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"Meiobenthos inhabiting the seagrass bed of sungai Pulai estuary,Johor,was studied for the differnces in community structure .Sampling was carried out using a hand corer during the lowest tide in December 2006...."

"The tourism industry on Langkawi and Redang islands has played an important role in improving the wellbeingof the islands’ community. This study aims to investigate the contribution of the tourism sector towardsthe well-being of the islanders through multiple indicators of well-being; employment, expenditure andownership. Qualitative methods were employed to look at the changes of the islanders well-being over 10 years,after the year 2001. Both islands had been declared tourism destinations in the 1980’s. Several techniques wereused to get data; Focus Group Discussion (FGD); Interviews; and observation. The results showed there was aclear improvement in the well-being of people on both islands, especially in terms of employment, income andexpenses. All respondents acknowledged that their well-being has changed after getting a lot of jobopportunities on the islands. Of the 30 respondents in Langkawi, most of them admitted that they have betterincome. From the aspect of spending, all respondents spent enough for their families and themselves.Ownership of the respondents on Langkawi island has also changed due to the increased income and expenses.Analysis from the FGD session on Redang island showed that most of the informants admitted an increase injobs in the tourism sector enhanced the level of community’s well-being. As on Langkawi Island, employment,expenditure and ownership for the islanders on Redang Island also increased. The increasing jobs in the tourismindustry on Langkawi and Redang Island enhance the level of spending and ownership, thus enhance the wellbeingof the community on both tourism islands."

"Gurdwara adalah sebuah bangunan keagamaan yang digunakan oleh komunitas Sikh. Sebagai komunitas agama dan diaspora, pembangunan dalam Gurdwara haruslah memiliki nilai simbolis yang berfungsi sebagai identitas mereka. Identitas Gurdwara dapat ditentukan dari penggunaan berbagai ornamen, simbol, dan ruang sakralnya. Pemaknaan simbol dalam penelitian ini digunakan untuk menganalisis makna signifikan dari Simbol. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan identitas dan rasa memiliki komunitas Sikh, serta bagaimana mereka melestarikan ruang sakral untuk ritual ibadahh dan kenangan terhadap negara asal, serta sejarah kehidupan mereka. Perjalanan dalam berjuang bersama untuk menjaga sebuah fenomena arsitektur yang terbangun oleh rasa kepercayaan akan ajaran agama yang dijunjung serta perpaduan unsur kebudayaan negara lain. Penelitian ini merupakan suatu penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan ikonologi yang menggunakan metode deskriptif naratif untuk menggambarkan studi kasus yang diangkat. Pada penelitian ini sendiri pengumpulan data akan dilakukan melalui kegiatan pengumpulan arsip dan literatur yang akan disesuaikan dengan hasil wawancara di lapangan oleh koresponden yang relevan. Penelitian ini bertujuan merinci identifikasi tipe ruang yang ada di dalam Gurdwara berdasarkan dengan kebutuhan dan kebiasaan adat istiadat dari daerah asal kepercayaan mereka, identifikasi proses pembangunan Gurdwara berdasarkan timeline sejarah dan pembangunan di Tanjung Priok dan pengaruh serta hubungan antara budaya dari lokasi asal dan lingkungan sekitarnya.

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Gurdwara is a religious building used by the Sikh community. As a religious community and diaspora, development within the Gurdwara must have a symbolic value that serves as their identity. Gurdwara's identity can be determined from the use of various ornaments, symbols, and sacred spaces. The meaning of the symbol in this study is used to analyze the significant meaning of the symbol. This study aims to explain the identity and sense of belonging of the Sikh community, how they preserve sacred space for worship rituals and memories of their country of origin, and their life history. A journey of struggling together to maintain an architectural phenomenon that is awakened by a sense of belief in upheld religious teachings and a blend of cultural elements from other countries. This qualitative research uses an iconological approach that uses a narrative descriptive method to describe the case studies raised. In this research, data collection will be carried out through archive and literature collection activities which will be adjusted to the results of interviews in the field by relevant correspondents. This study aims to detail the identification of the types of space that exist in the Gurdwara based on the needs and customs of the area of origin of their beliefs, identification of the Gurdwara development process based on the historical and development timeline in Tanjung Priok, and the influences and relationships between the culture of the location of origin and the surrounding environment."

"Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui dan menjelaskan kondisi community crime prevention di Nunukan dan Sebatik yang merupakan wilayah perbatasan Indonesia-Malaysia. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menjelaskan partisipasi masyarakat dan instansi terkait dengan aparat penegak hukum melalui kemitraan (partnership) dalam upaya pencegahan kejahatan (crime prevention) di wilayah perbatasan (border area). Kondisi wilayah perbatasan yang membedakan dengan wilayah lainnya di suatu negara maka hal ini berpengaruh terhadap aspek kehidupan sosial masyarakatnya termasuk aspek pencegahan kejahatan (crime prevention). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, adapun jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan persepsi tentang kejahatan antara masyarakat dengan aparat penegak hukum yang mengacu pada aturan formal normatif sehingga pencegahan kejahatan berbasis masyarakat (community crime prevention) bisa diselenggarakan apabila kejahatan yang ada menjadi masalah bagi masyarakat tersebut. Kejahatan yang terjadi di wilayah perbatasan yang merupakan aktifitas rutin masyarakat adalah pelintas batas ilegal (illegal border crossers/illegal migrant), penyelundupan barang kebutuhan/konsumsi masyarakat (smuggling) dan menjual hasil bumi ke negara tetangga (illegal trading). Kemapuan kolektif yang dimiliki masyarakat untuk pencegahan kejahatan tidak spontan muncul tetapi harus dipicu (trigger) oleh pihak aparat penegak hukum yakni polisi melalui strategi dan program yang dimiliki yaitu pemolisian masyarakat (community policing). Percepatan pengembangan dan pembangunan wilayah perbatasan harus diprioritaskan agar permasalahan serta kesenjangan yang terjadi dapat dikurangi sehingga terciptanya kamtibmas dan demi menjaga keutuhan negara dari ancaman disintegrasi.

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The purpose of this study identify and explain the conditions of community crime prevention in Nunukan and Sebatik which is the Indonesia-Malaysia border. In addition, this study also describes the participation of the community and relevant agencies with law enforcement agencies in partnership in the prevention of crime in border areas. Conditions that distinguish the border region with other regions in a country then it is impacting on the social aspects of community life, including aspects of crime prevention. This study used a qualitative approach, as for the type of research used is descriptive. The results showed differences between public perceptions of crime by law enforcement officials refer to the formal rules of normative community crime prevention that can be held where the crime that is a problem for society. Crimes that occurred in the border region which is the routine activities of the community is an illegal border crossers, smuggling of goods or consumption and sell the produce to neighboring countries (illegal trade). Traffic collective society for the prevention of crime have not arise spontaneously but must be triggered by the law enforcement officers and the police through a strategic program that is owned by community policing. Acceleration of development and the development of border regions should be prioritized so that the problems and gaps can be reduced so that the creation of public order and safety and for the sake of preserving the integrity of the country from the threat of disintegration."