Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui kemampuan antagonisme enam spesies khamir filum Basidiomycota dari tanaman saeh (Broussonetia papyrifera Vent.) asal Bandung terhadap kapang Aspergillus spp. UICC. Pengujian menggunakan metode co-culture dalam medium Potato Dextrose Broth pH 5 pada suhu 30° C selama empat hari inkubasi. Khamir Cryptococcus luteolus UICC Y-461, Cryptococcus rajasthanensis UICC Y-458, Cryptococcus zeae UICC Y-463, Rhodotorula dairenensis UICC Y-457, Rhodotorula glutinis UICC Y-454, dan Rhodotorula mucilaginosa UICC Y-466 memiliki kemampuan antagonisme terhadap kapang Aspergillus spp. UICC. Cryptococcus luteolus UICC Y-461 merupakan khamir antagonis paling potensial karena mengalami peningkatan panjang sel rata-rata dan lebar sel rata-rata tertinggi ketika ditumbuhkan bersama Aspergillus niger UICC yaitu sebesar 9,88% dan 14,17%, mengalami peningkatan panjang sel rata-rata tertinggi ketika ditumbuhkan bersama Aspergillus ochraceus UICC yaitu sebesar 18,43%, memiliki kemampuan tertinggi dalam menghambat pertumbuhan kapang Aspergillus spp. UICC yaitu sebesar 100% (menyebabkan mortalitas kapang sebesar 100%), dan mengalami peningkatan jumlah sel tertinggi ketika ditumbuhkan bersama Aspergillus terreus UICC yaitu sebesar 41,62% pada inkubasi hari ke-4.

---

The antagonism activity of six species of Basidiomycota yeasts from saeh plant (Broussonetia papyrifera Vent.) from Bandung against Aspergillus spp. UICC were investigated. The antagonism test was carried out by using co-culture method in Potato Dextrose Broth of pH 5 for four days at 30° C. Result showed that Cryptococcus luteolus UICC Y-461, Cryptococcus rajasthanensis UICC Y-458, Cryptococcus zeae UICC Y-463, Rhodotorula dairenensis UICC Y-457, Rhodotorula glutinis UICC Y-454, and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa UICC Y-466 were antagonists. Cryptococcus luteolus UICC Y-461 is the most potential antagonistic yeast because of the highest increase in average cell length and average cell width when grown with Aspergillus niger UICC by 9.88% and 14.17%, the highest increase in average cell length when grown with Aspergillus ochraceus UICC by 18.43%, the highest inhibition of growth of Aspergillus spp. UICC by 100% (caused 100% mortality of moulds), and increase the number of yeast cells when grown with Aspergillus terreus UICC by 41.62% at day-4."

"Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui kemampuan antagonisme enam khamir epifit filum Basidiomycota koleksi UICC yang diisolasi dari daun tanaman Saeh (Broussonetia papyrifera Vent.) asal Trowulan terhadap kapang Aspergillus spp. UICC. Keenam khamir tersebut, yaitu Cryptococcus flavescens UICC Y- 515, Cryptococcus flavescens UICC Y-525, Cryptococcus flavus UICC Y-534, Rhodotorula glutinis UICC Y-520, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa UICC Y-522, dan Rhodotorula mucilaginosa UICC Y-531. Pengujian dilakukan menggunakan metode co-culture pada medium PDB pH 5, selama empat hari inkubasi pada suhu 28°C. Keenam spesies khamir memiliki kemampuan antagonisme yang ditunjukkan melalui peningkatan jumlah sel khamir sebesar 26,91--98,76%, peningkatan ukuran sel vegetatif khamir (panjang sel rata-rata meningkat sebesar 1,11--19,59% dan lebar sel rata-rata sebesar 0,82--19,42%), penghambatan waktu sporulasi hingga inkubasi hari ke-3, reduksi lebar hifa kapang sebesar 7,84-- 20,26%, dan mortalitas kapang sebesar 100% pada inkubasi hari ke-4.

