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"Ekokardiografi transesofageal (TEE) dalam anestesi umum telah merupakan prosedur rutin untuk memandu penutupan defek septum atrium tipe sekundum (ASDs) dengan Amplatzer septal occluder (ASO) bersama-sama dengan fluoroskopi dilaboratorium kateterisasi jantung. Untuk menyederhanakan prosedur dan juga untuk mengurangi biaya, telah dipakai ekokardiografi transtorakal (TTE) untuk memandu implantasi ASO. Tujuan studi ini adalah mengevaluasi akurasi dan hasil procedure ASO yang dipandu dengan TTE dibandingkan dengan yang dipandu dengan TEE. Ini merupakan studi komparasi. Sembilan puluh satu penderita dengan ASDs yang telah dicoba untuk penutupan dengan ASO secara transkateter di Rumah Sakit Jantung dan Pembuluh Darah Harapan Kita Jakarta dievaluasi. Akhir-akhir ini, pada 22 penderita, prosedur dilakukan tidak dengan panduan TEE tetapi dengan TTE. Seleksi penderita dilakukan seperti lazimnya dengan TEE dipoliklinik. Diameter dengan balon dilatasi diukur secara TEE atau TTE dan fluoroskopi dilaboratorium kateterisasi jantung. Penderita dibagi atas 2 kelompok, kelompok TEE adalah kelompok yang prosedur dipandu TEE, sedang kelompok TTE adalah yang dipandu TTE. Kasus yang dapat dianalisa sejumlah 83 penderita, 61 kelompok TEE dan 22 kelompok TTE. Pengukuran diameter dengan TTE maupun TEE memiliki korelasi yang tinggi dengan ukuran secara fluoroskopi (masing-masing: r=0.837 and r=0.853). Dan tidak ada perbedaan bermakna antara akurasi pengukuran dengan TEE maupun dengan TTE (p=0.085) dibandingkan dengan ukuran secara fluoroskopi. Waktu fluoroskopi pada prosedur ASO dengan panduan TEE lebih panjang secara bermakna dibanding dengan waktu fluoroskopi dengan panduan TTE (33.2 ± 21.3 mnt vs. 22.8 ± 19.3 mnt, P=0.014). Selain itu, juga tidak diketemukan perbedaan bermakna pada angka kegagalan antara tehnik panduan TEE maupun TTE. Prosedur ASO dengan panduan TTE mempunyai derajat akurasi yang sama dengan prosedur yang dipandu TEE, dengan waktu fluoroskopi yang lebih singkat. Angka kegagalan dengan panduan TTE juga tidak berbeda dengan yang dipandu TEE.

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AbstractTransesophageal echocardiography (TEE) under general anesthesia has become a routine procedure as guidance in implanting Amplatzer septal occluder (ASO) for closing secundum atrial septal defects (ASDs) together with fluoroscopy in cardiac catheterization laboratory. To simplify the procedure and reduce the cost, recently we used transthoracal echocardiography (TTE) in guiding the ASO implantation. Aim of this study is to evaluate accuracy and performance of ASO procedure guided by TTE compared to ASO procedure guided by TEE. This is a comparative study. Ninety-one patients with ASDs referred for transcatheter closure with ASO in National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita Hospital Jakarta were reviewed. In the 22 patients, TTE were used as guidance instead of TEE. Patients selection were performed in the outpatient clinic by TEE. The stretched diameter was measured by TEE or TTE and fluoroscopy. Patients were divided into two groups, TEE group consisted of procedures guided by TEE, and TTE group guided by TTE. From 91 patients, 83 can be evaluated. It consisted of 61 patients in TEE group and 22 in TTE group. Measurement of defects sizes with TTE and TEE have a high correlation with fluoroscopic measurements (r=0.837 and r=0.853, respectively). There were no significant differences between the accuracy of TTE and TEE sizes measurement (p=0.085) compared to fluoroscopy. Fluoroscopy time in ASO procedures guided by TEE was significantly longer than those guided by TTE (33.2 ± 21.3 min vs. 22.8 ± 19.3 min, P=0.014). There was also no significant differences in the failure of devices implantation between TEE and TTE guidance. All patients were in good condition at follow-up. ASO procedures guided by TTE have similar accuracy to those guided by TEE, with shorter fluoroscopy time. TTE guidance also has no difference in failure rate compared to TEE guidance. "

