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Latar belakang:ECC merupakan masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut dengan prevalensi dan keparahan yang tinggi, termasuk di Indonesia. Kondisi ini dapat berdampak ke kualitas hidup anak. Adanya berbagai faktor yang mempengaruhi ECC antara lain praktik kebersihan gigi dan mulut serta konsumsi makanan kariogenik. Usia 5 tahun merupakan waktu akhir periode gigi sulung sebelum akhirnya digantikan oleh gigi permanen. Tujuan:Mengetahui hubungan praktik kesehatan gigi dan mulut serta status karies gigi sulung terhadap kualitas hidup anak usia 5 tahun. Metode:Studi Cross-sectionalpada 266 anak berusia 5 tahun pada bulan Agustus-Oktober 2019 yang terpilih dengan metode multistage cluster random sampling dari TK di Jakarta Timuryang memenuhi kriteria inklusi anak berusia 60-71 bulan, kooperatif, dan orangtua bersedia mengisi informed consent. Seluruh orangtua subjek diminta untuk melengkapi kuesioner yang bersisi pertanyaan terkait karakteristik sosiodemografik, praktik kesehatan gigi dan mulut, serta kualitas hidup anak persepsi orang tua (SOHO-5p). Pada anak, dilakukan pemeriksaan status karies gigi sulung berupa indeks dmft dan pufa serta diwawancara terkait kualitas hidup anak persepsi sendiri (SOHO-5c). Digunakan uji beda Contuinity Correction, Pearson Chi Square, Mann Whitney, dan Kruskall Wallis serta Uji korelasi spearman untuk analisis statistik. Hasil: prevalensi ECC pada 266 anak adalah 88,7% dan pufa >0 sebanyak 35%. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara praktik kebersihan gigi dan mulut terhadap indeks dmft (r=0,19;p=0,01) dan skor SOHO-5p (r=0,27;p<0,001) serta praktik konsumsi makanan kariogenik terhadap indeks dmft (r=0,14;p<0,01), dan SOHO-5p (r=0,27;p=0,013). Status karies gigi sulung memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan SOHO-5 (p<0,001). Seluruh variabel SOHO-5p memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan indeks dmft dan indeks pufa (p<0,05) kecuali menghindari tersenyum karena penampilan terhadap indeks pufa. Tetapi, hanya skor total SOHO-5c, variabel kesulitan makan, dan kesulitan tidur yang memiliki hubungan yang bermakna terhadap indeks dmft dan indeks pufa (p<0,001). Secara umum, tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara SOHO-5p dan SOHO-5c kecuali pada variabel kesulitan tidur (p=0,001), menghindari tersenyum karena rasa sakit (p=0,002), dan menghindari tersenyum karena penampilan (p=0,042) Kesimpulan:Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara status karies gigi sulung dan SOHO-5 tetapi hanya SOHO-5p yang memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan praktik kesehatan gigi dan mulut.. Tidak terdapat perbedaan persepsi yang bermakna antara SOHO-5p dan SOHO-5c sehingga orangtua dapat dijadikan penilai proksi dari kualitas hidup anak, tetapi kedua persepsi tetap diperlukan untuk menghindari informasi yang hilang. 

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Background:ECC is a dental health problem with high prevalence and severity, including in Indonesia. This condition will affect child’s Oral-Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL). Factors that cause ECC are multifactorial, one of which is oral hygiene practice and comsumption of cariogenic meals. 5 years old is the late period of primary dentition before it’ll changed to permanent dentition Objective: To analyze relationship between oral health practice and early childhood caries with 5 years old children’s quality of life in Jakarta Timur. Method: Cross-sectional study in 266 5 years old children during August-October 2019 that chosen with multistage cluster random sampling from preschools in Jakarta Timur that fulfilled inclusion criteria child aged 60-71 month, cooperate, and parents had signed informed consent. All parents completed questionnaire about sociodemographic characteristic, oral health practice, and parent perception of child quality of life (SOHO-5p). Children were examined with dmft and pufa index and also interviewed about their perception of self quality of life (SOHO-5c). Result: Prevalence of ECC for 266 children is 88,7% with 35% have pufa index >0. There’s a significant relationship between oral hygiene practice with dmft index (r=0,19;p=0,001) and SOHO-5p(r=0,27;p<0,001) so does cariogenic meals consumption with dmft index (r=0,14;p<0,001) and SOHO-5p (r=0,27;p=0,013). ECC has significant relationship with SOHO-5 (p<0,05). All variables in SOHO-5p has significant relationship with dmft dan pufa index(p<0,05) except avoid smiling because of appearance towards pufa index. But, only total score of SOHO-5c,‘difficult eat’ and ‘difficult sleep’ variables have significant relationship with dmft and pufa index (p<0,001). In general, there’s no statistically difference between mother-child perception in SOHO-5p and SOHO-5c except in ‘difficult sleep’ (p=0,001), ‘avoid smiling because of pain’ (p=0,002) and ‘avoid smiling because of appearance’(p=0,042). Conclusion:There’s significant relationship between ECC and SOHO-5 but only the parental version has significant relationship with oral health practice. There’s no significant difference between SOHO-5p and SOHO-5c thus parents could be the proxy rater for their child but both perception still needed to avoid missing information.