---

A study has been conducted to determine the antagonism activity of six epiphytic yeast species from phylum Basidiomycota against Aspergillus spp. UICC. The yeasts were isolated from Saeh plants (Broussonetia papyrifera Vent.) from Trowulan. The yeasts were Cryptococcus flavescens UICC Y-515, Cryptococcus flavescens UICC Y-525, Cryptococcus flavus UICC Y-534, Rhodotorula glutinis UICC Y-520, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa UICC Y-522, and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa UICC Y-531. Antagonism test was carried out by co-culture in PDB pH 5 for four days at 28°C. Results showed that all yeast species were antagonists and indicated by an increase in the number of yeast cells by 26.91--98.76%, an increase in the size of vegetative yeast cells (average cell length by 1.11--19.59% and an increase of the average cell width by 0.82--19.42%), inhibition of sporulation by day 3 incubation, reduced width of the hyphal mold by 7.84--120.26%, and mortality of molds by 100% at day 4 incubation."

"Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui kemampuan antagonisme khamir Filum Ascomycota dari tanaman saeh (Broussonetia papyrifera Vent.) asal Bandung terhadap Aspergillus spp. UICC dari tanaman tomat terinfeksi menggunakan metode co-culture. Seluruh khamir yang diuji (Candida quercitrusa UICC Y-470, Debaryomyces nepalensis UICC Y-456, Pichia burtonii UICC Y-468, Saccharomycetales sp. UICC Y-462, Saccharomycetales sp. UICC Y-471, dan Wickerhamomyces anomalus UICC Y-455) bersifat antagonis terhadap Aspergillus spp. UICC. Saccharomycetales sp. UICC Y-462 merupakan khamir antagonis paling potensial karena memiliki kemampuan menghambat pertumbuhan kapang dan mereduksi lebar hifa kapang A. terreus UICC sebesar 56,90% hingga inkubasi hari ke-3.

---

This research investigated the antagonism activity of Phylum Ascomycota yeasts of saeh plant (Broussonetia papyrifera Vent.) from Bandung against Aspergillus spp. UICC from infected tomato plant using co-culture method. All the yeasts (Candida quercitrusa UICC Y-470, Debaryomayces nepalensis UICC Y-456, Pichia burtonii UICC Y-468, Saccharomycetales sp. UICC Y-462, Saccharomycetales sp. UICC Y-471, and Wickerhamomyces anomalus UICC Y-455) are antagonists. Saccharomycetales sp. UICC Y-468 is the most potential antagonistic yeast by inhibiting the growth of hyphae and reducing hyphal length of Aspergillus terreus UICC up to 56.90% at day-3."

"Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui kemampuan antagonisme khamir filum Ascomycota dari tanaman saeh (Broussonetia papyrifera Vent.) terhadap kapang patogen tomat (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) dengan metode co-culture. Khamir Aureobasidium pullulans UICC Y-527, Aureobasidium sp. UICC Y-516, Aureobasidium sp. UICC Y-528, Candida orthopsilosis UICC Y-533, Meyerozyma caribbica UICC Y-518, dan Mey. caribbica UICC Y-529 ditumbuhkan dengan kapang Aspergillus spp. UICC di medium Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB) selama empat hari pada suhu 28° C. Khamir menunjukkan kemampuan antagonisme terhadap kapang A. niger UICC, A. ochraceus UICC, dan A. terreus UICC yang ditunjukkan dengan ketiadaan pertumbuhan hifa atau miselium dan sporulasi pada permukaan medium, mortalitas kapang sebesar 100%, reduksi ukuran hifa kapang sebesar 3%--85%, peningkatan jumlah sel khamir sebesar 1,81%--50,09%, peningkatan panjang sel khamir sebesar 2%--17% dan lebar sel khamir sebesar 1%--24%.

