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"Hipertensi, salah satu contoh penyakit degeneratif, patut diwaspadai di Indonesia karena adanya transisi epidemiologis penyebab kematian utama, yakni dari penyakit infeksi menjadi degeneratif. Hipertensi memiliki berbagai akibat yang membahayakan, salah satunya adalah peningkatan leptin yang nantinya dapat memengaruhi pulsasi GnRH. Ketika pulsasi GnRH terganggu, maka dapat memengaruhi sekresi Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) yang apabila terganggu, dapat menyebabkan gangguan menstruasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui perbandingan kadar FSH berdasarkan hipertensi pada perempuan usia subur, terutama pada perempuan dengan gangguan menstruasi. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross-sectional analitik dengan melibatkan 75 perempuan usia subur (15-45 tahun) yang mengalami gangguan menstruasi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan data sekunder hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium dan kuesioner SCL-90 pada penelitian 'Peranan Adiponektin terhadap Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) dan Hubungannya dengan Faktor Genetik, Endokrin, dan Metabolik'. Analisis data dilakukan dengan program SPSS for Windows versi 17.0 dengan menggunakan analisis bivariat uji T-Independen. Variabel bebas yang diuji adalah usia, aktivitas fisik, status gizi, gejala mental emosional, status hipertensi, serta status SOPK. Berdasarkan analisis, didapatkan bahwa kadar FSH pada perempuan dengan hipertensi memiliki median yang lebih rendah (3,50: 1,70 - 4,80) dibandingkan dengan perempuan tanpa hipertensi (4,90: 1,20 - 33,40). Secara statistik, perbedaan tersebut bermakna dengan p = 0,025. Sementara, tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna kadar FSH pada usia, aktivitas fisik, status gizi, gejala mental emosional, serta status SOPK perempuan dengan gangguan menstruasi. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat peran hipertensi dalam perbedaan kadar FSH pada perempuan dengan gangguan menstruasi.

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Hypertension, as one of the degenerative disease, should be one of the main issue in Indonesia because of the epidemiologic transition of the main cause of death, which is from infection diseases to degenerative diseases. Hypertension could lead to many dangerous complications. One of which is increased level of plasma leptin. Increased level of plasma leptin could disturb the GnRH pulsatility. When the pulsatility of GnRH is disturbed, it could influence the secretion of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), which when disturbed could lead into an abnormal menstrual cycle.

This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted to compare the FSH level in abnormal cycling reproductive women according to their hypertension status, using secondary laboratory and SCL-90 questionnaire data from the 'Peranan Adiponektin terhadap Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) dan Hubungannya dengan Faktor Genetik, Endokrin, dan Metabolik' research that was conducted since year 2009 to 2011. In this study, 75 samples were used and analyzed with SPSS for Windows 17.0 version program using the bivariate T-independent analysis. Independent variables in this study included age, physical activity, nutritional status, mental and emotional symptoms, hypertension status, and PCOS status.

The analysis showed that FSH levels in hypertensive women is lower (3,50: 1,70 - 4,80) than non-hypertensive women (4,90: 1,20 - 33,40) with a statistically significant difference (p = 0,025). However, other variables such as age, physical activity, nutritional status, mental and emotional symptoms, and PCOS status did not have significant different FSH levels. It can be concluded that hypertension could be associated with FSH level in abnormal cycling women."

"Tingginya prevalensi hipertensi di Indonesia telah lama menjadi perhatian khususnya dalam perannya sebagai faktor risiko berbagai penyakit sistemik. Pada berbagai penelitian ditunjukkan terdapat perbandingan positif antara tekanan darah dan kadar estradiol di dalam darah. Penelitian mengenai topik ini pada perempuan usia subur dengan gangguan menstruasi belum dijumpai pada penelusuran literatur ilmiah. Penelitian ini merupakan studi cross sectional komparatif pada perempuan usia subur (15-45 tahun) yang mengalami gangguan menstruasi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan data sekunder hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium serta kuesioner SCL-90 pada penelitian "Peranan Adiponektin terhadap Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) dan Hubungannya dengan Faktor Genetik, Endokrin, dan Metabolik". Variabel bebas yang diuji adalah gejala mental emosional, aktivitas fisik, obesitas, kadar kolesterol, status SOPK, serta status hipertensi. Berdasarkan analisis, didapatkan bahwa kadar estradiol pada perempuan dengan hipertensi sistolik memiliki median yang lebih tinggi (90,5: 32 - 190) dibandingkan dengan perempuan tanpa hipertensi (38: 10 - 231). Secara statistik, perbedaan tersebut bermakna dengan p = 0,020. Sementara itu, tidak terdapat perbedaan statistik yang bermakna kadar estradiol berdasarkan aktivitas fisik, kadar kolesterol, status gizi, gejala mental emosional, serta status SOPK pada perempuan dengan gangguan menstruasi. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat peranan hipertensi dalam perbedaan kadar estradiol pada perempuan dengan gangguan menstruasi.