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"Anak usia sekolah merupakan masa keemasan untuk menanamkan nilai-nilai perilaku hidup dan sehat (PHBS) sehingga berpotensi sebagai agent of change untuk mempromosikan PHBS, baik di lingkungan sekolah, keluarga dan masyarakat, karena itu Pemerintah telah mengupayakan pelayanan kesehatan anak usia sekolah (AUS) dalam program usaha kesehatan sekolah (UKS) yang terus dikembangkan dan dilaksanakan secara terpadu serta menghadirkan perawat kesehatan sekolah sebagai penanggung jawab usaha kesehatan sekolah dalam melakukan pendidikan kesehatan, pelayanan kesehatan dan pembinaan lingkungan sekolah sehat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan peran perawat kesehatan sekolah dalam program usaha kesehatan sekolah terhadap perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat. Desain penelitian menggunakan rancangan cross sectional dan pengambilan sampel dengan metode non probability sampling dengan cara purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 139 AUS. Analisis menggunakan uji chi square yang menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara peran perawat kesehatan sekolah dengan pengetahuan AUS terkait PHBS dengan nilai P<0.05, tidak terdapat hubungan antara peran perawat kesehatan sekolah dengan sikap AUS terkait PHBS dengan nilai P>0.05 dan terdapat hubungan antara peran perawat kesehatan sekolah dengan keterampilan terkait PHBS dengan nilai P<0,05. Kehadiran perawat kesehatan sekolah dalam layanan kesehatan sekolah berdampak baik terhadap pembentukan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat anak usia sekolah karena itu program ini dapat dijadikan sebagai inovasi dalam upaya pelayanan kesehatan anak sekolah.

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School-age children are a golden age to instill the values of clean and healthy living behavior (CHLB) so that they have the potential as agents of change to promote CHLB in schools, families and communities, therefore the government has made efforts to provide health program for school age children in the school health program, which continues to be developed and implemented in an integrated manner and presents school health nurses who are responsible in school health program to providing health education, health services and healthy school environment. This study aims to identify the relationship between the role of school health nurses in the school health program on clean and healthy living behavior. The research design used a cross sectional design and the sampling method was non-probability sampling by means of purposive sampling with 139 school age children as a sample. The analysis used the chi square test which showed that there was a relationship between the role of school health nurses and the knowledge of school-age children regarding CHLB with value of P <0.05, there was no relationship between the role of school health nurses and the attitudes of school-aged children related to CHLB with value of P > 0.05 and there was a relationship between the role of school health nurses and skills related to CHLB with value of P<0.05. The presence of school health nurses in school health services has a good impact on the formation of clean and healthy behavior for school-age children, therefore this program can be used as an innovation in efforts to provide health services for school children."

"Puskesmas dituntut untuk memberikan pelayanan kesehatan kepada masyarakat dan perorangan yang paripurna, adil, merata, dan berkualitas. Agar Puskesmas berkinerja optimal dan memuaskan masyarakat, diperlukan Manajemen Puskesmas untuk menjaga mutu melalui pengaturan sumber daya secara efektif, efisien, termasuk menjaga kualitas proses pengelolaannya. Belum semua puskesmas di Indonesia menerapkan manajemen puskesmas sesuai ketentuan Permenkes Nomor 44 tahun 2016. Di Kota Depok, baru 1 puskesmas yang memberikan pelayanan bermutu sesuai standar (terakreditasi paripurna) dan masih terdapat 12 Puskesmas dengan tata kelola cukup dan kurang. Tata Kelola puskesmas dan akreditasi sangat terkait dengan penerapan manajemen puskesmas. Disisi lain, cakupan pelatihan Manajemen Puskesmas sudah 100%. Penilaian akreditasi dan PKP di Puskesmas, tidak otomatis merefleksikan output dari puskesmas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana penerapan manajemen puskesmas pasca pelatihan Manajemen Puskesmas di Puskesmas X dan Y Kota Depok Tahun 2022, ditinjau dari sisi Input, Proses dan Output serta penerapan RTL pasca pelatihan di instansi masing-masing.

Metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan Rapid Assessment Procedure telah digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Peneliti menggunakan wawancara mendalam dan telaah dokumen untuk menjawab empat tujuan penelitian. Wawancara telah dilakukan informan kunci di Puskesmas terakreditasi madya, informan utama dan pendukung. Telaah dokumen dilakukan terhadap data sekunder Puskesmas serta Dinas Kesehatan. Hasil penelitian pada komponen input didapatkan bahwa faktor SDM, sumber pembiayaan, data dan SK tim belum terpenuhi secara optimal pada Puskesmas berkinerja cukup. Pada komponen proses, tahap P1 masih ada yang belum dilaksanakan sesuai pedoman, tahap P2 dilaksanakan belum sesuai agenda dan P3 pengawasan internal belum berjalan optimal serta belum memanfaatkan teknologi serta inovasi. Pada komponen Output, sebagian kecil Dokumen P1 dan P2 belum sesuai pedoman serta Rencana Tindak Lanjut Pelatihan belum seluruhnya diimplementasikan di Puskesmas karena beberapa kendala. Penerapan Manajemen Puskesmas Pasca Pelatihan Manajemen Puskesmas sangat dipengaruhi oleh komponen Input (SDM, sumber pembiayaan, tim efektif) serta Proses (P1, P2, Pengawasan dan Pengendalian). Pada akhirnya penelitian ini memberikan rekomendasi untuk melaksanakan upaya optimalisasi penerapan manajemen puskesmas di Puskesmas, mendorong terciptanya inovasi puskesmas, serta memformulasi ulang form rencana tindak lanjut pelatihan. 

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Health centers are required to provide health services for the community and individuals that are complete, fair, equitable, and of high quality. In order for Puskesmas to perform optimally and satisfy the community, Puskesmas Management needed to maintain quality through effective and efficient resource management, including maintaining the quality of the management process. Not all health centers in Indonesia have implemented health center management according to the provisions of Permenkes Nomor 44 of 2016. In Depok City, only 1 health center provides quality services according to standards (fully accredited) and there are still 12 health centers with sufficient and insufficient governance. PHC governance and accreditation are closely related to the implementation of PHC management. On the other hand, the coverage of Puskesmas Management training is 100%. Assessment of accreditation and PKP at Puskesmas, does not automatically reflect the output of the puskesmas. This study aims to determine how the implementation of puskesmas management after Puskesmas Management training at Puskesmas X and Y, Depok City in 2022, in terms of Input, Process and Output as well as the implementation of RTL after training in their respective agencies.

The qualitative method with the Rapid Assessment Procedure approach has been used in this study. Researchers used in-depth interviews and document reviews to answer the four research objectives. Interviews have been conducted with key informants at intermediate accredited health centers, leading and supporting informants. Document review was conducted on secondary data from the Puskesmas and the Health Office. The results of the research on the input component found that the factors of human resources, financial resources, data and team decree have not been fulfilled optimally in moderately performing health centers. In the process component, there are still P1 stages that have not been implemented according to guidelines, P2 stages have not been implemented according to the agenda and P3 internal supervision has not run optimally and has not utilized technology and innovation. In the Output component, a small part of the P1 and P2 documents have not been in accordance with the guidelines and the Training Follow-Up Plan has not been fully implemented at the Puskesmas due to several obstacles. Implementing Puskesmas Management after Puskesmas Management Training is strongly influenced by the Input component (HR, financial resources, effective team) and Process (P1, P2, Supervision and Control). Implementing Puskesmas Management after Puskesmas Management Training is strongly influenced by the Input component (HR, financial resources, effective team) and Process (P1, P2, Supervision, and Control).In the end, this study provides recommendations for carrying out efforts to optimize the implementation of puskesmas management at Puskesmas, encourage the creation of puskesmas innovations, and reformulate the training follow-up plan form."