Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

Hasil Pencarian

Ditemukan 15324 dokumen yang sesuai dengan query
cover
"Tujuan Diagnosis cepat dan spesifik seperti uji RT-PCR sangat diperlukan dalam usaha meminimalisasi penyebaran infeksi HIV-1. Oleh karena itu, dalam studi ini dikembangkan uji RT-PCR yang spesifi k terhadap gen gag HIV-1 sebagai target diagnosis. Metode Uji RT-PCR dievaluasi terhadap 46 spesimen yang diperoleh dari voluntary counseling and testing for HIV(VCT) di Rumah Sakit Umum Pmerintah (RSUP) Sanglah, Bali. Untuk mendapatkan sensitivitas dan spesifi tas uji, hasil uji RT-PCR dibandingkan dengan hasil serologi yang umum digunakan di Indonesia. Hasil Uji RT-PCR dapat mendeteksi 21dari 26 spesimen yang positif uji serologi dan memberikan 19 hasil uji negatif dari 20 spesimen yang negatif uji serologi. Satu spesimen menunjukkan hasil positif dengan RT-PCR tetapi negatif dengan uji serologi. Hasil tersebut kemungkinan menggambarkan hasil yang sebenarnya saat uji serologi tidak dapat mendeteksi infeksi HIV-1. Selain itu, lima spesimen yang positif uji serologi menunjukkan hasil negatif dengan RT-PCR yang diduga disebabkan oleh batas deteksi uji RT-PCR yang rendah. Kesimpulan Uji PCR-RT yang dikembangkan dalam studi ini berpotensi digunakan sebagai uji alternatif untuk mendeteksi infeksi HIV-1 dengan 80.0% sensitivitas dan 95.0% spesifisitas.

Abstract
Aim A spesifi c and rapid diagnosis such as RT-PCR asay is the most needed to minimize transmission of HIV-1 infection. Therefore, in this study we developed the RT-PCR assay that was spesifi c against the gag gene of HIV-1. Methods The developed RT-PCR assay was evaluated against 46 specimens that were obtained from voluntary counseling and testing for HIV (VCT) in Rumah Sakit Umum Pemerintah (RSUP) Sanglah, Bali. To get the sensitivity and specificity of RT-PCR assay, the results of assays were compared with the results of commercially serologic tests that were commonly used in Indonesia. Results The RT-PCR assay could detect 21 of 26 serologic test-positive specimens and showed 19 negative results of 20 serologic test-negative specimens. There was one specimen that was positive in RT-PCR but negative in serologic assay which might depict a true yield at particular condition when the serologic assay was unable to detect. Five serologic positive-test specimens were negative by RT-PCR that was possibly caused by low detection level of the assay. Conclusion The RT-PCR assay is potential to be used for the detection of HIV-1 infection with a sensitivity and specificity of 80.8% and 95.0% respectively."
[Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia], 2010
pdf
Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
"Serologic assays are commonly used for screening (ELISA) and for confirmation (Western blot) of HIV-1 infection; however, both assays have potentially yielded the false-positive or false-negative results. In this study, a diagnostic RTPCR assay as an alternative test for detection of HIV-1 was developed. Forty-six plasma specimens from highly risky groups, who visited a voluntary counseling and testing for HIV (VCT) in Sanglah Clinic of General Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, were tested by RT-PCR assay with specific primers for Pol region of HIV-1 genome. The results of the RT-PCR tests were then compared with those of serologic tests to obtain the sensitivity and specificity of RT-PCR assay.
The results of this study showed that the RT-PCR assay could detect 17 (sensitivity: 65.4%) of 26 serologically positive specimens and was unexpectedly able to detect 2 (specificity: 90%) of 20 serologically negative specimens. Thus, the RT-PCR assay developed in this study is potential to be used as an alternative test, even though there are numerous aspects, particularly the sensitivity, that need to be improved in further research."