"Ekokardiografi transesofageal (TEE) dalam anestesi umum telah merupakan prosedur rutin untuk memandu penutupan defek septuan atrium tipe sekundum (ASDs) dengan amplatzer septal occluder (ASO) bersama-sama dengan fluoroskopi di laboratorium katerisasi jantung."

"The main target of clinical and academic cardiology activities is to optimize the patient's management and ultimately their welfare. Professionals manage patients according to their own understanding of disease process; clinicians concentrate on alleviating the symptoms and echocardiographers on identifying the disease. This book helps to 'cross the barrier' and describes the common ground between physiologic disturbances and their management which should ideally form the shared basis for understanding and managing all cardiac problems.A practical review of the many uses of echocardiography in clinical practice, Clinical Echocardiography is designed to integrate and refine the investigation of cardiac disorders within the framework of the pathologic, physiologic and surgical appearances of heart disease. It has been common to consider echocardiographic findings separately from the more physical aspects of heart disease. However, with the development of new imaging modalities such as three- and four-dimensional echocardiography, it has become necessary to consider this imaging as a window on the heart. "

"[Latar belakang: Gagal jantung adalah penyebab utama kematian pada thalassemia akibat penumpukan besi dari transfusi darah. Ekokardiografi sering digunakan untuk evaluasi fungsi jantung, namun interpretasi hasilnya sangat bergantung dari operator. Uji berjalan 6 menit adalah metode sederhana yang terbukti mempunyai reliabilitas baik untuk menilai kapasitas fungsional kardiorespirasi sehingga dapat menjadi alternatif penilaian fungsi jantung anak thalassemia.Tujuan: Mendapatkan uji berjalan 6 menit sebagai metode sederhana untuk mengukur fungsi jantung anak thalassemia.Metode: Penelitian kasus kontrol pada subjek thalassemia dan kontrol berusia 11-18 tahun yang dipilih secara consecutive sampling. Subjek thalassemia mempunyai rerata feritin serum >2500 ng/mL dalam 6 bulan terakhir. Subjek kontrol dalam kondisi sehat dan tidak pernah menjalani transfusi darah. Uji berjalan 6 menit dilakukan pada kedua subjek, sedangkan ekokardiografi konvensional (EK) dan tissue Doppler (ETD) hanya dilakukan pada subjek thalassemia oleh seorang konsultan kardiologi anak. Data sekunder lain pada subjek thalassemia diambil dari rekam medis yaitu rerata hemoglobin pra-transfusi dalam 1 tahun terakhir, feritin serum dan saturasi transferin dalam 6 bulan terakhir.Hasil: Sebanyak 40 subjek thalassemia dan 109 kontrol berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Median usia subjek thalassemia 13,4 (11-17,9) tahun dan kontrol 14,2 (11,3-17,9) tahun. Rerata hemoglobin pra-transfusi 7,6±0,6 g/dL. Median feritin serum 4246,5 (2506-10749,7) ng/mL dan saturasi transferin 100 (50-100) %. Setelah dilakukan matching usia dan jenis kelamin, jarak tempuh uji berjalan 6 menit pada subjek thalassemia lebih pendek daripada kontrol (465,1±74,2 vs 671±94,2, p<0,001). Parameter fungsi sistolik dan diastolik jantung dari EK dalam batas normal, tetapi ETD menunjukkan 45% subjek thalassemia mengalami gangguan fungsi diastolik (rasio E/E’ >8). Tidak ada faktor yang berkorelasi dengan jarak tempuh pada subjek thalassemia, sedangkan tinggi badan berkorelasi dengan jarak tempuh pada kontrol berdasarkan analisis bivariat.Kesimpulan: Jarak tempuh antara subjek thalassemia lebih rendah daripada kontrol. Peran ETD lebih baik daripada EK dalam mengevaluasi fungsi jantung. Uji berjalan 6 menit dapat digunakan sebagai skrining fungsi jantung pada anak thalassemia.;Background: Heart failure is leading cause of mortality in thalassemia due to transfusion-induced iron overload. Evaluation of cardiac function is routinely performed with echocardiography. However, its interpretation depends on operator. The six minute walk test is a simple and reliable method to assess cardiorespiratory performance, therefore, it is suggested to be an alternative in evaluating cardiac function in thalassemia.Aim: To obtain six minute walk test as a simple method in order to evaluating cardiac function in thalassemia.Methods: This case control study was performed in thalassemia subjects (cases) and controls aged 11-18 year old which were selected with consecutive sampling. Cases should have mean serum ferritin level >2500 ng/mL in last 6 months. Controls must be in healthy condition and have never had blood transfusion. Both cases and controls performed six minute walk test, while echocardiography (conventional and tissue Doppler) was only done in cases by a pediatric cardiologist. Other secondary data collected from medical records in cases were mean of pre-transfusion hemoglobin in last 1 year, serum ferritin and transferin saturation in last 6 months.Results: There were 40 cases and 109 controls involved in this study with median age were 13.4 (11-17.9) and 14.2 (11.3-17.9), respectively. The mean of pre-transfusion hemoglobin was 7,6±0,6 g/dL. The median serum ferritin was 4246.5 (2506-10749.7) ng/mL and transferin saturation 100 (50-100) %. After sex and age matching, the six minute walk distance was lower in cases than