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"The science that deals with the transformation of electrical energy into acoustic energy or vice versa, electroacoustics, generates an increased intensity and loudness of sound by mechanical and/or electrical means. It should be designed simultaneously with the consideration of room acoustics. A vertical building is usually designed separately from the architectural aspect and other technical considerations. An interior mezzanine has unique sound propagating characteristics because its balconies could be an element of the room acoustic reflectors and absorbers, shelters from noise and barriers to sound propagation. For optimum music and speech activities, a hybrid active design strategy using electroacoustics combined with a passive method is used. This research optimizes the room acoustic criteria of different building models as building systems integrated with loudspeakers. Ecotect Analysis and additional audio programming determine the overall process by simulating all potential variables. The results show that 5 m is the recommended minimum distance of column-loudspeaker placement for mezzanine floors. With the same loudspeaker power and frequency specifications, the vertical structure, as the armature of electroacoustic orientation, and the interior materials are the most critical variables in determining reverberation time optimization."

"Candi merupakan bangunan suci yang digunakan sebagai tempat ibadah. Di halaman pertama Percandian Prambanan terdapat delapan candi kecil yang terletak pada delapan arah mata angin. Penelitian ini membahas mengenai bentuk dan fungsi Candi ldquo;Mata Angin rdquo; tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa candi-candi ldquo;Mata Angin rdquo; mempunyai bentuk, ukuran, dan arah hadap yang sama, serta ragam hias yang sederhana. Fungsi Candi ldquo;Mata Angin rdquo; yaitu sebagai Candi Patok atau penanda titik-titik penting yang terdapat pada halaman percandian. Empat Candi ldquo;Mata Angin rdquo; yang letaknya berdekatan dengan gapura juga berfungsi sebagai kelir, penghalang magis agar kekuatan jahat tidak memasuki halaman candi.

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Temple is a sacred building used as a place of worship. On the first courtyard of Prambanan Temple, there are eight small temples located on its eight cardinal points. This research discuss about the shape and function of those lsquo cardinal rsquo temples. The result shows that all the lsquo cardinal rsquo temples has the same size, same shape with simple decoration, and facing the same direction. These temples serve as a patok or a marker of important points on the temple courtyard. Four temples that located near the gates also have a function as kelir, a magical barrier to prevent evil force from entering the temple grounds."

"Re-readings is an authoritative testament to the complex process of remodelling existing buildings. Although buildings have always been reused, the process of doing so has rarely been treated as an artform."