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"Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, angka kejadian alergi terus meningkat tajam baik di dalam negeri maupun luar negeri. World Allergy Organization (WAO) menyebutkan 22% penduduk dunia menderita alergi dan terus meningkat setiap tahun. Alergi makanan merupakan suatu kondisi yang disebabkan oleh reaksi IgE terhadap bahan (zat kimia) makanan. Alergi makanan dapat mengganggu fungsi otak dan sistem organ tubuh serta mempengaruhi kualitas hidup seseorang.Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui gambaran sensitivitas terhadap alergen makanan di Poli Alergi Imunologi Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM) pada tahun 2007. Data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder dari 208 responden yang memiliki rekam medik dan yang melakukan tes tusuk kulit (skin prick test) di Poli Alergi Imunologi RSCM tahun 2007. Analisis univariat dilakukan untuk mendeskripsikan jenis alergen makanan pada kelompok anakdan dewasa. Sebesar 49% responden sensitif terhadap alergen makanan. Jenis makanan yang paling banyak menyebabkan alergi pada anak-anak dan dewasa berturut-turut adalah udang, putih telur dan maizena. Susu sapi dan tepung terigu merupakan jenis makanan yang paling banyak menyebabkan alergi hanya pada anak-anak, sedangkanpada dewasa, makanan yang paling banyak menyebabkan alergi adalah kepiting.

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AbstractIn recent years, the occurrence of allergy continues to increase rapidly both domestically and globally. World Allergy Organization (WAO) revealed that 22% of the world population suffersfrom allergies, and this number increases every year. Food allergy is a condition caused by the reaction of IgE against substances (chemicals) in food. Food allergy can interfere with brain function and body organ systems as well as affect the quality of life. The purpose of this study is to know the level of sensitivity of food allergens in the Immunology Allergy Poly RSCM in 2007. Data were collected from 208 patients who have medical records and went through skinprick tests in the Immunology Allergy Clinic RSCM in 2007. Univariate analysis was performed to describe the types of food allergens within groups of children and adults. Around 49% of the respondents were sensitive to food allergens. The types of foods that caused the most allergies for children and adults are respectively shrimp, egg white andcornstarch. Cow's milk and wheat flour are the types of food that caused most allergies for children only, whereas for adults, the food that caused the most allergies is crab."

"ABSTRACTLatar belakang. Prevalens alergi makanan meningkat dalam dekade terakhir, namun belum ada data prevalens alergi makanan di Indonesia. Alergi makanan paling banyak ditemukan pada anak berusia kurang dari 3 tahun. Perolehan data prevalens dapat dilakukan dengan survei berbasis web yang memiliki hasil sebaik survei langsung.Tujuan. Mengetahui prevalens alergi makanan pada anak usia kurang dari 3 tahun di Jakarta berbasis survei dalam jaringan (daring). Mengetahui angka penegakan diagnosis alergi makanan dari terduga alergi makanan, manifestasi klinis keluhan orangtua yang menandakan anaknya alergi makanan, jenis makanan penyebab, dan sebaran alergi makanan berdasarkan gambaran pemberian makan dan kejadian alergi keluarga.Metode. Studi ini adalah deskriptif potong lintang menggunakan survei daring selama Januari 2011-Oktober 2013. Orangtua anak usia <3 tahun di Jakarta yang mampu mengakses internet dengan keluhan kecurigaan alergi makanan pada anaknya, melakukan log masuk di www.alergianakku.com. Kuesioner daring yang terisi kemudian diseleksi sesuai inklusi. Konfirmasi diagnosis didapatkan dengan menanyakan ulang informasi alergi, termasuk melalui pemanggilan dan pemeriksaan langsung. Hasil. Sebanyak 286 subjek yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi; terdapat 100 subjek (35%) dengan terduga alergi makanan dan 30 subjek dari 100 subjek ditetapkan memiliki alergi makanan. Karakteristik subjek adalah mayoritas lelaki (60%) dan kelompok usia >12-36 bulan (48%). Pada kelompok alergi makanan, usia terbanyak >6-12 bulan (11/30). Gejala alergi makanan tersering adalah reaksi kulit (26/30). Makanan penyebab alergi tersering adalah susu sapi. Mayoritas subjek dengan alergi makanan mendapatkan ASI hingga usia 12 bulan (13/30); ASI eksklusif diberikan <6 bulan (23/30), dan makanan pendamping diberikan saat usia 2-4 bulan (13/30). Riwayat alergi pada keluarga (27/30) tersering adalah asma (12/30) dengan hubungan keluarga tersering ibu kandung (15/30). Simpulan. Prevalens alergi makanan pada anak usia kurang dari 3 tahun di Jakarta berbasis survei daring adalah 10,5%. Diagnosis alergi makanan dari terduga alergi makanan adalah 30%. Keluhan tersering yang menandakan alergi makanan adalah reaksi kulit. Jenis makanan tersering penyebab alergi adalah susu sapi. Mayoritas subjek dengan alergi makanan mendapatkan ASI hingga usia 12 bulan, ASI eksklusif diberikan kurang dari 6 bulan, diberikan makanan pendamping dini, dan sebagian besar memiliki riwayat alergi keluarga dengan hubungan tersering ibu kandung dan penyakit alergi keluarga tersering adalah asma.