controls (465.1±74.2 vs 671±94.2, p<0.001). Conventional echocardiography did not find any systolic and diastolic dysfunction in cases. However, tissue Doppler echocardiography found 18 (45%) subjects with E/E’ ratio >8, which were categorized as diastolic dysfunction. There were no factors correlated to six minute walk distance in cases, while body height was correlated to six minute walk distance in controls based on bivariat analysis.Conclusion: The distance of six minute walk test in thalassemia subjects was shorter than controls. Tissue Dopper echocardiography is better than conventional in order to evaluating cardiac function. The six minute walk test can be used for screening cardiac function in thalassemia.;Background: Heart failure is leading cause of mortality in thalassemia due to transfusion-induced iron overload. Evaluation of cardiac function is routinely performed with echocardiography. However, its interpretation depends on operator. The six minute walk test is a simple and reliable method to assess cardiorespiratory performance, therefore, it is suggested to be an alternative in evaluating cardiac function in thalassemia.Aim: To obtain six minute walk test as a simple method in order to evaluating cardiac function in thalassemia.Methods: This case control study was performed in thalassemia subjects (cases) and controls aged 11-18 year old which were selected with consecutive sampling. Cases should have mean serum ferritin level >2500 ng/mL in last 6 months. Controls must be in healthy condition and have never had blood transfusion. Both cases and controls performed six minute walk test, while echocardiography (conventional and tissue Doppler) was only done in cases by a pediatric cardiologist. Other secondary data collected from medical records in cases were mean of pre-transfusion hemoglobin in last 1 year, serum ferritin and transferin saturation in last 6 months.Results: There were 40 cases and 109 controls involved in this study with median age were 13.4 (11-17.9) and 14.2 (11.3-17.9), respectively. The mean of pre-transfusion hemoglobin was 7,6±0,6 g/dL. The median serum ferritin was 4246.5 (2506-10749.7) ng/mL and transferin saturation 100 (50-100) %. After sex and age matching, the six minute walk distance was lower in cases than controls (465.1±74.2 vs 671±94.2, p<0.001). Conventional echocardiography did not find any systolic and diastolic dysfunction in cases. However, tissue Doppler echocardiography found 18 (45%) subjects with E/E’ ratio >8, which were categorized as diastolic dysfunction. There were no factors correlated to six minute walk distance in cases, while body height was correlated to six minute walk distance in controls based on bivariat analysis.Conclusion: The distance of six minute walk test in thalassemia subjects was shorter than controls. Tissue Dopper echocardiography is better than conventional in order to evaluating cardiac function. The six minute walk test can be used for screening cardiac function in thalassemia., Background: Heart failure is leading cause of mortality in thalassemia due to transfusion-induced iron overload. Evaluation of cardiac function is routinely performed with echocardiography. However, its interpretation depends on operator. The six minute walk test is a simple and reliable method to assess cardiorespiratory performance, therefore, it is suggested to be an alternative in evaluating cardiac function in thalassemia.Aim: To obtain six minute walk test as a simple method in order to evaluating cardiac function in thalassemia.Methods: This case control study was performed in thalassemia subjects (cases) and controls aged 11-18 year old which were selected with consecutive sampling. Cases should have mean serum ferritin level >2500 ng/mL in last 6 months. Controls must be in healthy condition and have never had blood transfusion. Both cases and controls performed six minute walk test, while echocardiography (conventional and tissue Doppler) was only done in cases by a pediatric cardiologist. Other secondary data collected from medical records in cases were mean of pre-transfusion hemoglobin in last 1 year, serum ferritin and transferin saturation in last 6 months.Results: There were 40 cases and 109 controls involved in this study with median age were 13.4 (11-17.9) and 14.2 (11.3-17.9), respectively. The mean of pre-transfusion hemoglobin was 7,6±0,6 g/dL. The median serum ferritin was 4246.5 (2506-10749.7) ng/mL and transferin saturation 100 (50-100) %. After sex and age matching, the six minute walk distance was lower in cases than controls (465.1±74.2 vs 671±94.2, p<0.001). Conventional echocardiography did not find any systolic and diastolic dysfunction in cases. However, tissue Doppler echocardiography found 18 (45%) subjects with E/E’ ratio >8, which were categorized as diastolic dysfunction. There were no factors correlated to six minute walk distance in cases, while body height was correlated to six minute walk distance in controls based on bivariat analysis.Conclusion: The distance of six minute walk test in thalassemia subjects was shorter than controls. Tissue Dopper echocardiography is better than conventional in order to evaluating cardiac function. The six minute walk test can be used for screening cardiac function in thalassemia.]"

