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"ABSTRAKStudi ini meneliti pengeluaran pemerintah untuk pendidikan dan kesehatan di Indonesia dan pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi menggunakan panel kointegrasi dan analisis kausalitas. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menggunakan regresi data panel standar dan panel data regresi dengan variabel instrumen. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa adanya kausalitas dua arah antara pengeluaran pendidikan dan produk domestik regional bruto (PDRB) serta pengeluaran kesehatan dan PDRB. Dari hasil regresi data panel dengan variabel instrumen, belanja pendidikan memiliki hubungan positif dengan pertumbuhan ekonomi dan secara statistik signifikan. Sebaliknya, pengeluaran kesehatan hanya memiliki tanda positif tetapi secara statistik tidak signifikan. Temuan ini memiliki implikasi kebijakan utama seperti kebutuhan untuk meningkatkan alokasi anggaran daerah terutama untuk sektor pendidikan dan kesehatan dan sektor-sektor produktif lainnya. Provinsi-provinsi dengan tingkat pertumbuhan ekonomi yang rendah harus memperkuat keuangan daerah dengan pendapatan asli daerah sehingga mereka dapat meningkatkan PDRB dan mengalokasikan anggaran lebih untuk pendidikan dan kesehatan.

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ABSTRACT

This study investigates government's expenditure on education and health in Indonesia and its effect on economic growth using panel cointegration and causality analysis. Furthermore, this study also employs standard panel data regression and panel data regression with instrument variable. The results show that the existence of bidirectional causality among education expenditure and gross regional domestic product (GRDP) as well as health expenditure and GRDP. From the result of panel data regression with instrument variable, education expenditure has a positive relationship with economic growth and statistical significance. On the contrary, health expenditure only has a positive sign but is statistically not significant. These findings have main policy implications such as the need to increase the allocation of the local budget especially for education and health sectors and other productive sectors. Indeed, the low-growth provinces should strengthen their regional finance with local own revenue so that they can increase GRDP and allocate more budget for education and health."

"Economists have talked about government expenditure and its relation to poverty, health, and education for decades. Indeed, many theories and empirical evidence have been conducted since then. This study evaluates the relationship between Special Autonomy Fund (SAF) and poverty, health, and education indicators in Aceh province, Indonesia, using a panel dataset of 30 regions in the 2002-2018 period. Synthetic Control Method (SCM) is used as the model to accommodate the allocation of SAF to Aceh given by the central government since it is commonly applied to the cases of policy intervention in comparative case studies. This paper discovers that the SAF plays a vital role in lowering the poverty rate, escalating access to safe sanitation, and improving the net enrollment ratio of senior secondary schools. However, there is no prominent association between SAF allocation and access to safe water. This outcome variable shows positive and negative signs; therefore, a conclusion could not be provided."

"Para pengamat ekonomi telah meneliti hubungan antara pengeluaran pemerintah dengan kemiskinan, kesehatan, dan pendidikan sejak beberapa dekade yang lalu. Sehingga, banyak teori dan bukti empiris telah ditemukan sejak saat itu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kaitan antara Dana Otonomi Khusus (Otsus) sebagai salah satu jenis pengeluaran pemerintah, dengan indikator-indikator kemiskinan, kesehatan, dan pendidikan di Provinsi Aceh, melibatkan panel data dari 30 provinsi dalam periode 2002-2018. Metode sintetik kontrol digunakan karena model dimaksud biasanya digunakan pada kasus-kasus intervensi kebijakan pemerintah dalam studi kasus perbandingan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dana otsus berperan penting dalam menurunkan tingkat kemiskinan, meningkatkan akses sanitasi yang aman, dan menaikkan tingkat penerimaan siswa sekolah menengah atas. Namun demikian, tidak ada hubungan yang jelas antara alokasi dana otsus dan akses air bersih.

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Economists have talked about government expenditure and its relation with poverty, health, and education from decades ago. Indeed, many theories and empirical evidence have been conducted since then. This study aims to evaluate relationship between one type of government spending, Special Autonomy Fund (SAF), and poverty, health, and education indicators in Aceh province, Indonesia, using panel dataset of 30 provinces in 2002-2018 period. Synthetic Control Method (SCM) is used as the model, since it is commonly applied to the cases of policy intervention in comparative case studies. This paper discovers that the SAF lowers poverty rate, escalate access to safe sanitation, and improve net enrollment ratio of senior secondary school. Nevertheless, there is no prominent association between SAF allocation and access to safe water."

