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"Kandidiasis mulut adalah infeksi jamur yang paling sering ditemukan. Ini adalah infeksi jamur oportunistik pada rongga mulut yang disebakan oleh pertumbuhan jamur genus Candida, Candida albicans (C. albicans) adalah spesies yang paling banyak ditemukan. Manifestasi klinisnya dapat tergolong ringan dan berat bila menyerang individu dengan sistem kekebalan tubuh yang inadekuat. Obat antifungal yang ada memiliki peranan penting dalam menanggulangi penyakit ini. Sering terjadi resistensi dan masih tinggi toksisitas obat yang ada, dalam hal ini dibutuhkan agen-agen pengobatan yang baru dengan aktivitas antifungal yang lebih baik dan toksisitas yang rendah. Minyak esensial Melaleuca alternifolia (MA) dan Nigella sativa (NS) merupakan tanaman yang mempunyai efek antifungal yang baik dengan toksisitas dan resistensi yang rendah. Tujuan: Menganalisis potensi minyak esensial MA, NS dan kombinasinya dalam menghambat pertumbuhan C. albicans. Metoda: Minyak esensial MA dan NS didapat dari Eteris Nusantara dan dipaparkan pada C. albicans ATCC 10231 dan isolat klinik dengan metode uji daya hambat dan teknik serial dilution. Hasil: Minyak esensial MA dan kombinasi MA dan NS dapat menghambat 100% pertumbuhan C. albicans, sedangkan minyak esensial NS dapat menghambat rata-rata 11% pertumbuhan C. albicans isolat klinik. Kesimpulan: Minyak esensial NS dan kombinasi MA dan NS berpotensi dalam menghambat pertumbuhan C. albicans. Kombinasi MA dan NS lebih berpotensi dalam menghambat pertumbuhan C. albicans dibandingkan minyak esensial NS, tetapi kombinasi MA dan NS tidak lebih berpotensi dalam menghambat pertumbuhan C. albicans dibandingkan dengan minyak esensial MA.

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Oral candidiasis is the most common fungal infection. It is an opportunistic infection that occurs in the oral cavity that caused by Candida, the most abundant species is Candida albicans (C. albicans). The clinical manifestation of oral candidiasis is considered to be mild but it is become severe when it attack individual with inadequate immune system. Antifungal drugs have an important role in overcoming this disease, but resistance has developed to current antifungal drugs and some of it have a high toxicity, for these reasons it is important to find another drug with a low occurrence of resistance and lower toxicity. Melaleuca alternifolia (MA) and Nigella sativa (NS) essential oils are derived from herbal plant that have a good antifungal activity with a low toxicity and low occurrence of resistance. Aimed: To analyze the potential of MA, NS and the combination of both in inhibiting the growth of C. albicans. Method: Essential oils were from Eteris Nusantara, these oils were tested on C. albicans ATCC 10231 and C. albicans isolated from healthy patient. The method used was inhibition potential with serial dilution technique. Result: Essential oils of MA and the combination of MA and NS can inhibit the growth of C. albicans with a percentage of 100%. While, NS can inhibit the growth of C. albicans isolated from healthy patient with a mean percentage of 11%. Conclusion: Essential oils of NS and the combination of MA and NS have the potential to inhibit the growth of C. albicans. The combination of MA and NS has a better potential to inhibit the growth of C. albicans compared with NS, but the oil combination does not has a better potential compared with MA."

