia plantar dengan menggunakan ultrasonografi (USG), pengisian foot and ankle outcome score (FAOS), dan nilai VAS. Kelompok perlakuan mendapatkan terapi LLLT dan terapi standar. Pemberian LLLT dengan dosis. J/cm2 pada. area. Laser diberikan dengan teknik grinding. Kelompok kontrol mendapatkan terapi standar saja. Intervensi diberikan sebanyak. kali dalam seminggu, selama. minggu. Nilai VAS dievaluasi setiap akhir minggu. Evaluasi nilai FAOS dan ketebalan fasia plantar dilakukan kembali setelah intervensi selesai. Hasil. Penurunan nilai VAS secara signifikan bermakna pada kedua kelompok (p 0,04). Perubahan ketebalan fasia plantar secara statistik berbeda bermakna antara kedua kelompok. p 0,01). Nilai FAOS pada kategori nyeri menurun secara statistik bermakna (p 0,005). Simpulan. Pemberian LLLT selama. minggu, efektif menurunkan nilai VAS, ketebalan fasia plantar, dan FAOS kategori nyeri pada pasien PF dengan obesitas.

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Background: Plantar fasciitis (PF) is. common cause of pain in the heel. PF incidence occurs 2.9 times more in patients with obesity. Non-operative PF management, one of which is with low level laser therapy (LLLT). Research that proves that one therapy has more value than the other therapy is still. little. This thesis was aimed to determine the effectiveness of low level laser therapy (LLLT) in the management of PF with obesity.

Method: The study used. randomized controlled trial design with standard therapies consisting of aerobic exercise, stretching and strengthening exercise of plantar fascia, as control. All study subjects (n=14),. people in the treatment group, and. people in the control group. The subjects of the study were patients who had been diagnosed with PF with obesity, unilateral PF, body age index (BMI). 25, heel pain with visual analogue scale (VAS). - 7, pain. 3weeks, with evidence of no acute trauma aged 30-60 years, Moca ina normal ≥26, and willing to participate in this study and have signed. research approval sheet (informed consent) after being briefed. At the beginning of the study, plantar fascia thickness examination was conducted using ultrasound (USG), foot and ankle outcome score (FAOS), and VAS. Treatment groups get LLLT therapy and standard therapy. Administration of LLLT at. dose of. J /cm2 in. areas. Lasers are provided with grinding techniques. Intervention is given. times. week, for. weeks. VAS are evaluated at the end of each week. Evaluation of FAOS values and plantar fascia thickness is performed again after the intervention is completed.

Result: The decrease in VAS was significantly significant in both groups (p 0.04). Changes in plantar fascia thickness are statistically different significantly between the two groups. p 0.01). FAOS values in the pain category decreased statistically significant (p 0.005).

Conclusion: Administration of LLLT for. weeks, effectively lowering VAS, plantar fascia thickness, and FAOS pain category in PF patients with obesity."

"LATAR BELAKANG: Sindroma nyeri miofasial merupakan kondisi nyeri muskuloskeletal yang ditandai dengan titik picu yang hipersensitif, serta merupakan keluhan tersering dalam praktek klinis. Gejala dari kondisi ini adalah nyeri, peningkatan ambang rangsang nyeri serta keterbatasan lingkup gerak sendi. Terapi definitif terbaik dalam tata laksana keluhan ini belum didapatkan, meskipun banyak terapi yang sudah sering digunakan, yaitu terapi laser tenaga rendah yang lebih modern dan bersifat non invasif serta terapi dry needling. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan efektivitas terapi laser tenaga rendah dan terapi dry needling pada sindroma nyeri miofasial upper trapezius.METODE: Desain penelitian ini adalah uji klinis acak terkontrol. Populasi terjangkau adalah pria dan wanita berusia 20-55 tahun dengan sindroma nyeri miofasial otot upper trapezius yang datang ke poliklinik rehabilitasi medik Rumah Sakit dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta, yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Pemilihan sampel dilakukan secara consecutive sampling dan dibagi menjadi dua kelompok secara randomisasi. Terapi dilakukan selama 4 minggu, kelompok pertama diberi terapi laser sebanyak 3 kali/minggu, sedangkan kelompok kedua diberi terapi dry needling 1 kali/minggu. Penurunan derajat nyeri dinilai menggunakan VAS Visual Analogue Scale, penilaian peningkatan ambang rangsang nyeri menggunakan PTM Pain Threshold Meter, dan pengukuran lingkup gerak sendi servikal menggunakan goniometer.HASIL: Sebanyak 31 subyek mengikuti terapi sampai selesai, kelompok terapi laser 15 orang dengan VAS 6 dan kelompok terapi dry needling 16 orang dengan median VAS 6. Setelah 4 minggu didapatkan penurunan derajat nyeri pada kedua kelompok, penurunan VAS pada kelompok terapi laser lebih tinggi, namun perbedaan tersebut tidak bermakna signifikan. Begitu pula ada penilaian ambang rangsang nyeri serta lingkup gerak sendi servikal didapatkan peningkatan pada kedua kelompok, namun tidak didapatkan perbedaan yang signifikan.KESIMPULAN: Terapi laser tenaga rendah sama efektifnya dalam menurunkan derajat nyeri, meningkatkan ambang rangsang nyeri dan meningkatkan lingkup gerak sendi servikal pada sindroma nyeri miofasial otot upper trapezius dibandingkan dengan terapi dry needling.