"Latar Belakang: Konfirmasi diagnosis gagal jantung dengan fraksi ejeksi terjaga (HFpEF) berdasarkan algoritma HFA-PEFF masih dirasa sulit untuk diaplikasikan karena terdapat komponen uji lanjutan berupa uji ekokardiografi dengan protokol uji latih beban dan hemodinamik secara invasif. Belum terdapat pemeriksaan untuk mengkonfirmasi diagnosis HFpEF secara lebih mudah dan terbukti secara klinis.Tujuan: Mengevaluasi apakah pemeriksaan ekokardiografi melalui protokol uji angkat kaki secara aktif (AKA) dapat menjadi alternatif diagnostik uji ekokardiografi dengan protokol latih beban menggunakan ergocycle (ergocycle stress echo) dalam mengkonfirmasi diagnosis pada populasi suspek HFpEF berdasarkan algoritma HFA-PEFF.Metode: Studi komparatif diagnostik yang mengevaluasi pasien suspek HFpEF berdasarkan algoritma HFA-PEFF dengan skor intermediate dan high. Pasien suspek HFpEF menjalani pemeriksaan ekokardiografi protokol uji AKA dan protokol uji latih beban menggunakan ergocycle (ergocycle stress echo) yang sesuai algoritma HFA-PEFF. Hasil: Dari 66 pasien suspek HFpEF, terdapat 14 pasien (21%) dengan hasil ergocycle stress echo positif (average E/e' >=15). Dari 14 pasien, protokol ekokardiografi dengan uji AKA positif terhadap 8 pasien (57,1%). Sensitivitas dan spesifisitas ekokardiografi dengan protokol uji AKA bila dibandingkan dengan protokol ergocycle stress echo adalah 57,1% dan 100% secara berurutan. Area di bawah kurva receiver operating characteristic (ROC) adalah 0,96 (p<0,001). Didapatkan tiga nilai potong untuk average E/e’ (>=15, >12,8 dan >12,2) pada protokol uji AKA yang memiliki sensitivitas dan spesifisitas sebesar 57,1% dan 100%; 85,7% dan 88,5; dan 100% dan 84,6% secara berurutan.Kesimpulan: Pemeriksaan ekokardiografi dengan protokol uji AKA dapat menjadi alternatif diagnostik ekokardiografi dengan protokol ergocycle stress echo dalam mengkonfirmasi diagnosis pada pasien suspek HFpEF dengan skorintermediate dan high berdasarkan algoritma HFA-PEFF.