"Tea tree oil merupakan minyak atsiri dari tanaman Melaleuca alternifolia yang memiliki khasiat sebagai antibakteri. Sifat hidrofobik dari tea tree oil menimbulkan masalah dalam formulasi produk obat maupun kosmetik yang berbasis air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasikan tea tree oil dalam bentuk nanoemulsi gel dan menguji stabilitas fisik serta aktivitas antibakterinya secara in vitro. Nanoemulsi gel dibuat dengan berbagai konsentrasi tea tree oil yaitu 5%, 7%, dan 9% menggunakan tween 80 sebagai surfaktan dan propilenglikol sebagai kosurfaktan. Sediaan nanoemulsi gel tea tree oil menunjukkan penampilan fisik yang stabil selama penyimpanan 8 minggu pada suhu rendah (4°C ± 2°C) dan suhu ruang (25°C ± 2°C), cycling test, serta uji mekanik. Formula terbaik adalah nanoemulsi gel F1 yang mengandung tea tree oil 5% karena memiliki stabilitas yang baik, ukuran globul yang lebih kecil, dan viskositas yang lebih kental. Hasil uji aktivitas antibakteri secara in vitro menunjukkan bahwa sediaan nanoemulsi gel tea tree oil memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Propionibacterium acnes dengan terbentuknya zona hambat. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi tea tree oil dalam sediaan (5%, 7%, dan 9%) memberikan rata-rata zona hambat yang semakin besar (28,33 ± 0,88 mm; 30,33 ± 0,33 mm; dan 31,67 ± 0,33 mm).

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Tea tree oil is an essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia which has antibacterial activity. Hydrophobic properties of tea tree oil cause problem in the formulation of drug product as well as water-based cosmetics. This study aims to formulate tea tree oil into nanoemulsion gel dosage form and evaluate its physical stability and antibacterial activity. Nanoemulsion gel was formulated in various concentrations of tea tree oil, which were 5%, 7% and 9% using tween 80 as surfactant and propyleneglycol as cosurfactant. Nanoemulsion gel tea tree oil showed stable physical appearance during 8 weeks of storage at low temperature (4°C ± 2°C) and room temperature (25° ± 2°C), cycling test, as well as mechanical test. The best formula is nanoemulsion gel F1 containing 5% tea tree oil because it has good stability, smaller globule size, and more viscous. Results of antibacterial activity in vitro studies showed that tea tree oil nanoemulsion gel had antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes by the formation of inhibition zone. Higher concentration of tea tree oil in nanoemulsion gel (5%, 7%, and 9%) showed greater mean inhibition zone (28,33 ± 0,88 mm; 30,33 ± 0,33 mm; and 31,67 ± 0,33 mm)."

"Penghambatan aktivitas elastase dapat diterapkan sebagai metode untuk melindungi terhadap penuaan kulit. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memperoleh tanaman Indonesia yang memiliki potensi sebagai inhibitor elastase menggunakan penapisan virtual dengan piranti lunak penambatan molekul AutoDock. Penapisan virtual dari 1406 senyawa dari basis data senyawa tanaman obat di Indonesia terhadap penghambatan elastase diperoleh peringkat tertinggi yakni senyawa leucadenon A-D. Pengujian secara in vitro terhadap penghambatan elastase dilakukan terhadap ekstrak dan fraksi daun Melaleuca leucadendron L. yang mengandung senyawa leucadenon A-D yang menempati peringkat 5 besar teratas dari hasil penapisan virtual. Daun segar M. leucadendron L. diekstraksi secara maserasi dengan pelarut aseton kemudian difraksinasi dengan kloroform. Fraksi kloroform difraksinasi kembali menggunakan kromatografi cair vakum sehingga didapatkan 6 fraksi (A-F) yang digabungkan berdasarkan profil KLT. Persen inhibisi elastase berturut-turut pada konsentrasi 50; 25; dan 12,5 µg/mL, fraksi A adalah 68,3; 57,0; dan 47,6% dan fraksi B adalah 68,1; 64,0; dan 48,3%. Pada konsentrasi yang sama, nilai persen inhibisi fraksi A dan B lebih besar jika dibandingkan asam oleanolat yaitu 62,4; 55,9; dan 46,5%. Uji kinetika enzim menunjukkan fraksi B daun M. leucadendron L. menginhibisi elastase secara kompetitif. Hasil identifikasi golongan senyawa menunjukkan bahwa fraksi A dan B daun M. leucadendron L. mengandung flavonoid dan terpen.

