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"Economic development as a field of study started right after the end of World War II, which coincided with the independence declaration of a number of colonial areas m Asia and Africa. Curiously enough, the founding fathers of this new field of study were Western economists, foremost Americans, driven by the need for experts in rich countries to allocate development aid to developing countries- Economists have for iong realized that economic theories developed in the advanced industrialized countries were not suited to he applied to developing countries due to different conditions prevailing in these countries. During the early days, grand theories of economic development were being launched to understand the process of development and to pursue appropriate development strategiesBut in the course of time these grand development theories have lost much of their vigor as the development process in reality js much more complex as can be caught by simple genera! theories. The paper then explores the further development of development thinking during trie past fifty years. "

"Teori kekuasaan modern adalah turunan dari filsafat modern. Teori ini melihat kekuasaan terbentuk lewat asumsi-asumsi khas dari liberalisme dan dependensia. Pendekatan seperti ini gagal melihat aspek teknik kekuasaan, relasi, diskursus, ketidaksadaran, dan praktek-praktek lain yang kerap disingkirkan dalam sejarah. Kekuasaan justru terbangun dari sana. Alih-alih melihat kekuasaan yang terbentuk secara prosedural maupun lewat cengkraman hegemoni, skripsi ini berargumen bahwa kekuasaan adalah proses rumit yang terjalin berkelit, memiliki jejaring, saling tumpang-tindih, tetapi terorganisir sedemikian rupa sehingga tidak menganggap penting peran agensi dalam perubahan sosial. Dengan mencermati sejumlah pengalaman kekuasaan Indonesia abad ke-20, skripsi ini berfokus pada kondisi-kondisi apa, kapan, dan bagaimana sebuah kekuasaan beroleh artikulasi, mengapa suatu bentuk kekuasaan terjadi pada waktu tertentu dan tidak di waktu lain, dan faktor-faktor apa saja yang mengundang perlawanan sekaligus menguatkan rezim kekuasaan.

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AbstractModern Theory of power is derived from modern philosophy. The theory emphasizes power that is formed through both the typical assumptions of liberalism and dependency theory. Such an approach fails to see the importance of technique of power, relation, discourse, unconsciousness, and other practices that are often excluded in history. Power precisely formed from there. Instead of seeing power formed both procedurally and through hegemony, the thesis argued that power is a complicated process tied continuously, by overlapping network, moreover, organized in such a way that does not assume the importance of agency in social change. By examining a number of Indonesian experience in the 20th century, the thesis focuses on the question of when, how, and what kind of conditions if power articulates, why some kind of power occurs at a certain time and not at other, and what are the factors that invite resistance as well as strengthen the regime of power. "