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Background: Confirmation of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) diagnosis based on the ESC HFA-PEFF algorithm is still difficult to apply because further tests are needed through echocardiography stress test and invasive hemodynamic test. There are currently no clinically proven and less complex tests to confirm the diagnosis of HFpEF.

Objective: To evaluate whether echocardiography through the active leg raise (ALR) protocol can become an alternative diagnostic test to ergocycle stress echocardiography protocol (ergocycle stress echo) in confirming the diagnosis of suspected HFpEF patients based on HFA-PEFF algorithm.

Methods: This is a comparative diagnostic study that evaluated patients with HFA-PEFF algorithm suspected HFpEF patients (intermediate and high scores). Suspected HFpEF patients underwent echocardiographic examination through the ALR protocol and ergocycle stress echo according to the HFA-PEFF algorithm.

Results: Of the 66 patients with suspected HFpEF included in the study, 14 patients (21%) had positive ergocycle stress echo results (average E/e' >=15). Of the 14 patients, the echocardiography protocol with the ALR was positive for 8 patients (57.1%). The sensitivity and specificity of echocardiography with the ALR when compared with the ergocycle stress echo protocol were 57.1% (95%CI 28.9% - 82.3%) and 100% (95%CI 93.2% - 100%), respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve is 0.96 (p<0.001). Three cutoff values for the average E/e' >=15, >12.8 and >12.2 in the ALR protocol ​​were proposed which had a sensitivity and specificity of 57.1% and 100%; 85.7% and 88.5%; and 100% and 84.6%, respectively.

Conclusion: Echocardiography with the ALR protocol may become an alternative to ergocycle stress echocardiography in diagnosis confirmation of suspected HFpEF patients with intermediate and high scores based on the HFA-PEFF algorithm."

"Latar Belakang. Fibrilasi atrium (AF) adalah komplikasi aritmia yang paling sering ditemukan pada pasien yang menjalani operasi bedah pintas arteri koroner (BPAK) dengan insidens yang bervariasi antara 20-50%. Walaupun diketahui sebagai gangguan yang bersifat sementara, namun AF pasca operasi dapat mengancam jiwa serta dikaitkan juga dengan peningkatan angka kesakitan dan kematian yang bermakna, sehingga perlu diketahui faktor-faktor yang dapat menjadi prediktor terhadap kejadian AF pasca BPAK. Penelitian ini menilai interval elektromekanikal atrium yang diukur dengan menggunakan ekokardiografi Doppler jaringan dan dispersi interval elektromekanikal sebagai prediktor kejadian AF pasca BPAK. Metode. Seratus delapan pasien diambil secara konsekutif untuk studi potong lintang ini, mulai bulan Mei hingga September 2012 dari pasien penyakit jantung koroner yang menjalani operasi BPAK di Pusat Jantung Nasional Harapan Kita, Jakarta. Pasien menjalani pemeriksaan ekokardiografi sebelum operasi BPAK. Dilakukan penilaian terhadap interval elektromekanikal dengan Doppler jaringan pada lateral atrium kiri serta dispersi interval interatrial. Pasien dimonitor selama perawatan terhadap kejadian AF.Hasil. Dalam studi kami, 27 dari 108 (25%) pasien mengalami AF pasca operasi BPAK. Dari analisa terlihat perbedaan interval elektromekanikal di atrium kiri sebesar 18.04 ms dan terdapat perbedaan dispersi interval interatrial 10.25 ms antara kelompok pasien yang mengalami AF pasca BPAK dan yang tidak mengalami AF. Dari hasil analisa didapatkan nilai titik potong interval elektromekanikal di lateral atrium kiri sebesar 77,75 ms dan dispersi interval elektromekanikal sebesar 38,95 ms sebagai prediktor terhadap kejadian AF pasca BPAK.Kesimpulan. Interval elektromekanikal pada lateral atrium kiri dan dispersi interval interatrial dengan menggunakan Doppler jaringan merupakan potensial prediktor terhadap kejadian AF pasca BPAK.