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BACKGROUND: Myofascial pain syndrome is a musculoskeletal problem characterized by a hypersensitive trigger point, and it is a most common problem in clinical practice. Pain, increasing of pain threshold and range of motion limitation are most symptoms of myofascial pain. Definitive therapy in the treatment of this complaint has not been determined, despite many therapies that have been commonly used, namely low power laser therapy that is more modern and non invasive and dry needling therapy. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of low level laser therapy and dry needling therapy in subjects with myofascial pain syndrome of the upper trapezius muscle.

METHODS This study design is a randomized controlled trial. Men and women aged 20 55 years with myofascial pain syndrome of upper trapezius muscle who attend Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, who met the study criteria. Sample selection is done by consecutive sampling and divided into two randomized groups. Treatment is done for 4 weeks, the first group were given low laser therapy for 3 times week, while the second group was given dry needling therapy once week. A decrease in the degree of pain was assessed using VAS Visual Analogue Scale, increasing pain threshold using PTM Pain Threshold Meter, and measurement of the cervical range of motion using a goniometer.

RESULTS A total of 31 subjects completed the therapy, low laser therapy group 15 subjects with VAS 6 and dry needling therapy group 16 subjects with a median VAS 6. After 4 weeks of therapy obtained a decrease in the degree of pain in both groups, the decline of VAS in the low laser therapy was greater, but the difference was not significant. Similarly, there were an incrseaing of pain threshold and cervical range of motion in both groups, but did not obtain a significant difference.

CONCLUSION Low level laser therapy compared to dry needling is equally effective in reducing pain, increasing the pain threshold and cervical range of motion on myofascial pain syndrome of the upper trapezius muscle."

"Latar Belakang: Gejala vagina dan berkemih berdampak buruk pada kesehatan seksual dan kualitas hidup wanita usia premenopause atau menopause/sindrom genitourinari menopause (SGM). Terapi laser vagina menawarkan pemulihan dan regenerasi jaringan dan organ berupa mengencangkan dan menebalkan jaringan mukosa vagina. Laser vagina diharapkan dapat memperbaiki gejala vagina, berkemih wanita, serta menguatkan kontraksi otot dasar panggul.Objektif: Mengetahui perbaikan gejala vagina dan berkemih serta kekuatan kontraksi otot dasar panggul pasca terapi laser di RS YPK Mandiri, tahun 2017 – 2021.Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan studi kuasi eksperimental dengan mengambil data sekunder dari rekam medis.Hasil: Total didapatkan 54 subjek penelitian dengan rerata usia 45,5 (SD = 11,67) tahun. Sebanyak 70,4 % wanita belum menopause, dan 29,6 % tergolong SGM. Gejala vagina kering didapatkan mengalami perbaikan pasca terapi laser dengan presentase 95 % (p = 0,006), sedangkan presentase perbaikan gejala beser, inkontinensia urin tipe tekanan dan vagina longgar berurutan sebesar 78,2 %, 84,0 %, dan 60,0 %. Kekuatan kontraksi otot dasar panggul meningkat 3 bulan pasca terapi laser dari 25,00 (interquartile range (IQR) = 15,0) cmH2O menjadi 39,33 (IQR = 11,1) cmH2O (p = < 0,001). Demikian, kekuatan kontraksi otot dasar panggul berdasarkan skor Modified Oxford Scale (MOS) didapatkan 79,6 % (43 subjek) mengalami peningkatan 1 derajat MOS.Kesimpulan: Terapi laser vagina dapat menjadi terapi alternatif untuk melembabkan lubrikasi vagina, dan meningkatkan kekuatan kontraksi otot dasar panggul. 