Depok: Universitas Indonesia, 2009
AJ-Pdf
Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Eleyna Farihah
"ABSTRAK
Human Immunodeficiency Virus HIV merupakan virus yang menyebabkan Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome AIDS. Infeksi HIV dapat bersifat laten. Tahapan infeksi meliputi infeksi primer, diseminasi virus ke organ limfoid, peningkatan ekspresi HIV, timbulnya gejala penyakit, dan kematian. Dalam upaya pengendalian kasus infeksi HIV, maka dibutuhkan uji diagnostik serologi yang sensitif dan spesifik. Diagnosis suatu spesimen diawali dengan uji skrining yang berguna untuk identifikasi presumtif kandungan antibodi di dalam spesimen. Salah satu uji skrining yang umum enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ELISA . Uji ELISA untuk diagnosis infeksi HIV saat ini dilakukan berdasarkan antigen, antara lain p24 yang merupakan bagian protein Gag, serta gp41 dan gp120 yang merupakan bagian protein envelope. Telah dilakukan fusi peptida daerah imunodominan gp41 dari 4 subtipe HIV-1 tetraIDR env dengan BSA dalam upaya pengembangan uji ELISA berbasis antigen rekombinan. Gen BSA-tIDR disisipkan ke dalam vektor ekspresi pQE80L dan pengklonaan berhasil menghasilkan plasmid pQE80-BSA-tIDR. Ekspresi protein rekombinan pada bakteri E.coli dilakukan untuk menghasilkan protein BSA-tIDR dan tIDR . Ekspresi protein berhasil dilakukan pada kondisi suhu 37oC, dan dengan induksi IPTG 1 mM selama 4 jam. Protein BSA-tIDR belum berhasil dipurifikasi dengan metode NiNTA. Uji western blot dilakukan terhadap protein hasil ekspresi BSA-tIDR, hasil purifikasi tIDR, dan BSA saja . Hasil uji western blot dengan serum pasien positif HIV-1 memberikan hasil positif pada protein BSA-tIDR dan tIDR.

ABSTRACT
Human Immunodeficiency Virus HIV is a virus that causes Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome AIDS. HIV infection can be latent. Stages of infection include primary infection, viral dissemination to lymphoid organs, increased HIV expression, onset of symptoms, and death. In order to control the HIV infection, a sensitive and specific serologic diagnostic test is required. The diagnosis of a specimen begins with a screening test useful for presumptive identification of the antibody contained in the specimen. One of the common screening tests is enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ELISA . The current ELISA tests for the diagnosis of HIV infection are based on antigens, including p24 which is part of the Gag protein, and gp41 and gp120 which are part of the envelope protein. The fusion of gp41 immunodominant region peptide of 4 HIV 1 subtypes tetraIDR env with BSA has been done to develope recombinant antigen based ELISA assays. The BSA tIDR gene is inserted into the pQE80L expression vector and the cloning successfully produced pQE80 BSA tIDR plasmid. Expression of recombinant protein in E.coli bacteria was performed to produce BSA tIDR and tIDR proteins. The protein expression was successfully performed at 37 C, with 1 mM IPTG induction for 4 hours. BSA tIDR protein has not been successfully purified by NiNTA method. The western blot test was performed on BSA tIDR expression proteins, purified tIDR, and BSA alone. The western blot test with serum HIV 1 positive patients gave positive results on BSA tIDR and tIDR proteins."
2017
T-Pdf
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Goss, Sue
"Buku yang berjudul "The housing aspects of AIDS and HIV infection: A Manual for health and social care professionals" ini disusun oleh Sue Goss. Buku ini merupakan sebuah laporan dari sebuah penelitian. Buku ini berisikan materi tentang HIV/AIDS."
London: HMSO, Department of the Environment, 1994
R 614 GOS h
Buku Referensi  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Simarmata, Veronika Jenny
"Kasus AIDS semakin banyak terjadi di Indonesia dan diperburuk dengan berbagai macam penyakit infeksi komorbidnya. Hasil penelitian 108 pasien diperoleh 50,9% memiliki infeksi komorbid hepar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode cross-sectional analitik dengan data sekunder rekam medik pasien rawat inap RSCM pada tahun 2010. Hasil beberapa faktor yang diteliti adalah responden laki-laki terbanyak (51 orang), rentang usia terbanyak 25-49 tahun (52 orang), dan faktor resiko penularan pada penggunaan jarum suntik (22 orang). Dengan chi-square diperoleh hubungan bermakna pada jenis kelamin (p<0,05). Ditinjau dari nilai index massa tubuh diperoleh rerata nilainya adalah 18,6 kg/m2, dan nilai rerata hitung CD4+ absolute sebesar 46 sel/dL, namun hanya nilai CD4+ absolute memiliki hubungan bermakna pada uji mann-whitney (p<0,05).