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Inhibition of elastase activity can be applied as a method to protect against skin aging. This research was conducted to obtain Indonesian plants that have potential as elastase inhibitors using virtual screening with the molecular docking software AutoDock. Virtual screening of 1406 compounds from a database of medicinal plants in Indonesia on the inhibition of elastase obtained the highest rank is leucadenone A-D. In vitro assay on elastase inhibitory of leaves extract and fractions Melaleuca leucadendron L. containing leucadenone A-D compounds which ranks the top 5 of the virtual screening results. Fresh leaves of M. leucadendron L. extracted by maceration with acetone and then fractionated with chloroform. Chloroform fraction was fractionated using vacuum liquid chromatography and obtained 6 fractions (A-F) were combined based on TLC profiles. Percent inhibition of elastase at concentrations of 50; 25; and 12.5 µg/mL respectively, fraction A was 68.3; 57.0; and 47.6% and fraction B was 68.1; 64.0; and 48.3%. At the same concentration, percent inhibition of fractions A and B greater than oleanolat acid was 62.4; 55.9; and 46.5%. Enzyme kinetics assays showed that B fraction leaves Melaleuca leucadendron L. inhibited competitively. Phytochemical screening showed that A and B fraction leaves of M. leucadendron L. contained flavonoids and terpenes."

"Candida glabrata adalah spesies kedua yang terisolasi pada kandidiasis oral setelah Candida albicans. Nigella sativa (jintan hitam) dilaporkan memiliki efek antijamur. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis efek antijamur ekstrak biji Nigella sativa terhadap viabilitas Candida glabrata. Candida glabrata ditambahkan ke dalam 96 microwell plate yang telah dilapisi saliva buatan kemudian dipajankan dengan ekstrak biji Nigella sativa 6.25%-50% dan amphotericin B 250 mg/ml. Dilakukan pengujian viabilitas Candida glabrata dengan uji MTT. Viabilitas Candida glabrata lebih rendah setelah pamajanan dengan ekstrak biji Nigella sativa dibandingkan kontrol negatif. Viabilitas Candida glabrata semakin menurun seiring dengan peningkatan konsentrasi ekstrak biji Nigella sativa.

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Candida glabrata is the second most frequently isolated species from Oral Candidiasis, after Candida albicans. Nigella sativa (black cumin) is reported has antifungal effect. This research was to analyze Nigella sativa antifungal effect Seeds’ extract to the Candida glabrata viability. Candida glabrata was added on 96-microwell plate that had been coated with artificial saliva and exposed to 6.25-50% Nigella sativa seeds’ extract and amphotericin B 250 mg/ml. Candida glabrata viability was determined by MTT assay. Candida glabrata viability was lower after exposed by Nigella sativa seeds’ extract than negative control. Candida glabrata viability was decreased with increasing Nigella sativa seeds’ extract concentrations."

"Latar belakang : Nigella sativa dilaporkan memiliki efek antijamur terhadap Candida albicans. Candida albicans adalah jamur yang menyebabkan kandidiasis oral. Tujuan : Menganalisis efektivitas antijamur ekstrak biji Nigella sativa terhadap viabilitas Candida albicans. Metode : Candida albicans ditambahkan pada 96-microwell plate yang telah dilapisi saliva buatan, kemudian dipaparkan ekstrak biji Nigella sativa dengan konsentrasi 6.25%-50% dan amphotericin B 1µl (250mg/ml) sebagai kontrol positif. Viabilitas Candida albicans dihitung dengan uji MTT. Hasil : Nilai optical density Candida albicans lebih rendah setelah pemberian ekstrak biji Nigella sativa dibandingkan dengan kelompok tanpa perlakuan. Kesimpulan : Viabilitas Candida albicans setelah dipaparkan ekstrak biji Nigella sativa turun dibandingkan dengan kelompok tanpa perlakuan dan viabilitas Candida albicans menurun seiring dengan peningkatan konsentrasi ekstrak biji Nigella sativa.