---

The research aim was to investigate the antagonism activity of Ascomycota yeasts from saeh plant (Broussonetia papyrifera Vent.) from Trowulan against moulds pathogen in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) with co-culture method. Aureobasidium pullulans UICC Y-527, Aureobasidium sp. UICC Y-516, Aureobasidium sp. UICC Y-528, Candida orthopsilosis UICC Y-533, Meyerozyma caribbica UICC Y-518, and Mey. caribbica UICC Y-529 were incubated with Aspergillus spp. UICC in Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB) medium for four days in 28° C.

The results showed that the yeasts have antagonism activity against A. niger UICC, A. ochraceus UICC, and A. terreus UICC shown by mycelial growth inhibition and sporulation, 100% mortality, hyphal size reduction 3%--85%, increased number of the yeast cell 1.81%--50.09%, and increased yeast cell length 2%--17% and increased yeast cell width 1%--24%."

"Penelitian bertujuan mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi khamir phylloplane Broussonetia papyrifera asal Bandung (Dago Pojok), Garut (Tunggilis dan Sukadanu), dan Trowulan, menguji kemampuan khamir antagonis dari daun B. papyrifera asal Desa Sukadanu dan Desa Tunggilis, Garut, Jawa Barat yang berpotensi sebagai agens biokontrol terhadap kapang-kapang penyebab kebusukan pada buah tomat pascapanen serta mengetahui viabilitas khamir setelah dipreservasi pada suhu -80 oC. Sebanyak 2.543 isolat khamir diperoleh dari empat wilayah sampling menggunakan metode washing dan membrane filter method. Pemilihan 82 isolat khamir representatif berdasarkan kemiripan morfologi koloni. Identifikasi khamir dilakukan berdasarkan sequence pada daerah internal transcribed spacer regions ribosomal DNA. Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan bahwa isolat khamir tersebut terdiri atas 17 genera dan 32 spesies: sebanyak 11 genera termasuk ke dalam Ascomycota (Saccharomycetes dan Dothidiomycetes), dan sebanyak enam genera termasuk Basidiomycota (Tremellomycetes, Microbotryomycetes, dan Ustilaginomycetes). Tiga kapang representatif berdasarkan hasil isolasi dari buah tomat dan uji patogenitas dapat menyebabkan kebusukan pada buah tomat pascapanen, yaitu Alternaria alternata, Lasiodiplodia theobromae, dan Syncephalastrum racemosum. Enam spesies khamir antagonis dapat menghambat pertumbuhan dan sporulasi A. alternata, L. theobromae, dan Syn. racemosum yaitu Candida saopaulonensis UICC Y-492, Candida pseudojiufengensis UICC Y-475, Debaryomyces hansenii UICC Y-488, Geotrichum candidum UICC Y-495, Hyphopichia burtonii UICC Y-496, dan Rhodotorula mucilaginosa UICC Y-476. Khamir antagonis dari B. papyrifera memiliki kemampuan menghambat pertumbuhan kapang A. alternata dan L. theobromae penyebab kebusukan pada buah tomat pada suhu 26--28oC selama 15 hari inkubasi. Khamir C. pseudojiufengensis UICC Y-475 dapat menghambat pertumbuhan kapang dan gejala kebusukan pada buah tomat (100%) disebabkan kapang A. alternata. Khamir C. saopoulenensis UICC Y-492 dan Rh. mucilaginosa UICC Y-513 dapat menghambat pertumbuhan kapang dan gejala kebusukan pada buah tomat (67%) yang disebabkan L. theobromae. Hasil pengujian viabilitas khamir setelah dipreservasi pada suhu -80oC selama 180 hari menunjukkan metode tersebut baik untuk preservasi jangka panjang empat spesies khamir potensial agens biokontrol pada buah tomat, yaitu khamir C. pseudojiutengensis UICC Y-475, C. saopoulenensis UICC Y-492, Hyp. burtonii UICC Y-496, dan Rh. mucilaginosa UICC Y-513. Seluruh strain yang diuji menunjukkan viabilitas yang tinggi (rerata CFU . 1x 108/ml). Jumlah sel khamir antara lain: C. pseudojiutengensis UICC Y-475 (1,08 x 108 CFU/ml), C. saopoulenensis UICC Y-492 (0,65 x 108 CFU/ml), Hyp. burtonii UICC Y-496 (1,76 x 108 CFU/ml), dan Rh. mucilaginosa UICC Y-513 (2,13 x 108 CFU/ml).

