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"[Tesis ini menganalisis pemaknaan dan reaksi manusia gerobak terhadap ruang urban Jakarta. Pemaknaan terhadap ruang urban Jakarta oleh manusia gerobak dan reaksi mereka terhadap regulasi di ruang urban Jakarta menjadi pertanyaan dalam tesis ini. Data diperoleh melalui pendekatan etnografi dengan wawancara mendalam kepadamanusia gerobak di Jakarta Selatan, dan observasi kegiatan manusia gerobak. Tesis ini menggunakan konsep urban dan hegemoni untuk menjawab rumusan masalah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan manusia gerobak memaknai ruang urban Jakarta dengan eksistensi melalui mobilitas mereka untuk dapat bertahan di ruang urban Jakarta.Manusia gerobak menunjukkan reaksi berupa resistensi terhadap regulasi di ruang urban Jakarta. Mereka menunjukkan resistensi dengan tidak memiliki Kartu Tanda Penduduk, menolak bekerja dalam sektor formal dengan memilih menjadi manusia gerobak, dan tidak ingin menempati rumah tinggal seperti yang diberikan oleh pemerintah. Resistensi ini menjadi bentuk gerakan untuk menuntut hak mereka atas kota dalam konteks Jakarta sebagai ruang urban;This thesis analyses how manusia gerobak makes meaning out of the urban space ofJakarta. It evaluates manusia gerobak’s meaning making process and how they react to the urban regulation in Jakarta. The main research method is utilizing ethnographic tools which consist of in-depth interviews and observations of manusia gerobak in South Jakarta. In analyzing the data, the concepts of urban and hegemony are used toanswer the research questions. Research findings reveal that the meaning making process is done within the manusia gerobak’s mobility as a way to reflect in their existence in Jakarta. At the same time, manusia gerobak show their resistance to regulation by rejecting to have Jakarta’s identity card, refusing to work in formal sector by choosing to be a manusia gerobak as their job, and not wanting to stay in formal settlements, such as houses provided by the government. All of these represent their resistance in claiming their rights to the city in the context of Jakarta as an urban space, This thesis analyses how manusia gerobak makes meaning out of the urban space ofJakarta. It evaluates manusia gerobak’s meaning making process and how they react tothe urban regulation in Jakarta. The main research method is utilizing ethnographictools which consist of in-depth interviews and observations of manusia gerobak inSouth Jakarta. In analyzing the data, the concepts of urban and hegemony are used toanswer the research questions. Research findings reveal that the meaning makingprocess is done within the manusia gerobak’s mobility as a way to reflect in theirexistence in Jakarta. At the same time, manusia gerobak show their resistance toregulation by rejecting to have Jakarta’s identity card, refusing to work in formal sectorby choosing to be a manusia gerobak as their job, and not wanting to stay in formalsettlements, such as houses provided by the government. All of these represent theirresistance in claiming their rights to the city in the context of Jakarta as an urban space]"

"Rasa takut merupakan emosi yang dibawa manusia sejak lahir dan tak pernah hilang dari benaknya, seumur hidup. Manusia melakukan beragam respon terhadap rasa takut untuk memperoleh kebutuhan dasarnya akan rasa aman. Respon tersebut salah satunya terlihat dari makna hunian sebagai ruang defensif, disamping fungsinya sebagai tempat tinggal, hidup, dan beraktivitas. Karena itu, sebuah lingkungan maupun unit hunian yang ada di dalamnya akan menampilkan ekspresi rasa takut para penghuni, baik terhadap fenomena alam maupun sosial, melalui wujud fisik tertentu. Ancaman biasanya datang dari luar, sehingga ekspresi rasa takut pada hunian akan diperlihatkan oleh elemen-elemen batas yang mempertegas teritori, antara bagian dalam dan luar. Teritori memiliki kecenderungan memperbesar diri sebagai bentuk adaptasi, dengan mengambilalih teritori lain. Batas teritori umumnya menampilkan wujud fisik yang statis, permanen, tegas, dan kokoh, sebagai upaya pencegahan, sehingga bertolak belakang dengan respon paling dasar manusia saat terancam yaitu meloloskan diri, yang lebih dinamis dan kondisional.

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Fear is an innate emotion that will never been disappeared from human mind, in a whole life. People do various responses to fear, to get their basic needs of safety. One of those responses appears in a sense of dwelling as a defensible space, beside its main function as a place to stay, live, and do activities. Therefore, a dwelling environment and units inside, show the fear expression of the inhabitants because of both social and natural phenomenon of threats, in a form of physical appearance. Threat usually come from outside, and fear expression in a dwelling is shown by the boundary which make territory more obvious, between inside and outside. Territory is leaning to extend itself as an adaptation, by occupying other territory. Territory boundary generally shows a static, permanent, and persistent physical appearance, as an anticipation, contradict with human basic response of threat, that is to escape or to get away, which is more dynamic and conditional."

"ABSTRAK

Perpindahan dari satu titik ke titik lain biasa kita kenal dengan istilah mobilitas. Kegiatan berjalan kaki sebagai sarana mobilitas yang telah kita kenal sejak lama membutuhkan perhatian agar kelangsungannya dapat berjalan dengan baik. Mempercepat mobilitas berarti mempercepat pergerakan dengan cara mengurangi waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk berpindah dari satu titik ke titik lainnya. Dalam konteks berjalan kaki, pengurangan waktu tempuh atau peningkatan mobilitas dapat dicapai dengan adanya permeabilitas suatu lingkungan terhadap aktor-aktor pergerakan yang adalah pejalan kaki itu sendiri. Permeabilitas lingkungan diciptakan dari faktor-faktor seperti konektivitas dan aksesibilitas. Dalam arsitektur, permeabilitas tercipta dari hal-hal fisik yang ada disuatu kawasan dan hal non fisik yaitu kenyamanan dari manusia itu sendiri. Skripsi ini akan mengulas tentang apa-apa saja yang seharusnya ada dalam suatu kawasan kota agar kota itu dapat bersifat permeabel bagi pejalan kaki khususnya di kawasan perkotaan dimana cenderung terjadi banyak aktivitas berjalan kaki. Lokasi penelitian berada di dua kawasan berbeda dengan harapan dapat terlihatnya perbedaan dalam hal permeabilitas pejalan kaki oleh perbedaan kondisi fisik yang terdapat di masing-masing kawasan.

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ABSTRACT

We have known mobility as an activity that requires movement from one point to another. Activity of moving on foot as a primary mobility choice requires no less attention so that it may go well in practice. To increase mobility means to increase speed of human movement by reducing the time needed for movement from one point to another. In context of walking, reduction of such time or an increase of mobility can be reached by an existence of permeability in a neighborhood toward actors of movement whom we have known as the pedestrian. Permeability of a neighborhood is also formed by factors such as connectivity and accessibility. In architectural context, permeability is formed by physical things that are inside the neighborhood and also by non-physical factor which is the feeling of cozyness that a pedestrian can get from within the place itself. This undergraduate thesis is going to discuss about what should probably exist inside a neighborhood of a city so that the place can be permeable for pedestrian movement especially in a neighborhood where activity of movement/mobility is more likely to happen. Location of study is two different neighborhoods in hope that factors affecting pedestrian permeability will be more obvious by difference of physical condition within each respective neighborhood.

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