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Back ground : Nigella sativa has antifungal effect against Candida albicans. Candida albicans is a fungi that causes oral candidiasis.

Objective : To analyze the antifungal effectiveness of the extract of Nigella sativa seed on the viability of Candida albicans.

Methods : Candida albicans was added on 96-well plate that had lined been by artificial saliva and exposed by the extract of Nigella sativa seed 6.25%-50% and amphotericin B 1µl (250mg/µl) was used as positive control. The viability of Candida albicans was determined by MTT assay.

Result : The optical density value of Candida albicans after exposed by the extract of Nigella sativa seed was lower than the negative control.

Conclusion : The viability of Candida albicans after exposed by the extract of Nigella sativa seed was decreased than the negative control and viability of Candida albicans was decreased as increasing concentrations of the extract of Nigella sativa seed."

"Minyak kayu putih merupakan salah satu minyak atsiri Indonesia yang diperoleh dari hasil penyulingan daun tanaman kayu putih (Melaleuca leucadendron L). Komponen utama dalam minyak kayu putih adalah sineol. Untuk menganalisis adanya kandungan sineol tersebut digunakan metode kromatografi gas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menetapkan kadar sineol dalam sediaan minyak kayu putih dengan kondisi analisis optimum sineol pada tekanan gas pembawa 40 kPa, temperatur tempat penyuntikkan 200ºC, temperatur kolom 30ºC yang dipertahankan selama 5 menit kemudian ditingkatkan hingga 100ºC dengan kenaikkan 1ºC per menit dan temperatur detektor FID 200ºC. Dari 8 sampel yang diperiksa, dapat diketahui bahwa seluruh sediaan minyak kayu putih mengandung sineol masing-masing, sampel A sebesar (27,54 ± 0,401) %b/v, sampel B (56,68 ± 0,029) %b/v, sampel C (44,93 ± 0,272) %b/v, sampel D (18,75 ± 0,099) %b/v, sampel E (0,38 ± 0,004) %b/v, sampel F (5,88 ± 0,037) %b/v, sampel G (7,85 ± 0,054) %b/v dan sampel H sebesar (6,76 ± 0,06) %b/v.

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Cajeput oil is one of the essential oils from Indonesia, this is obtained from the product of destilating the leaves from a cajeput tree (Melaleuca leucadendron L). The main component of this oil is cineol. To analyse the above possibility, the gas liquid chromatography method is used. This research is purposed to determine the cineol content in cajeput oil with analysis condition of gas chromatography as follows : pressure of carrier gas is 40 kPa, temperature of injector is 200ºC, temperature of detector is 200ºC and temperature of column is 30ºC which was maintained for 5 minutes and than raised up to 100ºC with temperature increased 1ºC per minute. After analysing 8 samples, the cineol are founded with content are as follows : the sample A has (27,54 ± 0,401) %b/v content, the sample B has (56,68 ± 0,029) %b/v, the sample C has (44,93 ± 0,272) %b/v, the sample D has (18,75 ± 0,099) %b/v, the sample E has (0,38 ± 0,004) %b/v, the sample F has (5,88 ± 0,037) %b/v, the sample G has (7,85 ± 0,054) %b/v and the sample H has (6,76 ± 0,06) %b/v content."