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The high prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia has long been a center of attention, specifically on it?s role on being one of the major risk factors of the occurence of many systemic complications. It?s high complicability and it's mortality rate has made myriads of studies concerning its prevention have been conducted. In most of the the studies, it is shown that there is a positive correlation between blood pressure and the estradiol levels. Studies concerning this issue are rarely conducted on women with abnormality in menstrual cycle. This study is an comparative cross-sectional study on women in reproductive age (15-45 years old) with abnormalities in menstrual cycle. The study is conducted using secondary data from the outcome from laboratory findings and interview instrument of SCL-90 from the study "Peranan Adiponektin terhadap Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) dan Hubungannya dengan Faktor Genetik, Endokrin, dan Metabolik".

The independent variables used in thi study consist of mental and emotional symptoms, physical activity, obesity, total cholesterol levels, PCOS state, and hypertensive state. It is found that women with hypertensive blood pressure has more levels of estradiol (90,5: 32 - 190) than women without hypertension (38,0: 10 ? 231). Statistically, this difference made huge significance with p=0.020. Meanwhile, there are no significane differences on the independent variables shown in stress and mental state, physical activity, obesity, PCOS state and total cholesterol. It can be concluded that there is a positive correlation between hypertension state and estradiol levels."

"Hipertensi merupakan masalah utama kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia. Dari Riskesdas tahun 2007 dilaporkan prevalensi penduduk Indonesia usia di atas 18 tahun yang menderita hipertensi mencapai 31,7%. Hipertensi seringkali disertai perubahan-perubahan metabolik, salah satunya dislipidemia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan hubungan kadar High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) terhadap kendali tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan metode cross sectional menggunakan data sekunder dari 117 rekam medis pasien hipertensi poliklinik penyakit dalam RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta. Uji hipotesis dilakukan menggunakan uji Chi-square. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan jumlah pasien hipertensi tidak terkendali sebanyak 48 pasien (41%). Jumlah pasien hipertensi tidak terkendali dengan kadar HDL rendah sebanyak 11 pasien (61,1%), sedangkan jumlah pasien hipertensi terkendali dengan kadar HDL rendah sebanyak 7 pasien (38,9%). Dari penelitian ini didapatkan proporsi pasien hipertensi tidak terkendali dengan kadar HDL rendah secara signifikan lebih besar dibandingkan pasien hipertensi terkendali dengan kadar HDL rendah, namun nilai p=0,060 (p>0,05) yang didapatkan menyimpulkan bahwa secara statistik tidak ada hubungan bermakna antara kadar HDL terhadap kendali tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi poliklinik penyakit dalam RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta.

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Hypertension is a major public health problem in Indonesia. Riskesdas 2007 reported the prevalence of Indonesia's population aged over 18 years who suffering hypertension achieve 31.7%. Hypertension is often accompanied by metabolic changes, one of them is dyslipidemia.

This study aims to prove the association of High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) level to blood pressure control in hypertensive patients. Research is carried out by cross sectional method using secondary data from 117 medical records of hypertensive patients at internal medicine clinic Cipto Mangunkusumo general hospital. Hypothesis testing is done using the Chi-square test.

From the results, the number of uncontrolled hypertensive patients were 48 patients (41%). The number of uncontrolled hypertensive patients with low HDL level were 11 patients (61.1%), while the number of controlled hypertensive patients with low HDL level were 7 patients (38.9%).