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ABSTRACTBackground. Prevalence of food allergy is increasing in last decade; however there is no data from Indonesia yet. Food allergy is mostly found in children below 3 years of age. Web-based surveys can be used for obtaining prevalence data as well as direct surveys.Objectives. To know the prevalence of food allergy in children less than 3 years old in Jakarta based on online survey. To know the confirmed food allergy diagnosis from suspected food allergy, clinical manifestation of childhood food allergy based on the parent’s complaint, food etiology, and food allergy distribution based on feeding model and family allergic history.Methods. A cross-sectional descriptive study with online survey during January 2011-October 2013. Parents, who have children <3 years old in Jakarta with suspected food allergy complaint and have access to internet, log in to www.alergianakku.com. The filled online questionnaire was selected by inclusion criteria. Confirmation of diagnosis was made by convincing allergic history, asking the subject to come and by direct examination. Results. Total 286 subjects fulfilled the inclusion criteria; 100 subjects (35%) were suspected food allergy, and 30 out of 100 were diagnosed food allergy. The majority characteristics of subjects were male (60%) and >12-36 months age group (48%). The majority of food allergy subjects were >6-12 months age group (11/30). The most frequent food allergy symptom was skin reaction (26/30). The most frequent food etiology was cow’s milk. The food allergy subjects were breastfed until the age of 12 months (13/30); were given exclusive breastfeeding less than 6 months (23/30) and complementary food at age 2-4 months (13/30). Most of them had family allergic history (27/30), with asthma (12/30) as the most frequent disease, and the most frequent relationship was mother (15/30). Conclusions. Prevalence of food allergy in children less than 3 years old in Jakarta based on online survey is 10.5%. The confirmed food allergy diagnosis from suspected food allergy is 30%. The most frequent clinical manifestation of childhood food allergy is skin reaction. The most frequent food etiology is cow’s milk. The food allergy subjects were breastfed until the age of 12 months; were given exclusive breastfeeding less than 6 months and complementary food at age 2-4 months. Most of them have family allergic history, the disease is asthma, and the relationship is mother"

"ABSTRAKLatar belakang. Rinitis Alergi adalah penyakit inflamasi yang disebabkan oleh reaksi alergi pada pasien atopi. Tungau debu rumah TDR merupakan aeroalergen tersering yang mensensitisasi reaksi alergi. Pada tahun 1988 reseptor vitamin D VDR , berhasil di klon. Reseptor vitamin D berlokasi di beberapa jaringan dan sel tubuh manusia, termasuk di peripheral blood mononuclear cells PBMCs dan limfosit T yang telah teraktivasi. Riset yang lebih jauh memperlihatkan bahwa vitamin D mempunyai beberapa efek dari pengaturan sitokin terhadap beberapa sel yang berbeda dari sistem imun. Vitamin D dapat menekan respon Th1 dan Th2. Sel Th1 dan Th2 menghambat perkembangan satu sama lain.Tujuan. Melihat pengaruh pemberian Vitamin D terhadap kadar IL-10, IFN-? dan histamin pada kultur PBMC pasien rinitis alergiMetode. Sampel merupakan darah segar whole blood penderita rinitis alergi yang telah dilekukan prick test, serta diiisolasi dengan metode Ficoll. Bahan biologis tersimpan yang berupa supernatan kultur. Kultur sel limfosit sebelum perlakuan, diberi pendedahan tanpa atau dengan 1,25 OH 2D3 100 nM, waktu inkubasi 7 hari, dengan penambahan PHA dan alergen tungau pada hari ke-4. Kultur sel-sel PBMC dari pasien RA setelah perlakuan, dilakukan harvest pada hari ke-7, kemudian supernatanannya dialikuot untuk diukur kadar sitokin IFN-? dan IL-10, dan diuji secara statistik untuk melihat pola dari tiap parameter.Hasil: Pemberian alergen tungau tanpa vitamin D menyebabkan meningkatnya kadar histamin serta menurunkan kadar IL-10 dan IFN-?. Pemberian vitamin D pada kultur sel PBMC yang telah diberi alergen tungau menyebabkan peningkatan kadar IL-10 dan penurunan kadar IFN-? dan histamin.Simpulan: Menurunnya kadar histamin dan IFN-? terhadap stimulasi alergen tungau pasien rinitis alergi yang diberi vitamin D cenderung berhubungan dengan meningkatnya kiadar IL-10.