AIDS cases are increasing in Indonesia and this infections are so bad with comorbid infections. From the result of this study, there are 50.9% in 108 patients that have comorbid hepar infection. This study was designed by cross-sectional analytic metode by using medical records of patients hospitalized in RSCM in 2010. From the factors that studied, the results are respondents with hepar infection, most are male sex (51 people), in the range 25-49 years (52 people), and the risk factor in intravena drug using (22 people). With chi-square, sex is related with hepar infection in respondents (p<0,05). In Body Mass Index of the respondents, the mean of the value is 18,6 kg/m2, and the mean of CD4+ absolute value is 46 cells/dL, but only the value of CD4+ absolute has related with hepar infection in mann-whitney test (p<0,05)."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2012
S-Pdf
UI - Skripsi Open  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Arlinda Eraria Hemasari
"Meninigitis kriptokokal adalah infeksi oportunistik pada meninges yang disebabkan jamur Cryptococcus spp. Kasus meningitis kriptokokal tersebar di seluruh dunia dengan jumlah 1.000.000 kasus baru/tahun dan mortalitas mencapai 625.000 kematian/tahun. Salah satu faktor risiko utama meningitis kriptokokal adalah infeksi HIV. Diagnosis yang baik adalah kunci utama untuk mengurangi tingkat mortalitas dan morbiditas. Pemeriksaan rutin untuk mendiagnosis meningitis kriptokokal di Laboratorium Mikologi Departemen Parasitologi FKUI adalah pewarnaan tinta India, yaitu pemeriksaan mikroskopik untuk mengenali Cryptococccus spp. secara morfologi. Metode baru yang juga dapat digunakan adalah lateral flow assay LFA , yaitu pemeriksaan sederhana untuk mendeteksi antigen Cryptococcus spp. dalam serum atau cairan serebrospinal.
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membandingkan lateral flow assay dengan pewarnaan tinta India sebagai pemeriksaan rutin. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi potong lintang dengan teknik pengambilan sampel konsekutif. Penelitian ini menggunakan 229 sampel cairan serebrospinal pengidap HIV/AIDS yang diambil pada tahun 2013-2015 di Laboratorium Mikologi Departemen Parasitologi FKUI. Dari uji diagnostik tabel 2x2, didapatkan nilai diagnostik sensitivitas dan spesifisitas LFA sebesar 94,44 dan 94,24 . Dari analisis statistik McNemar, tidak didapatkan perbedaan yang bermakna antara LFA dan pewarnaan tinta India p=0,581 dengan nilai kesetaraan tinggi Kappa=0,882.

Cryptococcal meningitis is an opportunistic infection in meninges caused by Cryptococcus spp. The cases are sporadically distributed throughout the world with 1.000.000 new cases year and 625.000 death year. The main predisposising factor of cryptococcal meningitis is the HIV infection. The ultimate key in reducing mortality and morbidity rate is the efficiency of diagnosis. Routine examination used by Mycology Laboratory of Parasitology Department FMUI is the traditional Indian ink, which purpose is to identify Cryptococcus spp. morfologically. There is new method called lateral flow assay LFA that can be used to detect Cryptococcus spp. antigen in serum or LCS.
The purpose of this research is to compare both examinations mentioned. The method used in this research is cross sectional study with consecutive sampling. The samples are LCS from 299 patients with HIV AIDS who underwent examinations in Laboratory of Parasitology Department FMUI in 2013 2015. From 2x2 table in diagnostic test, the sensitivity and specificity of LFA are 94,44 and 94,24 , respectively. The statistic analysis using McNemar test shows that there is no significant difference between both examinations p 0,581 and the agreement level is high Kappa 0,882.