"[Dari tahun ke tahun, terdapat kecenderungan peningkatan prevalensi kasus penyakit demam tifoid yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Salmonella typhi. Telah banyak dilaporkan hasil penelitian mengenai aktivitas antibiotik untuk menangani infeksi S. typhi yang sudah tidak sensitif. Oleh karena itu diperlukan tatalaksana alternatif untuk infeksi S. typhi. Di berbagai negara, Nigella sativa Linn. dipercaya oleh masyarakat untuk mengobati berbagai macam penyakit. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui potensi ekstrak Nigella sativa Linn. sebagai antibakteri Salmonella typhi. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Klinik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia dengan desain eksperimental secara in vitro pada agar nutrisi menggunakan metode difusi cara sumuran. Nigella sativa Linn. diuji potensinya sebagai antibakteri dalam bentuk ekstrak dengan pelarut metanol pada konsentrasi 1000 mg/mL, 500 mg/mL, 250 mg/mL, 125 mg/mL, dan 62,5 mg/mL sebanyak empat kali pengulangan, serta diukur dalam bentuk zona hambat yang dibandingkan dengan larutan antibiotik siproflokasasin konsentrasi 5 μg/mL sebagai kontrol positif dan akuades sebagai kontrol negatif. Penelitian menunjukan bahwa ekstrak Nigella sativa Linn. tidak berpotensi sebagai antibakteri Salmonella typhi., There is a trend of increasing prevalence of typhoid fever cases caused by Salmonella typhi. It has been widely reported, some research results on the activity of antibiotics to deal with S. typhi infections that are not sensitive. Therefore, we need an alternative for the treatment of S. typhi infection. In many countries, Nigella sativa Linn. is trusted by the community to treat various diseases. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of Nigella sativa Linn. extract as an antibacterial agent for Salmonella typhi. The study was conducted at the Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia with experimental design, in vitro on nutrient agar using well diffusion method. The potential of Nigella sativa Linn. was tested in the form of extract with methanol at a concentration of 1000 mg/mL, 500 mg/mL, 250 mg/mL, 125 mg/mL, and 62.5 mg/mL, four times repetition, and measured in terms of inhibition zone that were compared to antibiotic ciprofloxacin solution at a concentration of 5 mg/mL as a positive control and to distilled water as a negative control. The experiment showed that the extract of Nigella sativa Linn. has no potential as an antibacterial agent for Salmonella typhi.]"

"[ABSTRAKPenyakit diare masih merupakan masalah serius di Indonesia, terutama pada anak-anak. Salah satu patogen tersering penyebab diare adalah Escherichia coli, terutama ETEC. Penggunaan Nigella sativa untuk berbagai penyakit sudah diteliti, namun hasil penelitian terhadap Escherichia coli belum konklusif. Oleh karena itu dilakukan percobaan untuk mengetahui potensi antibakteri Nigella sativa Linn. terhadap Escherichia coli. Penelitia dilakukan di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi FKUI secara in vitro, menggunakan metode sumuran. Konsentrasi ekstrak N. sativa yang digunakan ialah 1000 mg/ml, 500 mg/ml, 250 mg/ml, 125 mg/ml, dan 62,5 mg/ml, dengan siprofloksasin sebagai kontrol positif dan akuades sebagai kontrol negatif. Percobaan dilakukan tiga kali dengan pengulangan masing-masing empat kali. Pada penelitian ini tidak ditemukan adanya efek antibakteri Nigella sativa Linn. terhadap Escherichia coli. Hal ini dapat disebabkan oleh karakteristik Nigella sativa di Indonesia