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Background. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia complication in patient undergone coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with the incidence of 20- 50% according to different studies. Although this complication is temporary but can be life threathening, and increased the number of mortality and morbidity. Thus, it is very important to identified factors that can predict the occurance of AF post CABG. This study use atrial electromechanical interval and interval dispertion measured by tissue Doppler echocardiography as predictor of AF post CABG.

Methods. One hundred and eight patients were included in this cross sectional study. Samples were taken consecutively from May to September 2012 among patients with coronary artery disease undergoing CABG at the National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita Jakarta. The patients underwent a preoperative transthoracic echocardiography with tissue Doppler evaluation. We measured the atrial electromechanical interval in the lateral of left atrium and interatrial interval dispertion. Patients was monitored thorugh out hospitalization for the occurance of AF.

Result. In our study, 27 out of 108 (25%) patients developed AF post CABG. There are 18.04 ms electromechanical interval difference in the lateral of left atrium and 10.25 ms interatrial dispersion difference between patients who suffer from post operative AF and non AF. From this study we have 77,75 ms as the cutoff point for interval electromechanical in the left atrium and 38.95 ms as the cutoff point for dispersion of interatrial interval as the predictor for AF post CABG.

Conclusion. The interval of Electromechanical in the lateral left atrium and interatrial interval dispersion using tissue dopper echocardiography are potensial predictor the occurrence of AF post CABG."

"ABSTRACTAtrial septal defect is one of the most common forms of congenital heart disease. Although various M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiographic characteristics of atrial septal defect have been described, these criteria lack sensitivity and specificity. By allowing visualization of blood flow, the demonstration of right-toleft or left-to-right shunting is possible with contrast echocardiography(11-16). The purpose of the first part of this study was to verify the utility of this technique for evaluating patients with atrial septal defect.We observed that contrast echocardiographic shunts may persist long after closure of an atrial septal defect. The aim of the second part of' this study was to determine whether this indicates unsuccessful repair or a hemodynamically important residual shunt.Peripheral venous injection of echocardiographic contrast allows the visualization of blood flow through the right sided cardiac cavities. The purpose of the third part of the study was to determine whether the technique may aid to the diagnosis of some right heart abnormalities by the demonstration of specific blood flow patterns.The patterns of echo contrast appearance in the inferior vena cava after upper extremity injection may be related to right heart hemodynamics(17,18). The purpose of the fourth part of the study was to determine the utility of contrast echocardiography of the inferior vena cava for the assessment of right heart hemodynamics. Since the technique can be used to detect tricuspid regurgitation( 9-21), we also studied whether estimation of its severity is possible,. because this would have important therapeutic and prognostic implications.An intriguing potential .future application of contrast echocardiography is the study of myocardial perfusion. The technique would offer many advantages over the other imaging modalities such as radionuclide techniques, contrast-enhanced computerized transmission tomography, positron emission tomography and nuclear magnetic resonance. Contrast echocardiographic. myocardial perfusion imaging would have a good spatial and temporal resolution and allows direct and simultaneous assessment of both the perfusion and function of the myocardium. It is also much less expensive. However, a good and safe echocardiographic contrast agent for such application in humans is not yet available. "