---

The study was aimed to isolate and identify phylloplane yeasts from Broussonetia papyrifera plants from Bandung (Dago Pojok), Garut (Tunggilis and Sukadanu), and Trowulan; to investigate the yeasts with antagonistic abilities against moulds which attack post-harvest tomato fruits; and to observe the yeast viability after preservation at a temperature of -80 oC. Two thousand five hundred and forty-three yeast isolates were obtained using the washing method and the membrane filter method. Eighty-two representative yeast isolates were selected based on similarity of colony morphology. Identification was based on sequence data of internal transcribed spacer regions of ribosomal DNA (ITS rDNA).

The identification result showed that the 82 representative isolates were consisted of 17 genera and 32 species. Eleven of these genera are belong to Saccharomycetes and one genus belongs Dothidiomycetes (Ascomycota). Six genera are belong to Tremellomycetes, Microbotryomycetes, and Ustilaginomycetes (Basidiomycota). Three representative moulds obtained from the pathogenicity test were able to cause serious damage on post-harvest tomato fruits. These moulds were identified as, i.e. Alternaria alternata, Lasiodiplodia theobromae, and Syncephalastrum racemosum. Six antagonistic yeasts were able to inhibit growth and sporulation of post-harvest tomato moulds, i.e. Candida saopaulonensis UICC Y-492, Candida pseudojiufengensis UICC Y-475, Debaryomyces hansenii UICC Y-488, Geotrichum candidum UICC Y-495, Hyphopichia burtonii UICC Y-496, and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa UICC Y-476. The antagonistic yeasts were tested for their abilities to inhibit growth of A. alternata and L. theobromae which cause fruit rot on post-harvest tomatoes at 26--28oC for 15 days. Candida pseudojiufengensis UICC Y-475 was able to inhibit growth of A. alternata and reduce fruit rot symptoms in tomato fruit (100%). Candida saopoulenensis UICC Y-492 and Rh. mucilaginosa UICC Y-513 were able to inhibit growth of L. theobromae and reduce fruit rot symptoms in tomato fruit (67%).

The yeast viability was observed after being preserved at -80oC on day-1 (H1), day-7 (H7), day-14 (H14), day-30 (H-30), and day-180 (H-180). The results showed that all strains do not lose their viability after freezing at -80oC for 180 days. The number of cells for each strain after revival from preservation after 180 days were counted: C. pseudojiufengensis UICC Y-475 (1,08 x 108 CFU/ml), C. saopoulenensis UICC Y-492 (0,65 x 108 CFU/ml), Hyp. burtonii UICC Y-496 (1,76x 108 CFU/ml), and Rh. mucilaginosa UICC Y-513 (2,13 x 108 CFU/ml)."

"ABSTRAK Waktu inkubasi tnerupakan salah satu inasalah pentingdalam proses ferinentasi enzim, yang diperlukan untukineinperoleh aktivitas enzim yang tinggi.Penelitian .ini bertujuan inembandingkan aktivitasglukoainilase Aspergillus awainori UICC 314 pada 8 variasiwaktu inkubasi, yaitu 16, 18, 20, 24, 28, 30, 36, dan 42jam serta inencari waktu inkubasi yang optimal untukpeinanenan enzim.Pada proses fermentasi digunakan medium Sakaiinodifikasi. Pengujian aktivitas glukoainiiase dilakukandengan inetoda Nishise dkk. modifikasi. Aktivitasgiukoamilase dinyatakan dalam satuan unit/mi. Satu unitaktjvitas glukoamilase setara dengan satu pmol giukosayang dilepas per menit. Pengukuran kadar glukosadilakukan dengan inetoda Somogyi-Nelson.Hasil pengujian statistik menunjukkan adanyaperbedaan aktivitas giukoatnilase A. awainori UICC 314antara waktu inkubasi 16 jam dengan 18, 20, 24, 28, 30,36, dn 42 jam; 18 jam dengan 20, 24, 28, 30, 36; dan 42jam; 20 jam dengan 24, 28, 30, 36, dan 42 jam; 24 jamdengan 28, 30, 36, dan 42 jam; 28 jam dengan 30, 36, dan42 jam; 36 jam dengan 42 jam. Aktivitas giukoamilasetertinggi diperoleh pada waktu inkubasi 16 jam.viii + 57 him; gbr.; lamp.; tab."