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ABSTRACTDiarrhea is still a serious problem in Indonesia, especially in children. One of the most common pathogen causing diarrhea is Escherichia coli, particularly ETEC. The use of Nigella sativa for various diseases have been studied, but the results of a study of Escherichia coli has not been conclusive. Therefore an experiment is conducted to determine the antibacterial activity of Nigella sativa Linn. against Escherichia coli. The experiment is conducted at the Laboratory of Microbiology Faculty of Medicine in vitro, using agar dilution method. N. sativa extract concentration used was 1000 mg / mL, 500 mg / mL, 250 mg / mL, 125 mg / ml, and 62.5 mg / ml, with ciprofloxacin as a positive control and distilled water as a negative control. Experiments were performed three times with each repetition of four times. The study results show no antibacterial effects of Nigella sativa Linn. against Escherichia coli. It can be caused by the characteristics of Nigella sativa in Indonesia;Diarrhea is still a serious problem in Indonesia, especially in children. One of the most common pathogen causing diarrhea is Escherichia coli, particularly ETEC. The use of Nigella sativa for various diseases have been studied, but the results of a study of Escherichia coli has not been conclusive. Therefore an experiment is conducted to determine the antibacterial activity of Nigella sativa Linn. against Escherichia coli. The experiment is conducted at the Laboratory of Microbiology Faculty of Medicine in vitro, using agar dilution method. N. sativa extract concentration used was 1000 mg / mL, 500 mg / mL, 250 mg / mL, 125 mg / ml, and 62.5 mg / ml, with ciprofloxacin as a positive control and distilled water as a negative control. Experiments were performed three times with each repetition of four times. The study results show no antibacterial effects of Nigella sativa Linn. against Escherichia coli. It can be caused by the characteristics of Nigella sativa in Indonesia;Diarrhea is still a serious problem in Indonesia, especially in children. One of the most common pathogen causing diarrhea is Escherichia coli, particularly ETEC. The use of Nigella sativa for various diseases have been studied, but the results of a study of Escherichia coli has not been conclusive. Therefore an experiment is conducted to determine the antibacterial activity of Nigella sativa Linn. against Escherichia coli. The experiment is conducted at the Laboratory of Microbiology Faculty of Medicine in vitro, using agar dilution method. N. sativa extract concentration used was 1000 mg / mL, 500 mg / mL, 250 mg / mL, 125 mg / ml, and 62.5 mg / ml, with ciprofloxacin as a positive control and distilled water as a negative control. Experiments were performed three times with each repetition of four times. The study results show no antibacterial effects of Nigella sativa Linn. against Escherichia coli. It can be caused by the characteristics of Nigella sativa in Indonesia, Diarrhea is still a serious problem in Indonesia, especially in children. One of the most common pathogen causing diarrhea is Escherichia coli, particularly ETEC. The use of Nigella sativa for various diseases have been studied, but the results of a study of Escherichia coli has not been conclusive. Therefore an experiment is conducted to determine the antibacterial activity of Nigella sativa Linn. against Escherichia coli. The experiment is conducted at the Laboratory of Microbiology Faculty of Medicine in vitro, using agar dilution method. N. sativa extract concentration used was 1000 mg / mL, 500 mg / mL, 250 mg / mL, 125 mg / ml, and 62.5 mg / ml, with ciprofloxacin as a positive control and distilled water as a negative control. Experiments were performed three times with each repetition of four times. The study results show no antibacterial effects of Nigella sativa Linn. against Escherichia coli. It can be caused by the characteristics of Nigella sativa in Indonesia]"

"[Di Indonesia, penyakit menular akibat infeksi virus dan bakteri masihmendominasi penyebab kematian bersama dengan non communicable disease.Salah satu bakteri yang menyebabkan morbiditas dan mortalitas tinggi sertaresistensi terhadap berbagai antibiotik yaitu bakteri gram negatif, Pseudomonasaeruginosa.Karena itu diperlukan suatu alternatif antibiotik untuk infeksi bakteriini. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menilai efek antibakteri dari ekstrakNigella sativa Linn. terhadap bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Penelitiandilakukan di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi FKUI dengan desain penelitianeksperimental secara in vitro menggunakan metode sumuran. Penelitianmenggunakan lima konsentrasi berbeda dari ekstrak Nigella sativa Linn. yaitu 1g/ml, 0.5 g/ml, 0.25 g/ml, 0.125 g/ml, 0.0625 g/ml dibandingkan dengankontrolpositif yaitu antibiotik siprofloksasin dengan konsentrasi 1 mg/ml dan kontrolnegatif yaitu akuades. Penelitian dilakukan dua kali dengan masing-masing empatpengulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terdapat efek antibakteri dariNigella sativa Linn. terhadap Pseudomonas aeruginosa., Of all the causes of death in Indonesia, communicable diseases caused bybacterial and viral infections, along with the non communicable diseases, havebeen the leading causes of death. The gram negative bacteria, Pseudomonasaeruginosa, is one of the causes of high morbidity, mortality, and antibioticresistance. For that reason, we need to find another alternative antibiotic choicefor infections caused by this bacteria. The aim of this study is to assess theantibacterial effect of the Nigella sativa Linn.extract towards Pseudomonasaeruginosa. This in vitro experimental trial was done in LaboratoriumMikrobiologi FKUI using the agar welldilution method. This study used fivedifferent concentration ofNigella sativa Linn.extract: 1 g/ml, 0.5 g/ml, 0.25 g/ml,0.125 g/ml, 0.0625 g/ml. Ciprofloxacin 1mg/ml was used for the positive controland aquades was used for the negative. The trials were done twice with fourrepetitions. The results showed no antibacterial effects of Nigella sativaLinn.extract towards Pseudomonas aeruginosa.]"