"
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2016
S-Pdf
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Ayu Putri Utami
"Vaksin konjugat pneumokokus 13-valen berperan penting dalam upaya mengurangi penyakit invasif pneumokokus pada anak terinfeksi HIV. Tujuan studi retrospektif ini untuk mengevaluasi respon imun humoral pada anak terinfeksi HIV pra dan pasca vaksinasi PCV13 di Jakarta, Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel serum bahan biologis tersimpan (BBT) dari 66 anak sebelum, 12 dan 18 bulan setelah vaksinasi. ELISA dan uji bakterisidal serum digunakan untuk mengukur konsentrasi antibodi dan antibodi fungsional pasca vaksinasi, secara berurutan. IgG total 13 serotipe S. pneumoniae 12 bulan pasca vaksinasi PCV13 menunjukkan peningkatan konsentrasi yang signifikan dibandingkan dengan pra vaksinasi (p=0.01). Konsentrasi IgG spesifik serotipe 4, 14 dan 23F pasca vaksin 18 bulan terjadi penurunan siginifikan dibandingkan pra vaksinasi (p<0.05) sedangkan IgG spesifik serotipe 6B terjadi peningkatan konsentrasi antibodi (p=0.03). Tidak terjadi perubahan konsentrasi IgG spesifik serotipe 3 yang efektif setelah vaksinasi. Konsentrasi IgG serotipe 19F tidak ada perbedaan signifikan (p>0.05) setelah vaksinasi. Tidak ada korelasi signifikan antara jumlah sel T CD4 dengan konsentrasi IgG total 13 serotipe S. pneumoniae. Rerata konsentrasi IC50 serum bactericidal assay adalah 275,2 U/mL. Kesimpulannya, satu dosis PCV13 untuk anak terinfeksi HIV mampu menghasilkan tingkat antibodi yang kuat dan fungsional terhadap S. pneumoniae.

The 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine plays an important role in efforts to reduce pneumococcal invasive disease in HIV-infected children. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the humoral immune response in HIV-infected children before and after PCV13 vaccination in Jakarta, Indonesia. This study used serum samples of biologically stored material from 66 children before, 12 and 18 months after vaccination. ELISA and serum bactericidal assays were used to measure post-vaccination antibody and functional antibody concentrations, respectively. IgG total of 13 serotypes of S. pneumoniae 12 months after PCV13 vaccination showed a significant increase in concentration compared to pre- vaccination (p=0.01). The concentration of specific IgG serotypes 4, 14 and 23F after the vaccine 18 months decreased significantly compared to pre-vaccination (p<0.05) while the concentration of specific IgG for serotype 6B increased (p=0.03). There was no change in effective serotype 3 specific IgG concentration after vaccination. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in serotype 19F IgG concentrations after vaccination. There was no significant correlation between the number of CD4 T cells and the total IgG concentration of 13 serotypes of S. pneumoniae. The mean concentration of IC50 serum bactericidal assay was 275.2 U/mL. In conclusion, a single dose of PCV13 for HIV-infected children appears to produce strong and functional antibody levels against S. pneumoniae."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2022
T-pdf
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Kambu, Yowel
"HIV menjadi penyebab utama menurunnya sistem imun sekunder, yang lambat laun mengarah pada stadium AIDS. AIDS merupakan masalah epidemik dunia yang memerlukan penanganan serius karena mengancam eksistensi manusia, sehingga perlu dilakukan tindakan pencegahan penularan HIV, khususnya oleh ODHA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tindakan pencegahan penularan HIV oleh ODHA. Desain penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Jumlah responden yang diperoleh adalah 75 orang. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang berhubungan dengan tindakan pencegahan penularan HIV oleh ODHA adalah umur (p=0,040). Faktor-faktor lain yang juga mempengaruhi adalah pengetahuan, tingkat pendidikan dan status perkawinan ( nilai p berturut-turut 0,102; 0,165; 0,165; 0,138). Pada analisis regresi logistik ganda diketahui bahwa umur merupakan faktor yang paling mempengaruhi tindakan pencegahan penularan HIV oleh ODHA (p=0,310 95% CI: 1.169-26.423). Pemberian asuhan keperawatan oleh perawat hendaknya lebih difokuskan pada intervensi yang mengupayakan optimalisasi preventif dan promotif, yaitu penyuluhan bagaimana menghindari perilaku berisiko, penggunaan kondom yang benar dan penggunakan jarum steril oleh IDU baik pada ODHA umur muda maupun tua.