"[Tesis ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa dampak dari belanja pemerintah di bidang pendidikan dan kesehatan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia, menggunakan data panel yang meliputi 28 provinsi selama periode 2003 sampai dengan 2013. Studi dalam tesis ini memanfaatkan tes kausalitas dan analisis pooled ordinary least square (OLS). Hasil dari tes kausalitas menunjukkan adanya hubungan kausalitas dua arah antara belanja pemerintah di bidang pendidikan dan kesehatan dengan Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB). Hasil dari analisis OLS menunujukkan bahwa belanja pemerintah di bidang pendidikan dankesehatan mempengaruhi pertumbuhan ekonomi secara positif. Hasil studi dalam tesis ini konsisteen dengan hasil-hasil studi empiris sebelumnya;The paper studies the effect of government education and health expenditure on economic growth in Indonesia, using panel data from 28 provinces covering the period 2003 to 2013. This study utilizes causality test and pooled ordinary least square (OLS) analysis. The causality test result shows the existence of bidirectional causality between government education expenditure and gross regional domestic product (GRDP) as well as government health expenditure andGRDP. The OLS analysis finds robust evidence that education and healthexpenditure positively affect economic growth. The results are consistent with previous empirical studies., The paper studies the effect of government education and health expenditure oneconomic growth in Indonesia, using panel data from 28 provinces covering theperiod 2003 to 2013. This study utilizes causality test and pooled ordinary leastsquare (OLS) analysis. The causality test result shows the existence ofbidirectional causality between government education expenditure and grossregional domestic product (GRDP) as well as government health expenditure andGRDP. The OLS analysis finds robust evidence that education and healthexpenditure positively affect economic growth. The results are consistent withprevious empirical studies.]"

"ABSTRAKPemberian ASI eksklusif masih rendah sehingga perlu dilakukan upaya untukmeningkatkan cakupannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah teridentifikasi mitos, budaya,pengetahuan dan sikap yang mempengaruhi pemberian ASI ekslusif, terbentuknyamodel pendidikan kesehatan terhadap perilaku pemberian ASI eksklusif sebagai dasaruntuk suksesnya target pencapaian pemberian ASI eksklusif melalui penerapan modelpendidikan kesehatan berbasis budaya yang telah teruji, dan praktek pemberian ASI 1bulan. Penelitian ini merupakan operasional riset dengan menggunakan mixed methodyaitu kualitatif dan kuantitaif. Sampel kualitatif diambil secara snowboll denganjumlah 19 orang dan kuantitaif diambil secara puorposive sesuai kriteria inklusidengan jumlah 84 orang dan terbagi dalam dua kelompok yaitu 42 orang kelompokintervensi dan 42 orang kelompok kontol. Kelompok intervensi mendapatkanpendidikan kesehatan IMTASIE. Hasil penelitian kualitatif mengidentifikasi mitosdan budaya yang mempengaruhi pemberian ASI eksklusif masih sangat kuatdipertahankan, pengetahuan ibu kurang, dan semua ibu ingin memberikan ASI. Hasilpenelitian kuantitatif Model IMTASIE yang dikembangkan secara signifikanmemberikan efek terhadap praktik pemberian ASI satu bulan dengan nilai p value0.026 (<0.05). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini direkomendasikan perlunya pelibatantokoh masyarakat dalam kegiatan pendidikan kesehatan tentang pemberian ASIeksklusiff dari perspektif budaya

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ABSTRACTExclusive breastfeeing rate is still low, hence needs marked promotion. The objectiveof this study is to identify the myths, culture, knowledge, and attitude affecting theexclusive breastfeeding practice, to form and to implement a culture-based healtheducation model (IMTASIE) on exclusive breastfeeding. This study was designed asan operational mixed-method research. Qualitative sample was recruited throughsnowball sampling and reached 19 participants. Whereas, purposive sampling of 84participants, divided into treatment and control group, each comprised of 42participants, involved in the quantitative test. Treatment group received IMTASIEhealth education. The qualitative results revealed the myths and culture surroundingexclusive breastfeeding practice which were still strongly held by mothers, lack ofmothers? knowledge on exclusive breastfeeding in spite of their willingness tobreastfeed. IMTASIE model significantly influenced the exclusive breastfeedingpractice for the first month with p value 0.026 (<0.05). The results implied theimportance of involving community leaders in culture-based health education onexclusive breastfeeding."

"Indonesia has been experiencing a rapid economic growth amid global crises in the United. States and the European Union countries. In addition, government expenditures in Indonesiahave also shown an increasing trend in recent years. Using panel data from 33 provinces inIndonesia from 2007 to 2012, this paper describes the current condition of GDP growth andgovernment expenditures, examines the relationship between government expenditure andeconomic growth, and formulates government expenditure policy in order to harmonize GDPgrowth, poverty alleviation, and income inequality. The result indicates that governmentexpenditure for development, such as building roads, hospital, bridges, electricity, and watersupply, has a significant and positive effect on the regional economic growth rate. Not onlycan government expenditures affect economic growth but it also can reduce poverty bystrengthening human capital through better education and health facilities."

"This paper investigates the role of financial technology (FinTech) in propelling economic growth in Indonesia from 1998 to 2018. The FinTech industry employs a technology-based business model to provide financial services, including lending, payment, investment, and financing services. The study is motivated by endogenous growth theory, which seeks to explain technology as the most important driver of economic growth. The study finds that FinTech startups are positively correlated with Indonesia’s economic growth. FinTech firms in their first year are found to be disruptive, but they fail to have serious consequences on Indonesia’s economic growth; however, they seem to significantly encourage economic growth in their second year. These findings are derived after accounting for other important growth determinants, namely, capital per labor, foreign direct investment (FDI), stock market development, and trade openness."

"Although research has demonstrated the efficacy of psychological services for ameliorating physical conditions, consumers are often uninformed of the advantages of integrated health care. To begin to address this knowledge gap, the authors developed, offered, and assessed a 2-hr community outreach program."