"Latar Belakang: Ablasi radiofrekuensi merupakan modalitas terapi dengan tingkat keberhasilan yang tinggi pada aritmia jalur keluar ventrikel (AJKV). Menentukan sumber aritma pratindakan penting dilakukan untuk membantu pemilihan tehnik ablasi, menghindari komplikasi, serta menghemat waktu fluoroskopi. Algoritma EKG merupakan metode yang telah luas dipergunakan untuk memprediksi sumber AJKV, namun memiliki nilai diagnostik yang sangat bervariasi. Studi sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa pengukuran sudut aortoseptal secara ekokardiografi dapat memprediksi sumber AJKV. Diperlukan penelitian lanjutan untuk membuktikan validitasnya, dengan urutan pengambilan data yang bersifat prospektif.Tujuan : Untuk meneliti validitas hubungan antara sudut aortoseptal melalui pemeriksaan ekokardiografi dengan sumber aritmia jalur keluar ventrikel.Metode: Uji validitas pada penelitian diagnostik ini dilakukan pada Oktober 2020 sampai Juni 2021 pada pasien dengan TV / KVP dengan tipe EKG blokade cabang berkas kiri dan aksis inferior yang menjalani terapi ablasi radiofrekuensi. Pemeriksaan ekokardiografi dilakukan sebelum terapi ablasi radiofrekuensi. Sudut aortoseptal diukur pada pandangan parasternal long axis (PLAX) untuk mengukur sudut antara akar aorta dan septum interventrikular. Lokasi sumber AJKV ditentukan dengan pemetaan elektroanatomi pada saat tindakan ablasi radiofrekuensi dilakukan.Hasil: Didapatkan sebanyak 41 subyek penelitian dengan rerata umur 44,7± 12,6 tahun. Sebagian besar subyek adalah pasien dengan sumber AJKV kanan (n= 34; 82,9%). Rerata sudut aortoseptal pada subyek dengan sumber AJKV kiri 127,2 ± 2,8 secara signifikan lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan sumber AJKV kanan 136,7 ± 5,7 (p<0.001). Pada subyek yang memiliki sudut <129,2o memiliki nilai sensitifitas 71,4 % dan spesifisitas 85,29% untuk memprediksi sumber AJKV kiri.Kesimpulan : Studi validasi ini membuktikan bahwa sudut aortoseptal < 129,2o secara ekokardiografi merupakan alat diagnostik yang valid dengan OR 10,1 untuk memprediksi sumber AJKV kiri.

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Background: Radiofrequency ablation has become therapeutic modality with high success rate for outflow tract ventricular arrhythmia (OTVA.) Determining the origin of OTVA before ablation is important to choose the appropriate approach, avoiding multiple complications, and saving fluoroscopy time. ECG-based criteria is a method that has been widely used to predict the origin of OTVA, but it oftenly has inconsistent diagnostic value to predict the location of OTVA. Previous study showed that aortoseptal angulation by echocardiography might be beneficial to predict the origin of OTVA. We need to validate the result in a prospective manner.

Objective: To validate the association between aortoseptal angulation measurements by echocardiography and OTVA origin.

Methods: A validation of diagnostic study held in October 2020 until June 2021 involving patients VTs/PVCs with the ECG’s morphology of LBBB and inferior axis who underwent radiofrequency ablation (RFA) therapy. An echocardiography examination was held before RFA therapy. Aortoseptal angulation is measured on parasternal long axis (PLAX) view to measure the angle between the aortic root and interventricular septum. The origin of OTVA was determined by mapping during RFA.