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ABSTRACTBackground. Allergic rhinitis is an inflammatory disease caused by an allergic reaction in atopic patients. House dust mites TDR are the most common aeroalergens that sensitize allergic reactions. In 1988 vitamin D receptor VDR , successfully in clones. Vitamin D receptors are located in several tissues and human body cells, including peripheral blood mononuclear cells PBMCs and activated T lymphocytes. Further research has shown that vitamin D has some effects of cytokine regulation on several cells different from the immune system. Vitamin D can suppress Th1 and Th2 responses. Th1 and Th2 cells inhibit the development of each other. Aim.To identify the Effect of Vitamin D On IL 10 IFN and histamine levels on PBMC Cultur of Allergic Rhinitis PatientsMethod. The sample is fresh blood whole blood of allergic rhinitis patients who have been prick tested, and isolated by Ficoll method. Pre treated lymphocyte culture, treated with or without 1,25 OH 2D3 100 nM, and incubated for 7 days, with addition of PHA and allergen mites on day 4. Cultures of PBMC cells from RA patients after treatment were harvested on day 7, then the supernatant was dialyzed for measured levels of IFN and IL 10 cytokines using elisa kits and tested statistically to see patterns of each parameter.Result. Giving allergen mites without vitamin D causes increased levels of histamine and lowers levels of IL 10 and IFN . Provision of vitamin D in PBMC cell culture that has been given allergen mites causes increased levels of IL 10 and decreased levels of IFN and histamine.Conclusion. Reduced levels of histamine and IFN against allergen mite stimulation of allergic rhinitis patients given vitamin D tend to be associated with increased IL 10 levels."

"ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Atopi yang ditandai dengan sensitisasi (produksi IgE) terhadap alergen merupakan faktor risiko untuk terjadinya penyakit alergi. Karena komposisi genetik cenderung stabil, peningkatan prevalensi penyakit alergi diduga disebabkan oleh faktor lingkungan yang berubah.Tujuan: Mengetahui faktor yang memengaruhi sensitisasi terhadap alergen hirup dan munculnya manifestasi penyakit alergi pada populasi dewasa muda di Indonesia.Metode: Penelitian potong lintang dilakukan pada mahasiswa baru Universitas Indonesia tahun 2019. Mahasiswa diminta mengisi kuesioner berisi data demografi, kuesioner International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC), menjalani pemeriksaan fisik dan uji cukil kulit terhadap lima alergen hirup (kecoa, Dermatophagoides farinae, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, bulu kucing, epitel anjing). Sensitisasi ditandai dengan terdapat setidaknya satu hasil positif pada uji cukil kulit. Jika terdapat hasil positif pada dua atau lebih alergen, subyek disebut mengalami polisensitisasi. Manifestasi alergi yang dinilai berupa asma, rinitis alergi, dan dermatitis atopi.Hasil: Proporsi sensitisasi adalah 44,8% (128 dari 286 subyek), sedangkan proporsi manifestasi penyakit alergi adalah 57,7% (165 dari 258 subyek). Manifestasi penyakit alergi didapatkan pada 84 (65,6%) subyek dari subkelompok yang tersensitisasi. Sensitisasi ditemukan lebih banyak pada laki-laki (OR 2,25; IK95% 1,38-3,71; p=0,001) dan subyek yang lahir secara caesar (OR 2,46; IK95% 1,22-5,06; p=0,013), sebaliknya lebih sedikit pada subyek yang berasal dari urban (OR 0,54; IK95% 0,32-0,90; p=0,019). Subyek yang tersensitisasi cenderung untuk memiliki manifestasi penyakit alergi (OR 1,79; IK95% 1,10-2,95; p=0,020). Pada subkelompok yang tersensitisasi, manifestasi penyakit alergi ditemukan lebih banyak pada subyek yang tinggal di urban (OR 2,58; IK95% 1,15-6,01; p=0,024), obese (OR 5,25; IK95% 1,35-34,92; p=0,036), dan mengalami polisensitisasi (OR 2,26; IK95% 1,01-5,10; p=0,046).Simpulan: Sensitisasi terhadap alergen hirup dipengaruhi oleh jenis kelamin lakilaki, status urban, dan riwayat persalinan caesar. Munculnya manifestasi penyakit alergi dipengaruhi oleh adanya sensitisasi. Pada subkelompok yang tersensitisasi, munculnya manifestasi penyakit alergi dipengaruhi oleh status urban, obesitas, dan polisensitisasi.