HIV has become a major causes of secondary immune system decreasing, which is gradually leads to stage of AIDS. AIDS is an epidemic problem that requires serious treatment of the world because it threatens the human existence, so it needs to be taken to prevent the HIV transmission, particularly by PLWHA. The aim of this study was to determine the factors that influence the act of HIV transmission prevention by PLWHA. The study design was cross sectional descriptive approach. The number of respondent who had obtained was 75 people. The result of analysed showed that factors corellated with HIV transmission prevention measures were ages (p=0,040). Other factors which also influence to the act of HIV transmission prevention by PLWHA are knowledge, level of education, and marital status (p-value are respectively 0,102; 0,165; 0,165; & 0,138). In multiple logistic regression analysis was known that ages is the most influence factor of the act of HIV transmission prevention by PLWHA (p=0,310 95% CI: 1.169-26.423). The provision of nursing care by nurse should be more focused on interventions that promote preventive and promotion optimization, that is to teaching how to avoid risk behavior, how to use right condom before any kind of sex and how to use sterile disposable injection by IDU in both older and younger PLWHA."
Depok: Fakultas Ilmu Keperawatan Universitas Indonesia, 2012
T30126
UI - Tesis Open  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Athena P. Kourtis, editor
"In this book, expert HIV researchers critically review every aspect of this highly evolving and topical subject. The opening chapters deal with the epidemiology, global magnitude and biologic mechanisms of HIV-1 transmission from mother to child through breastfeeding and include considerations of the virus (quantity, compartments, characteristics) and the host (genetic, immunity-innate, cellular, humoral). The effects of breastfeeding on the HIV-infected mother’s health and nutritional status, and the social and cultural issues associated with the practice of breastfeeding are also discussed. The next few chapters provide cutting-edge reviews of the latest approaches to prevention of HIV transmission to the infant through breastfeeding, including antiretroviral strategies, nutritional and immune-based approaches, and treatment of expressed breast milk. The remaining chapters provide a fascinating review of the many iterations this subject has received, as reflected in the several different sets of guidelines for infant feeding by HIV-infected mothers issued by the World Health Organization, and a debate by leading scientists on whether HIV-infected mothers should breastfeed their infants-in resource-limited and in resource-rich settings. A comprehensive overview of the current state of implementing the new evidence for prevention of breastfeeding transmission of HIV all over the world is also presented."
New York: [, Springer], 2012
e20410786
eBooks  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Olivia Swasti
"Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) merupakan virus yang menyerang sistem kekebalan tubuh manusia. Virus ini terdiri dari 23 protein dalam RNA untai tunggal. Interaksi protein HIV dan protein manusia dapat mengakibatkan penyakit AIDS. Dengan mempelajari interaksi protein dapat digunakan untuk mengembangkan obat antiviral. Untuk menganalisis interaksi protein dilakukan dengan proses biclustering. Algoritma LCM-MBC merupakan suatu algoritma biclustering yang digunakan untuk menganalisis interaksi protein.
Hasil dari biclustering digunakan untuk memprediksi dengan association rule mining. Untuk mengetahui fungsi-fungsi biologis dari protein yang terdapat pada satu bicluster digunakan DAVID Gene Ontology. Terdapat 45 bicluster yang memiliki protein HIV dalam satu bicluster sebanyak lima. Dari bicluster yang diperoleh ini, Terdapat 11 protein HIV-1 yang diprediksi akan berinteraksi dengan 36 protein manusia. Jika protein manusia terhubung dengan protein HIV sesuai dengan tipe jenis interaksinya, artinya protein manusia tersebut berinteraksi dengan proten HIV-1.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus w attacks the human immune system. This virus consists of 23 proteins in a single-stranded RNA. The protein interaction between HIV proteins and human proteins can impact to AIDS The research about HIV-1 proteins and human proteins interactions leads to the insight of drug target prediction. To analyze protein interactions carried out by biclustering process. The LCM-MBC algorithm is a biclustering algorithm that is used to analyze protein interactions.
The results of biclustering are used to predict with association rule mining. To find out the biological functions of proteins found in one cluster used DAVID Gene Ontology. There are 45 bicluster that have five HIV proteins in one bicluster. From the bicluster obtained, there are 11 HIV-1 proteins that are predicted to interact with 36 human proteins. If human protein interacts with HIV-1 protens, it means that human proteins will relate according to the interaction type by HIV proteins.
"
Depok: Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Indonesia, 2019
T54287
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
<<   1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10   >>