"[Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 merupakan fungi yang mampu menghasilkan senyawa metabolit sekunder berupa lovastatin. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi konsentrasi urea terhadap kemampuan Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 dalam menghasilkan lovastatin. Proses fermentasi menggunakan konsentrasi inokulum Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 sebesar 1,96% (v/v) dalam medium Czapek?s Dox Broth (CDB) modifikasi dengan variasi konsentrasi urea (0mM, 33 mM, 42 mM, 50 mM, 58 mM, dan 67 mM) dan inkubasi selama 7 hari pada suhu ruang (27--300C) dengan kecepatan agitasi 90 rpm. Ekstrak hasil fermentasi dalam etil asetat diuji terhadap Candida albicans UICC Y-29 menggunakan metode difusi agar cara cakram. Ekstrak hasil fermentasi dari konsentrasi urea 42 mM mempunyai indeks penghambatan rata-rata tertinggi sebesar 0,54 ± 0,15. Hasil Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT) menunjukkan bahwa nilai Rf ekstrak hasil fermentasi dari konsentrasi urea 42 mM sama dengan lovastatin standar, yaitu 0,42 yang mengindikasikan ekstrak mengandunglovastatin. Uji Least Significant Difference (LSD) (P < 0,05) menunjukkanterdapat perbedaan nyata variasi konsentrasi urea terhadap kemampuan Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 dalam menghasilkan lovastatin. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa pemberian variasi konsentrasi urea berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 dalam menghasilkan lovastatin.;Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 is capable of producing secondary metabolites such as lovastatin. The study aims to determine the effect of variations of urea concentration on the ability of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin. The fermentation process using 1.96% (v/v) inoculum concentration of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 in the Czapek?s Dox Broth (CDB) medium modified with urea concentration variations (0 mM, 33 mM, 42 mM, 50 mM, 58 mM, and 67 mM) and incubated for 7 days at room temperature (27--30 °C) with agitation speed of 90 rpm. Ethyl acetate extracts were tested against Candidaalbicans UICC Y-29 using agar disc diffusion method. The extractfrom fermentation medium of 42 mM urea has the highest average of inhibition index of 0.54 ± 0.15. Results of Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) showed that the extract from fermentation medium of 42 mM urea has the same Rf value with lovastatin standard Rf 0.42 which indicated that the extract contained lovastatin. Least Significant Difference (LSD) test showed that there were significant difference in the urea concentration variation in the ability of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin. It shows that variation of urea concentrations affect the ability of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin., Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 is capable of producing secondary metabolites such as lovastatin. The study aims to determine the effect of variations of urea concentration on the ability of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin. The fermentation process using 1.96% (v/v) inoculum concentration of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 in the Czapek’s Dox Broth (CDB) medium modified with urea concentration variations (0 mM, 33 mM, 42 mM, 50 mM, 58 mM, and 67 mM) and incubated for 7 days at room temperature (27--30 °C) with agitation speed of 90 rpm. Ethyl acetate extracts were tested against Candidaalbicans UICC Y-29 using agar disc diffusion method. The extractfrom fermentation medium of 42 mM urea has the highest average of inhibition index of 0.54 ± 0.15. Results of Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) showed that the extract from fermentation medium of 42 mM urea has the same Rf value with lovastatin standard Rf 0.42 which indicated that the extract contained lovastatin. Least Significant Difference (LSD) test showed that there were significant difference in the urea concentration variation in the ability of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin. It shows that variation of urea concentrations affect the ability of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin.]"