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Background: Vaginal and urinary symptoms often have adverse impact on the sexual health and quality of life of pre-menopausal or post-menopausal age women known as genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM). Vaginal laser offers tissue and organ restoration and regeneration by tightening and thickening vaginal mucosal tissue. Vaginal laser expected to improve vaginal symptoms, urination symptoms, and strengthen levator ani muscle.

Objective: To know the improvement of vaginal and urinary symptoms and levator ani muscle contraction after laser therapy at YPK Mandiri Hospital, 2017-2021.

Method: Quasi-experimental study by taking secondary data form medical records.

Result: Total sample 54 subjects were obtained with mean age of 45,5 (SD = 11,67) years. 70,4 % of women are pre-menopausal, and 29,6 % are classified GSM. Dry vaginal symptoms were found to have improved after laser therapy with a percentage of 95 % (0,006), while the percentage of improvement in incontinence symptoms, stress urinary incontinence, and vaginal laxity respectively were 78,2 %, 84,0 %, and 60,0 %. The strength of levator ani muscle contraction increased 3 months after laser therapy from 25,00 (interquartile range (IQR) – 15,0) cmH2O to 39,33 (IQR = 11,1) cmH2O (p < 0,001). Thus, the strength of levator ani muscle contraction based on the Modified Oxford Scale (MOS) score was found to be 79,6 % (43 subjects) experiencing an increase of 1 - degree MOS.

Conclusion: Vaginal laser therapy can be an alternative therapy to moisturize vaginal lubrication, and increase the strength of levator ani muscle contraction."

"Perawatan mukositis oral dengan low-level laser therapy. Radiasi dan kemoterapi merupakan modalitas terapi untuk kanker regio leher dan kepala. Namun, terapi tersebut diketahui mempunyai efek samping pada individu yang menjalaninya. Mukositis oral merupakan salah satu efek samping terapi yang paling sering terjadi. Terjadinya mukositis oral akan memberikan pengaruh pada kualitas hidup yang akhirnya berimpak pada hasil perawatan secara keseluruhan. Spektrum klinis mukositis oral dapat terlihat mulai dari penipisan lapisan mukosa, rasa tidak nyaman sampai rasa sakit pada mukosa yang menyebabkan gangguan pengunyahan ditambah dengan peningkatan resiko terjadinya infeksi. Beberapa upaya penatalaksanaan mukositis oral telah direkomendasikan oleh Multinational Association for Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC)/International Society for Oral Oncology (ISOO). Salah satu dari upaya tersebut adalah penggunaan low-level laser (LLLT). Ini merupakan suatu cara baru untuk mengurangi keparahan mukositis oral yang sudah mulai banyak digunakan walaupun mekanisme aksi yang jelas masih dalam penelitian. Studi pustaka ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi perkembangan penggunaan LLLT dalam penatalaksanaan mukositis oral.

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Radiation and chemotherapy are the treatment options for head and neck cancer. Several side effects related to those treatment have been shown. Oral mucositis is a common side effect in patients undergoing those treatment. The presence of oral mucositis in these patients would influencing quality of life therefore compromising treatment outcome. The spectrum of oral mucositis can be clinically seen as thinning of oral mucosa, oral discomfort to painful oral lesion causing mastication impairment with increasing risk of infection. The Multinational Association for Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC)/International Society for Oral Oncology (ISOO) has recommended some means that have important role in the management oral mucositis. The low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is a relatively new way of reducing the severity of oral mucositis, although the true mechanism of action is still under study. This review aimed in exploring update about the usage of LLLT for oral mucositis treatment."