Results: There were 41 subjects with a mean age of 44.7±12.6 years. Majority of subjects were patients with right OTVA (n = 34, 82.9%). The mean aortoseptal angulation of the left OTVA 127.2 ± 2.8 was significantly smaller than the right OTVA 136.7 ± 5.7 (p<0.001). An angle below 129.2˚ has 71,4 % sensitivity and 85,29% specificity to predict an LVOT origin.

Conclusion: This validation study proved that ortoseptal angulation measurement by echocardiography <129,2o is a valid diagnostic tool to differentiate left OTVA origin with Odds ratio 10,1."

"Latar belakang: Pemeriksaan cardiac siderosis dengan MRI T2 1,5 Tesla merupakan baku emas tetapi belum ada yang menggunakan MRI 3 Tesla. Provinsi Aceh merupakan daerah yang mempunyai banyak pasien thalassemia mayor di Indonesia, sampai saat ini belum ada data mengenai cardiac siderosis dan gangguan fungsi diastolik yang diperiksa dengan ekokardiografi tissue Doppler. Pemeriksaan cardiac siderosis yang tersedia di Aceh adalah MRI 3 Tesla.Tujuan: Menilai korelasi antara gangguan fungsi diastolik dengan cardiac siderosis ekokardiografi tissue Doppler dan feritin serum pada pasien anak thalassemia major di Aceh.Metode: Studi observasional dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Umum Dr. Zainoel Abidin (RSUZA) Banda Aceh pada bulan Juli hingga September 2018. Dilakukan pencatatan data karakteristik, Hb pre-transfusi, feritin serum, data ekokardiografi dan nilai MRI T2 3 Tesla jantung. Korelasi antara MRI T2 jantung dengan ekokardiografi dan feritin serum dinilai dengan uji Pearson.Hasil: Penelitian ini mengikutsertakan 34 subyek usia 8-17,5 tahun. Cardiac siderosis didapat pada 8 (23,5%) subyek. Gangguan diastolik didapati pada 10 (29,5%) subyek. Tidak dijumpai korelasi antara MRI T2 jantung dengan fungsi diastolik ETD (r= 0,086; p= 0,62). Terdapat korelasi signifikan antara MRI T2 dengan feritin serum (r= -0,537; p < 0,0001).Simpulan: Terdapat korelasi kuat antara MRI T2 jantung dengan kadar feritin serum, tetapi tidak terdapat korelasi antara fungsi diastolik dengan MRI T2 3 Tesla jantung

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Backgrounds: Cardiac T2 MRI at 1,5 T remains gold standard for cardiac siderosis. However in some centres only MRI 3 T is available. Aceh Province is the largest region with thalassemia careers in Indonesia, there are no data about cardiac siderosis and diastolic dysfunction in children with thalassemia major in Aceh. Thalassemia center in Aceh has only MRI 3 Tesla

Objectives: To study correlation diastolic function cardiac siderosis with cardiac T2 MRI 3 Tesla among Acehnesse children thalassemia.

Methods: Observational studies were conducted at Dr. General Hospital Zainoel Abidin (RSUZA) Banda Aceh from July to September 2018. Data on characteristics, pre-transfusion hemoglobin, serum ferritin, echocardiography and cardiac T2 MRI were recorded. Correlation between heart T2 MRI is carried out by the Pearson test as well as serum ferritin.

Results: Thirty-four subjects participated in the study aged 8-17.5 years. Eight subjects (23.5%) experienced cardiac siderosis which was examined by cardiac T2 MRI T2 3 Tesla. Diastolic dysfunction examination by tissue Doppler echocadiography were found in 10 (29.5%) subjects. There was no correlation between MRI of heart T2 with diastolic function tissue Doppler echocardiography (r = 0.086; p = 0.62). There was a significant correlation between MRI T2 and serum ferritin (r = -0.537; p <0.0001).

Conclusion: There was no correlation between cardiac T2 MRI 3 Tesla and diastolic function ETD. There was a strong and significant correlation between MRI T2 and serum ferritin. Tissue Doppler can detect early diastolic dysfunction in thalassemia patients better than conventional."