From this study, the proportion of uncontrolled hypertensive patients with low HDL level is significantly greater than controlled hypertensive patients with low HDL level, but the value of p = 0.060 (p> 0.05) were obtained concluded that no statistically significant relationship between the level of HDL to blood pressure control in hypertesive patients at internal medicine clinic Cipto Mangunkusumo general hospital."

"Menurut data World Health Organization (WHO) hipertensi merupakan penyebab dari 75 juta kematian yang merupakan 12,8% dari seluruh kematian di dunia. Hipertensi merupakan penyakit yang multifaktorial, yang disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor yang salah satunya adalah kadar kolesterol atau lebih spesifiknya kadar low density lipid (LDL). Penurunan dari kadar LDL telah menjadi salah satu tatalaksana yang penting pada hipertensi. Maka dari itu peneliti melakukan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui signifikansi dari kadar LDL terhadap kendali tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode cross sectional menggunakan data sekunder dari rekam medis poliklinik Ginjal dan Hipertensi IPD RSCM. Setelah data terkumpul dilakukan analisis menggunakan uji hipotesis chi square. Pada penelitian ini sampel penelitian sebanyak 117 orang, 55 orang laki-laki dan 53 orang perempuan. Kelompok usia dengan prevalensi hipertensi terbanyak adalah usia 60-79 tahun. Pada penelitian ditemukan perbedaan proporsi antara pasien dengan kadar LDL yang tinggi pada hipertensi tidak terkendali sebesar 43,8% dan hipertensi terkendali sebesar 20,3%. Berdasarkan uji hipotesis didapatkan hasil variabel kadar LDL dengan nilai p=0,006, rasio prevalensi 2,156 dan interval kepercayaan (CI) 95% 1,223-3,802. Dari hasil ini disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan kadar LDL yang bermakna secara statistik terhadap kendali tekanan darah dan kadar LDL merupakan faktor risiko dari kendali tekanan darah.

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Based on the data from World Health Organization (WHO) hypertension is the cause of more than 75 million deaths or 12,8% of overall death in the world. Hypertension is a multifactorial disease causes by many risk factors, and one of them is low-density lipid (LDL) level. One of the focuses of hypertension management nowadays is to reduce the lowdensity lipid (LDL) level. This what makes researcher to do this research, to know the significance of low-density level to hypertension. This research was done with cross sectional method using secondary data from medical record in Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital. After the researchers collected all the data, we analyze the hypothesis using chi square test.

In this research, there were 117 samples, which 55 of them are male and 53 of them are female. The highest prevalence of hypertension was found in patients aged 60-79 years old. We also found proportion differences in patients with high low-density lipid level, in uncontrolled hypertension the percentage is 43,8% and in controlled hypertension the percentage is 20,3%.

The result of this test is that the low-density level is statistically connected with blood pressure control, since the p is 0,593, and is a risk factor of hypertension since the prevalence ratio is 2,156 and the confidence interval is 1,223-3,802."

"[ABSTRAKLatar Belakang : Kelelahan umum merupakan salah satu faktor risiko untuk terjadi kecelakaan kerja. Peningkatan tekanan darah sering disertai dengan kondisi lelah pada seseorang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan perubahan tekanan darah (sistolik, diastolik,MAP) dengan timbulnya kelelahan umum dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan pada operator heavy dump truck di Binungan yaitu usia, status perkawinan, status gizi, kebiasaan olah raga, kebiasaan merokok, shift kerja, lama kerja,dan stres kerja.Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan sampel sebanyak 125 responden yang dipilih secara propotional random. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, data medical check up dan kuesioner. Pengukuran kelelahan dan tekanan darah menggunakan tensimeter dan waktu reaksi L77 Lakassidaya yang diukur sebelum dan sesudah bekerja. Analisis data menggunakan uji regresi linear untuk variabel numerik dan uji regresi logistik untuk variabel katagorik.Hasil : Prevalensi kelelahan umum operator sebelum kerja sebesar 20% dan sesudah kerja 22.4% dengan tingkat kelelahan ringan. Faktor yang berhubungan dengan kelelahan pada operator yaitu masa kerja > 3 tahun (r = 0.268) dengan nilai adjusted R square sebesar 6.4%. Faktor-faktor lain yang diteliti tidak berhubungan dengan kelelahan umum.Kesimpulan : Perubahan tekanan darah tidak berhubungan dengan kelelahan umum. Faktor yang berhubungan dengan kelelahan umum adalah masa kerja.