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ABSTRACTBackground: Atopy marked by allergen sensitization (IgE production) is a risk factor for allergic diseases. Since genetic composition tends to be stable, the increase of allergic diseases prevalence is suspected due to changing environment factors.Purpose: To identify the factors affecting sensitization to inhalant allergen and allergic diseases manifestation in Indonesian young adults.Methods: Cross-sectional study done on Universitas Indonesia 2019 new students. Students were asked to fill in a demographic questionnaire, an International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire, undergo physical examination and skin prick tests for five inhalant allergens (cockroach, Dermatophagoides farinae, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, cat hair, dog epithelium). Sensitization was marked by at least one positive result on the skin prick test. If there were two or more positive allergen results, subject was deemed as being polysensitized. Evaluated allergic manifestations were asthma, allergic rhinitis, dan atopic dermatitis.Result: Sensitization was found in 44.8% (128 out of 286 subjects), while allergic diseases clinical manifestation was found in 57.7% (165 out of 258 subjects). The manifestation was found in 84 (65.6%) subjects from the sensitized subgroup. Sensitization was found more on male (OR 2.25; 95%CI 1.38-3.71; p=0.001) and subjects born by caesarean section (OR 2.46; 95%CI 1.22-5.06; p=0.013), whereas fewer on subjects from urban (OR 0.54; 95%CI 0.32-0.90; p=0.019). Sensitized subjects tended to demonstrate allergic diseases manifestation (OR 1.79; 95%CI 1.10-2.95; p=0.020). In the sensitized subgroup, allergic diseases manifestation was found more on subjects living in urban (OR 2.58; 95%CI 1.15-6.01; p=0.024), are obese (OR 5.25; 95%CI 1.35-34.92; p=0.036), and are polysensitized (OR 2.26;95%CI 1.01-5.10; p=0.046).Conclusion: Sensitization to inhalant allergens was affected by male sex, urbanstatus, and caesarean section birth. Allergic diseases manifestation was affected by presence of sensitization. In the sensitized subgroup, allergic diseases manifestation was affected by urban status, obesity, and polysensitization."

"Background The prevalence of allergic disease to be increasing across the world. More than 20 of the population worldwide suffer from diseases which mediated by immunoglobulin E, such as asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis, atopic dermatitis or eczema. There is no data about allergen sensitization of allergic disease in Manado.Objective The purpose of this study is to know the allergen sensitization in children with allergic diseases atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, asthma . Children were divided into group less than and more than or equal to 3 years old, which was evidenced by skin prick test or IgE Atopy test in Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Hospital Manado.Methods This study was a descriptive cross sectional study, conducted from June until August 2016.Results A total of 95 children were included in the study, of which 77 children were ge 3 years old and 18 children were 3 years old. Seventy five children underwent skin prick test and 20 children underwent IgEAtopy test. In 3 years old children, there were 14 children diagnosed with atopic dermatitis and 4 children diagnosed with atopic dermatitis and asthma. In ge 3 years old children, the most common diagnosis was allergic rhinitis, as many as 21 children. Allergen sensitization found in 3 years old children with atopic dermatitis and atopic dermatitis asthma was cow rsquo s milk, house dust mites and egg white. Sensitization to house dust mites most commonly found in patients with atopic dermatitis. The most common allergen sensitization in ge 3 years old children was house dust mites, egg white, potatoes, dog fur, cow 39 s milk, wheat flour and soya formula.Conclusion The most common allergen sensitization in 3 years old children with atopic dermatitis is cow 39 s milk, while in children with asthma and atopic dermatitis is house dust mites, whereas in ge 3 years old children with atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, asthma, or combination of the disease is house dust mites."

"Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai identifikasi protein alergen serbuk sari akasia (Acacia auriculiformis dan Acacia mangium) dan kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). Tujuan penelitian adalah mengidentifikasi protein alergen serbuk sari tanaman Acacia auriculiformis, Acacia mangium, dan kelapa sawit. Ekstrak protein sampel serbuk sari menunjukkan hasil negatif pada uji dot blotting karena konsentrasi protein sampel rendah. Protein serbuk sari kelapa sawit dengan berat molekul (BM) 31 kDa diduga sebagai alergen utama karena bereaksi positif terhadap > 80% serum individu alergi maupun individu normal. Individu normal bereaksi positif terhadap protein tersebut diduga karena faktor atopi.

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The research was about identification of allergenic pollen protein from acacia (Acacia auriculiformis and Acacia mangium) and oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). The aim of the research was to identify allergenic pollen protein from Acacia auriculiformis, Acacia mangium, and oil palm. Protein extract of pollen sample which was extracted by phenol extract method showed negative result in dot blotting assay because protein concentration of sample was low. Oil palm pollen protein with 31 kDa molecular weight was suspected as major allergen because it showed positive reaction to >80% of serum either allergy or normal individual. Normal individual which showed positive reaction to the protein was suspected cause of atopy."