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"Cultural Heritage in the European Union provides a critical analysis of the laws and policies which address cultural heritage throughout Europe, considering them in light of the current challenges faced by the Union. The volume examines the matrix of organisational and regulatory frameworks concerned with cultural heritage both in the Union and its Members States, as well as their interaction, cross-fertilisation, and possible overlaps. It brings together experts in their respective fields, including not only legal, but also cultural economists, heritage professionals, government representatives, and historians. The diverse backgrounds of the authors offer a cross-disciplinary approach and a variety of views which allows an in-depth scrutinisation of the latest developments pertaining to cultural heritage in Europe. "

"ABSTRACTAs a country that has a long history, Indonesia has a very rich national cultural heritage. Strategically located in the trading route, automatically shapes the culture of this country. The cultural heritages, which are ranging variously from traditional dance, traditional foods, traditional music and songs, languages, clothes, and many more, spread evenly throughout the regions in Indonesia. There are two kinds of cultural heritage, namely tangible cultural heritage and intangible cultural heritage, which Indonesia has both types. The great number of these cultural inheritances should be preserved and protected by the go vernment."

"Tesis ini membahas mengenai pembentukan peraturan keamanan data European Union General Data Protection Regulation (EU GDPR). Uni Eropa berhasil menetapkan EU GDPR pada tahun 2016, disaat negara-negara masih kesulitan menghasilkan kebijakan keamanan yang dapat menjangkau ranah siber secara efektif. Peraturan tersebut berbentuk regulasi sehingga tidak membutuhkan ratifikasi tingkat nasional, sedangkan belum semua negara anggota Uni Eropa memiliki aturan dasar mengenai keamanan siber. Sehingga menjadi pertanyaan mengapa Uni Eropa berhasil membentuk EU GDPR tanpa mendapatkan penolakan dari badan-badan Uni Eropa. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode kualitatif dan teori neofungsionalisme sebagai kerangka analisis. Neofungsionalisme melihat adanya fenomena spillover dalam terjadinya integrasi di Eropa. Tiga variabel spillover yaitu functional spillover, political spillover dan cultivated spillover menjadi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pembentukan kebijakan. Berdasarkan faktor-faktor tersebut disimpulkan bahwa peran badan supranasional merupakan kunci penting pada proses integrasi penyebab berhasilnya pembentukan EU GDPR.

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This thesis examines the establishment of EU's new data protection regulation, European Union General Data Protection Regulation (EU GDPR). EU officially signed EU GDPR in 2016, at the moment when states are still in the hassle of procuring a security policy which able to reach the cyberspace effectively. With the form of an EU regulation the EU GDPR do not have to go through ratification on national level, whereas many of EU countries still haven't set their own basic law on cyber security yet. Thus, it brings up the question on why EU's managed to establish EU GDPR without any objections from the EU bodies. This study uses quantitative methodology and neofunctionalism theory as the analytical framework. Neofunctionalism recognize the spillover phenomenon in the occurrence of European Integration. Three variables of spillover: functional spillover, political spillover and cultivated spillover are the main factors which decides the result of the policy agreement. Based on those factors it can be concluded that supranational bodies within EU act as the important key regarding the process of integration which lead to the successful establishment of EU GDPR."

"ABSTRAKIndonesia dikenal sebagai negara yang mempunyai warisan budaya yang beragam.Warisan budaya tersebut merupakan kekayaan tidak berwujud bagi Indonesiakarena sifatnya yang tradisional dan turun temurun. Salah satu warisan budayaIndonesia adalah batik motif parang rusak. Pemeliharaan dan pelestarianpengetahuan tradisional dan ekspresi budaya tradisional atau folklor Indonesiasaat ini diatur di dalam Pasal 10 ayat (2) Undang-undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2002Negara memegang Hak Cipta atas folklor dan hasil kebudayaan rakyat yangmenjadi milik bersama, seperti cerita, hikayat, dongeng, legenda, babad, lagu,kerajinan tangan, koreografi, tarian, kaligrafi, dan karya seni lainnya dan Di dalamPasal 10 ayat (3) Undang-undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2002 menyatakan bahwauntuk mengumumkan atau memperbanyak Ciptaan tersebut pada ayat (2), orangyang bukan warga negara Indonesia harus terlebih dahulu mendapat izin dariinstansi yang terkait dalam masalah tersebut. Perlindungan folklor yang dimaksuddalam tulisan ini adalah pengumuman atau perbanyakan Ciptaan folklor olehorang yang bukan Warga Negara Indonesia. Hal ini untuk mencegah pemanfaatanoleh pihak asing tanpa izin dari instansi yang terkait dalam masalah ini. Dengandiakuinya batik sebagai Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity pada tanggal 2Oktober 1999, Pemerintah Indonesia harus mengantisipasi bagaimana apabila adapihak lain (asing) yang akan melakukan pengumuman ataupun perbanyakan daribatik motif parang rusak untuk kepentingan komersial mereka sendiri. Tulisan inimembahas perlindungan Hak Cipta batik motif parang rusak menurut UndangundangNomor 19 Tahun 2002, upaya hukum yang dapat dilakukan pemerintahRepublik Indonesia dalam rangka melindungi folklor terutama Batik Motif ParangRusak dan Efektifitas Undang-undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2002 tentang Hak Ciptadalam memberikan perlindungan atas Batik Motif Parang Rusak. Untukmenjawab permasalahan tersebut dilakukan penelitian normatif terhadap UndangundangNomor 19 Tahun 2002. Selain itu sebagai pelengkap juga dilakukanwawancara dengan Direktorat Jenderal Hak Kekayaan Intelektual. Pengolahandata dilakukan secara kualitatif, sedangkan pengambilan kesimpulan dilakukandengan menggunakan metode deduktif.

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ABSTRACTIndonesia is known as a country that has a diverse cultural heritage. The culturalheritage is intangible property for Indonesia because it is traditional andhereditary. One of the cultural heritage of Indonesia is batik motif parang rusak.The maintenance and preservation of traditional knowledge and traditionalcultural expressions or folklore in Indonesia is regulated in Article 10 paragraph(2) of Act Number 19 of 2002, The State holds the Copyright on folklore and folkculture results that belong together, like the story, saga, fable, legend, chronicle,songs, crafts, choreography, dance, calligraphy and other works of art and inArticle 10 paragraph (3) of Act Number 19 of 2002 states that in order to publishor reproduce the works referred to in paragraph (2) , people who are notIndonesian citizens must first obtain permission from the institution related to theproblem. The protection of folklore are referred to in this paper is the creationfolklore announcement or multiplication by non Indonesian citizen. This is toprevent the use by a foreign party without the permission of the institution relatedto this issue. With the recognition of batik as an Intangible Cultural Heritage ofHumanity on October 2, 1999 , the Indonesian government must anticipate what ifthere is another party (foreign) who will do the announcements or reproduction ofdefective parang motif for their own commercial interests. This paper discussesprotection parang motif Copyright damaged by Act Number 19 of 2002, the lawattempts to do the Indonesian government in order to protect folklore especiallyBatik Motif Parang Rusak and Effectiveness of Act Number 19 of 2002 onCopyright in giving protection of Batik Motif Parang Rusak. To answer theseproblems carried normative study of the Law Number 19 of 2002. In addition tocomplement the interviews were conducted by the Directorate IntellectualProperty Right. Data processing is done qualitatively, while the deduction is doneby using the deductive method."