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ABSTRACTBackground : Increased blood pressure is often associated with general fatigue which one of risk factors for accidents in the workplace. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship blood pressure (systolic, diastolic, and MAP) with general fatigue and related factors related such as age, marital status, nutritional status, exercise, smoke, shift work, working periode, and stres.Methodology: this study used a cross-sectional design with 125 respondents selected by proportional random sampling. Data collected through interviews, medical check-up data and questionnaires. Fatigue and blood pressure measurement using a sphygmomanometer and Lakassidaya L77 reaction time measured before and after work. Analysis data using linear regression test for numerical variables and logistic regression for catagorical variables.Result : The prevalence of general fatigue in operators before work is 20% and 22.4% after working with mild fatigue level. Factors that related to fatigue is working period > 3 years with adjusted R-square value of 6.4% (r =0.268).Other factors are not associated with general fatigue. Conclusions: Blood pressure are not associated with general fatigue. Working periode is associated with general fatigue.;Background : Increased blood pressure is often associated with general fatigue which one of risk factors for accidents in the workplace. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship blood pressure (systolic, diastolic, and MAP) with general fatigue and related factors related such as age, marital status, nutritional status, exercise, smoke, shift work, working periode, and stres.Methodology: this study used a cross-sectional design with 125 respondents selected by proportional random sampling. Data collected through interviews, medical check-up data and questionnaires. Fatigue and blood pressure measurement using a sphygmomanometer and Lakassidaya L77 reaction time measured before and after work. Analysis data using linear regression test for numerical variables and logistic regression for catagorical variables.Result : The prevalence of general fatigue in operators before work is 20% and 22.4% after working with mild fatigue level. Factors that related to fatigue is working period > 3 years with adjusted R-square value of 6.4% (r =0.268).Other factors are not associated with general fatigue. Conclusions: Blood pressure are not associated with general fatigue. Working periode is associated with general fatigue., Background : Increased blood pressure is often associated with general fatigue which one of risk factors for accidents in the workplace. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship blood pressure (systolic, diastolic, and MAP) with general fatigue and related factors related such as age, marital status, nutritional status, exercise, smoke, shift work, working periode, and stres.Methodology: this study used a cross-sectional design with 125 respondents selected by proportional random sampling. Data collected through interviews, medical check-up data and questionnaires. Fatigue and blood pressure measurement using a sphygmomanometer and Lakassidaya L77 reaction time measured before and after work. Analysis data using linear regression test for numerical variables and logistic regression for catagorical variables.Result : The prevalence of general fatigue in operators before work is 20% and 22.4% after working with mild fatigue level. Factors that related to fatigue is working period > 3 years with adjusted R-square value of 6.4% (r =0.268).Other factors are not associated with general fatigue. Conclusions: Blood pressure are not associated with general fatigue. Working periode is associated with general fatigue.]"

"ABSTRAKIsometric Handgrip Exercise merupakan salah satu terapi non farmakologis yang dikembangkan untuk menurunkan tekanan darah pasien hipertensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh isometric handgrip exercise terhadap perubahan tekanan darah pasien hipertensi. Desain penelitian quasi experiment dengan pendekatan control group pretest posttest design pada 44 responden meliputi kelompok kontrol dan kelompok intervensi. Kelompok intervensi mendapatkan latihan handgrip selama 3 menit, sekali sehari dan dilakukan selama 5 hari. Kedua kelompok dilakukan pengukuran tekanan darah sebelum dan setelah latihan pada hari 1 dan ke 5. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh isometric handgrip exercise (IHG) terhadap perubahan tekanan darah pasien hipertensi. kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah isometric handgrip exercise secara bermakna dapat menurunkan tekanan darah sistolik dan tekanan darah diastolik. Hasil penelitian ini diharapakan menjadi dasar isometric handgrip exercise (IHG) sebagai intervensi keperawatan yang mandiri dan inovatif pada asuhan keperawatan klien dengan hipertensi