"[Pendahuluan: Penyakit menular di Indonesia masih menjadi permasalahanutama. Salah satu etiologi ISPA tersering ialah Streptococcus pyogenes. Seiringmeningkatnya angka resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotik lini utama, ekstrakNigella sativa Linn. dikembangkan sebagai alternatif terapi. Biji jintan hitam(Nigella sativa Linn.) dipercaya memiliki potensi efek antibakteri. Penelitian iniditujukan untuk mengetahui potensi aktivitas antibakteri dari ekstrak Nigellasativa Linn.Metode: Percobaan dilakukan di Departemen Mikrobiologi Klinik FKUI. Potensiaktivitas antibakteri diamati melalui tiga percobaan. Percobaan pertamamenggunakan lima konsentrasi berbeda yakni 200 mg/mL, 100 mg/mL, 50mg/mL, 25 mg/mL, 12,5 mg/mL. Percobaan kedua dan ketiga menggunakan limakonsentrasi lain, yakni 1000 mg/mL, 500 mg/mL, 250 mg/mL, 125 mg/mL dan62,5 mg/mL. Ekstrak kemudian diuji secara in vitro dengan metode difusi carasumuran, dibandingkan dengan antibiotik amoksisilin 10 ug/mL sebagai kontrolpositif dan larutan akuades sebagai kontrol negatif. Setiap percobaan dilakukandengan empat kali pengulangan.Hasil: Tidak terdapat zona hambat pada sumuran ekstrak Nigella sativa Linn.Hasil ini berbeda dengan penelitian sebelumnya yang menunjukkan ekstrakNigella sativa Linn. memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap S. Pyogenes. Beberapafaktor yang berpotensi memengaruhi hasil penelitian ialah penggunaan pelarutekstrak, sifat dari bahan dasar biji jintan hitam, serta metode uji, Introduction: Infectious diseases in Indonesia are still a major problem. One ofthe most common etiology of respiratory infection is Streptococcus pyogenes.Several studies have shown an increase of antibiotic resistance for treatment ofStreptococcus pyogenes, extracts of Nigella sativa Linn. was developed as analternative therapy. Black cumin seeds (Nigella sativa Linn.) is believed to havethe potential antibacterial effect. This study aimed to determine the potentialantibacterial activity of extracts of Nigella sativa Linn.Methods: Experiments were performed at the Department of ClinicalMicrobiology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia. Potential antibacterialactivity was observed through three experiments. The first experiments using fivedifferent concentrations of the 200 mg/mL, 100 mg/mL, 50 mg/mL, 25 mg/mL,12.5 mg/mL. The second and third experiments using five differentconcentrations, 1000 mg/mL, 500 mg/mL, 250 mg/mL, 125 mg/mL and 62.5mg/mL. Extracts were then tested in vitro using agar well plate method, comparedwith the antibiotic amoxicillin 10 ug/mL as a positive control and aquades as anegative control. Each experiment was tested with four repetitions.Results: There was no inhibition zone on extracts of Nigella sativa Linn. Theseresults differ from previous studies that showed antibacterial activity of Nigellasativa Linn. Some of the factors that could potentially influence the outcome ofresearch is the use of solvent extract, the nature of the basic ingredients of blackcumin seeds, as well as test methods.]"