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"Background: Dyspepsia is an important health problem from economic and quality of life point of view. However; to date, there has not been specific instrument of quality of life to evaluate patients with dyspepsia specially design in Indonesian language. The Nepean Dyspepsia Index (NDI) is a reliable and valid instrument regarding quality of life in patients with dyspepsia and had been validated in Australia, Germany, ltaly and Netherlands.Objective: To report translation of NDI in Indonesian language and validation in Indonesian patients with dyspepsia and also evaluate the possibility of its use in subjects who speak Indonesian language.Methods: NDI was translated into Indonesian language. The amount of 49 subjects with a clinical diagnosis of dyspepsia according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited. Collection of data included demographic data, physical and laboratory examination. All subjects were asked to complete translation of NDI. Reliability analysis was evaluated by a-Cronbach's and test-retest. Since dyspepsia has no gold standard, validity was evaluated rising factor analysis.Result: Reliability of the questionnaire was good, a-Cronbach's and interclass correlation coefficient were found to be > 0.70 respectively and Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value was found to be > 0.64, suggesting that all items were appropriate to measure.Conclusion: translated NDI in Indonesian language can be used in dyspepsia, patients who understand Indonesian language."

"ABSTRAKHelicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection causes various abnormalities in the stomach. Only particular strain can cause severe problems in the stomach. CagA is a microbial virulent factor which is associated with more severe stomach problems, such as: peptic ulcer and stomach cancer. We would like to know the prevalence of CagA in Balinese population, and the association of H. Pylori CagA status with the severity of endoscopic appearance in dyspepsia patients.Method: Study design being used was analytic cross sectional study, involving 71 dyspepsia patients who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopic examination in Surya Husada Hospital and Balimed Hospital in June-December 2013. Sample was chosen in consecutive manner. Later, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) examinations of the stomach mucous biopsy tissue to determine H. pylori infection status and CagA status were performed. Further, Chi square test was used to identify the difference in proportion of H. pylori and CagA between mild and severe endoscopic appearance.Results: In this study, we found that the prevalence of H. pylori infection was 22.5% using PCR examination. Prevalence of CagA positive in H. pylori positive was 62.5%. There was significant association between status of H. Pylori infection and severity of endoscopic appearance (p = 0.038; OR= 2.67; 95% CI = 1.18-6.05). Status of CagA in H. pylori infected patients was not associated with the severity of endoscopic appearance. Additionally, there was significant association between patients’ age and severity of endoscopic appearance.Conclusion: The prevalence of CagA in H. pylori positive was 62.5%. H. pylori infection was associated with severity of endoscopic appearance and CagA status in H. pylori infected patients was not associated with severity of endoscopic appearance."

"Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) are now commonly used in clinical practice. On the other hands, this drug could result severe complication such as bleeding and perforation. In such condition, proton pump inhibitor can be used to stop bleeding than H, antagonists. We reported one cases of upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to NSAID gastropathy that was unresponsive to Ranitidine. The treatment was suitable to proton pump inhibitor that could overcome upper gastrointestinal bleeding."