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ABSTRACTAn Isometric Handgrip Exercise is one of the non-pharmacological therapies that is developed to lower blood pressure in hypertensive patients. The aim of the study was to identify the effect of isometric handgrip exercise on changes in blood pressure in hypertensive patients. A Quasi experimental research design approach pretest posttest control group design was employed with 44 respondents included control and intervention groups. The intervention group got handgrip exercise for 3 minutes, once a day and performed for 5 days. Both groups performed measurements of blood pressure before and after exercise on days 1 and 5. The results showed that there is influence of isometric handgrip exercise on changes in blood pressure in hypertensive patients. Conclusion of this study is the isometric handgrip exercise (IHG) can significantly lower systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. The result of this study recommended that isometric handgrip exercise (IHG) can bean independen and innovative therapeutic nursing intervension in nursing care of patients with hypertension."

"Tidur yang cukup merupakan kebutuhan dasar yang sangat dibutuhkan untuk pemeliharaan fungsi kardiovaskular. Penelitan ini merupakan penelitian descriptive correlative dengan desain studi cross sectional yang bertujuan mengidentifikasi hubungan antara kualitas tidur dengan tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi. Penelitian dilakukan di Puskesmas Beji-Depok terhadap 97 pasien hipertensi rawat jalan yang dipilih dengan teknik consecutive sampling. Kualitas tidur diukur menggunakan kuesioner Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), sedangkan tekanan darah diukur menggunakan sphygmomanometer digital. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mayoritas responden yaitu sebanyak 87 orang (89,7 %) memiliki kualitas tidur buruk (PSQI ≥ 5), sedangkan hanya 10 orang (10,3 %) memiliki kualitas tidur baik (PSQI ≤ 5). Rata-rata tekanan darah responden secara keseluruhan 145,19/86,15 mmHg. Hasil analisis uji T independent menunjukan secara statistik tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara kualitas tidur dengan tekanan darah. Namun, secara klinis hasil analisis data menunjukkan responden yang memiliki kualitas tidur buruk memiliki tekanan darah lebih tinggi daripada responden yang memiliki kualitas tidur baik dengan mean differece sistolik sebesar 6,228 mmHg dan mean difference diastolik 4,409 mmHg.

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Adequate sleep is a basic need which is important to maintain cardiovascular system function. It is a descriptive correlative study using cross sectional approach which aims to identify the relationship between sleep quality and blood pressure on hypertensive patient. The research was conducted in Public Health Center of Beji-Depok towards 97 participants recruited using consecutive sample method. Sleep quality is measured using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and blood pressure is measured using digital sphygmomanometer.

The result shows that 83 participants (89.7 %) have poor sleep quality (PSQI ≥ 5) while only 10 partcipants (10.3 %) have good sleep quality (PSQI ≤ 5). The average blood pressure of all participants is 145.19/86.15 mmHg. Statistical analysis using T independent test shows there is no significant relationship between sleep quality and blood pressure. However, in clinical basis the result shows a significant difference. Clinically speaking, participants with poor sleep quality indicates higher blood pressure compare to those with better sleep quality with systolic mean difference of 6.228 mmHg and diastolic mean difference of 4.409 mmHg."

"Rendahnya kepatuhan dan self efficacy menjadi masalah yang signifikan untuk penggunaan obat hipertensi. Keterbatasan tenaga kesehatan menyebabkan pemberian informasi sulit dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas konseling dibandingkan dengan leaflet terhadap peningkatan self efficacy dan kepatuhan pasien serta penurunan tekanan darah pasien menggunakan obat hipertensi di Puskesmas Pancoran Mas dan Puskesmas Beji Depok. Rancangan penelitian ini menggunakan quasi eksperimen. Pengambilan data dilakukan dari bulan Maret sampai Juni 2013 dengan 37 pasien pada kelompok yang mendapatkan konseling dan 36 pasien pada kelompok yang mendapatkan leaflet. Penilaian self efficacy menggunakan skala MUSE dan untuk kepatuhan menggunakan MMAS 8. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konseling dan leaflet dapat meningkatkan self efficacy (P=0,000) dan kepatuhan (P=0,000) pasien, serta dapat menurunkan tekanan darah sistol (P=,010) pada kelompok konseling dan menurunkan tekanan darah sistol (P=0,000) maupun diastol (P=0,019) pada kelompok leaflet. Tidak ada perbedaan antara kelompok konseling dan leaflet dalam meningkatkan self efficacy (P=0,401) dan kepatuhan pasien P=(0,374) serta menurunkan tekanan sistol (P=0,663) dan tekanan diastol (P=0,466).

