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"Transnational organized crime has become a burning issue for the international community the past decade. Money laundering, human trafficking. drug trafficking, terrorism and firearms smuggling ore examples of illicit dealing committed by organized criminal groups for their material or other gain at the expense of the rest of the society. The evasiveness and complicity of illegal organizations committing such crimes have compelled the United Nations to adopt a number of conventions including their protocols t`n order to combat their widening activities. Indonesia is taking similar steps. especially through legislative measures. despite the desperate conditions faced by the nations in term of law enforcement in general. Nonetheless. as victim of a number of crimes, which, among others, are alleged. to have been committed by transnational organized criminal indonesia is in dire need to take more serious measures in addition to legislative ones, including international and regional cooperations. Even though such decisions are in the hands of the ruling elite, the role of public, particularly the civil society should not be neglected."

"Paradox of criminal law enforcement in Indonesia on the Criminology perspective in Indonesia actually happened because it is contrast and opposed one another among the legal upholders in upholding and not understanding enough the legislation and legal theories comprehensively, because the legislation and legal theories essentially as a analysis knife in upholding the criminal law in Indonesia. Paradox of criminal law enforcement in Indonesia generally because of being less the legal apparatus? knowledge themselves in understanding the legislation and legal theories so in enforcing the criminal law often produced some mistakes, whereas the legal theories are the legalresource to solve the events that are being happened in legal process and in the society noussays. Causes factors that happened and invited the paradox of criminal law enforcement on the criminology perspective in Indonesia are the legal factor itself, the law enforcement factor, means factor, community factor and cultural factor. The effort of paradox criminal law enforcement on the criminology perspective could be done by having improvement of system, the moralistic improvement and the ethics of legalupholders, improvement of legal education and the realization of religion."

"Fenomena Transnational Organized Crime (TOC) semakin berkembang pesat dan telah diidentifikasi sebagai ancaman keamanan baru. Konsep lama tentang keamanan yang statis telah dilengkapi dengan konsep human security yang menaruh perhatian pada keamanan sampai pada tingkat individu. Ancaman TOC sesungguhnya merupakan lokus yang menghubungkan konsepsi lama keamanan yang berorientasi pada state survival dan pemahaman baru human security yang menaruh perhatian sampai pada kesejahteraan individu. Dalam konteks Indonesia, TOC merupakan ancaman keamanan yang nyata. Alasannya adalah bahwa dalam situasi transisi politik, state authority berada dalam titik lemah yang mengakibatkan tidak maksimalnya penegakan hukum. Di samping itu, garis perbatasan Indonesia yang panjang dan terbuka, menyebabkan kelompok-kelompok TOC menjadikan Indonesia sebagai lahan operasinya, sebagaimana dua bentuk TOC yang paling banyak ditemukan di Indonesia yakni human trafficking dan drug-trafficking yang akan diuraikan dalam tulisan ini. "