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Low adherence and self efficacy was significant problem for using medication. However, the limitation of medical personnel makes medical information service is very hard to be done. The research purpose was to evaluate the effectiveness of counselling and leaflet againts self efficacy and adherence as well as the blood pressure of hypertension patients using the medication in Puskesmas Beji and Puskesmas Pancoran Mas Depok. Data collection was conducted from March to June 2013 with with 37 patients in the group receiving counseling and 36 patients in the group receiving leaflets. Self efficacy assessment using MUSE scale and adherence using the MMAS 8.

The result showed that counselling and leaflet can increase patient adherence (P=0.000) and self efficacy (P=0.000) and can lower systolic blood pressures (P=0.010) in group counseling and lowers systolic (P=0.000) and diastolic blood (P=0.019) pressure in the leaflet group. There was no difference between group counseling and leaflets to increase self-efficacy (P= 0.401) and patient adherence (P=0.374) and lower systolic pressure (P = 0.663) and diastolic pressure (P = 0.466)."

"Slow deep breathing (SDB) adalah tindakan nonfarmakologis untuk menurunkan tekanan darah pasien hipertensi primer. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas SDB terhadap penurunan tekanan darah pasien hipertensi primer. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan desain Randomized Clinical Trial dengan pretest dan post test control group. Sampelnya 142 responden, meliputi 33 responden kelompok rendah garam (RG), 37 responden kelompok SDB, 39 responden kombinasi kelompok SDB dan RG; dan 33 responden kelompok kontrol. Sampel diambil dengan cara randomisasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan penurunan tekanan darah secara bermakna terutama pada kelompok SDB. Tekanan darah sistolik menurun 28,59 mmHg (P value=0,002) dan tekanan darah diastolik 16,92 mmHg (P value=0,007). Analisis dengan uji Tukey diketahui tekanan darah sistolik yang berbeda secara bermakna yaitu antara SDB dan kelompok kontrol (P value=0,001). Tekanan darah diastolik yang berbeda secara bermakna, yaitu: RG dan SDB-RG (P value=0,046); RG dan kelompok kontrol (P value=0,003); SDB dan SDB-RG (P value=0,038) serta SDB dan kelompok kontrol (P value=0,005). Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penerapan SDB untuk membantu menurunkan prevalensi hipertensi sehingga meminimalkan komplikasi yang mungkin timbul.

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Slow deep breathing is a nonpharmacology therapy to reduce blood pressure in patients with primary hypertension. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of slow deep breathing exercise to reduce blood pressure in patients with primary hypertension in Atambua East Nusa Tenggara. The method of this research was a quantitative research: a randomized clinical trial design with pretest and post test control group. The sample was 142 respondents, which consisted of 33 respondents in the lower salt (RG) group, 37 respondents in the slow deep breathing (SDB) group, 39 respondents in the combination of SDB-RG group; and 33 respondents in the control group. The method of sampling used a randomization.

The results showed that there were differences in the reduction of systolic blood pressure in SDB group for 28.59 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure for 16.92 mmHg. The result of Anova analysis showed that there was a significant decrease on average of systolic blood pressure (p = 0.002) and diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.007). Further analysis by Tuckey test of systolic blood pressure found that between SDB group and control group were significantly different, however the other groups was not significant. (P = 0.001). After undergoing further Tukey analysis we found that the systolic blood pressure of four groups has significant differences. The SDB and controlling groups have P value=0,001 differences. RG and the controlling groups have P value=0,003 differences. SDB and SDB-RG groups have P value=0,038 differences. And SDB and controlling groups have P value=0,005 differences. This research would like to suggest applied non-pharmacological actions particularly toward SDB groups in order to decrease the prevalence of hypertension. This will minimize consequences caused by this problem."