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"Penelitian menggunakan metode tahanan jenis dan polarisasi terimbas di Pulau Maniang, Kabupaten Kolaka, Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara untuk mengidentifikasi lingkungan laterisasi nikel laterit dengan konfigurasi elektroda Wenner-Schlumberger. Terdapat lima lintasan pengukuran dengan arah lintasan Barat Laut - Tenggara dan panjang lintasan 235 meter. Lingkungan laterisasi nikel laterit di Pulau Maniang terbagi menjadi 3, yaitu batuan penutup, lapisan limonit, dan lapisan saprolit dengan nilai tahanan jenis berturut-turut sebesar > 150 Ohm.m, < 200 Ohm.m, dan > 200 Ohm.m. Faktor yang mempengaruhi pembentukan endapan nikel laterit di Pulau Maniang adalah topografi dan vegetasi. Persebaran endapan nikel laterit di Pulau Maniang berarah ke timur.

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Study is carried out using resistivity and induced polarization method in Maniang Island, Kolaka Regency, Southeast Sulawesi to identify the laterization environment for nickel laterite by performing the Wenner-Schlumberger configuration. Five lines, trending Northwest - Southeast, are obtained on the length of 235 meters each. The laterization environment for nickel laterite on Maniang Island is divided into 3 layers: caprock, limonite and saprolite layers with chronological values of  > 150 Ohm.m, < 200 Ohm.m, and > 200 Ohm.m. Topography and vegetation make up the factors influencing the formation of nickel laterite deposits in Maniang Island. The distribution of nickel laterite deposits on Maniang Island is trending eastward."

"Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi prospek endapan VMS di area penelitian ‘X’ Kabupaten Bone, Sulawesi Selatan dengan menggunakan metode resistivitas yang terintegrasi dengan polarisasi terimbas. Terdapat 15 lintasan pengukuran dengan konfigurasi wenner. Panjang lintasan pengukuran 750 meter, spasi elektroda 10 meter, dan jarak antar lintasan 100 meter. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode inversi dua dimensi dengan metode inversi least-squares smoothness-constrained, dan visualisasi tiga dimensi dengan metode interpolasi inverse distance weighting. Area penelitian ini memiliki persebaran nilai resistivitas yang bervariasi mulai dari 6.12 ohm.m sampai 850 ohm.m dan memiliki sebaran nilai chargeability yang bervariasi mulai dari 0 msec sampai 12 msec. Kombinasi nilai resistivitas rendah dan chargeability rendah berkorelasi dengan zona lemah sebagai indikator alterasi hidrotermal dan berfungsi sebagai aliran/sirkulasi fluida hidrotermal dalam membawa mineral sulfida. Sementara integrasi nilai resistivitas menengah dan chargeability tinggi berkorelasi akumulasi mineral sulfida yang diinterpretasikan sebagai area potensi endapan VMS. Secara keseluruhan, area penelitian memiliki potensi endapan VMS dengan pola terpusat pada bagian timur area penelitian. Zona potensi endapan VMS yang direkomendasikan adalah zona yang terletak di lintasan E, F, G, dan M.

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This study was conducted to evaluate the prospect of VMS deposits in the research area 'X' in Bone District, South Sulawesi using the resistivity method integrated with induced polarization. There are 15 measurement lines with a wenner configuration. The length of the measurement line is 750 meters, electrode spacing is 10 meters, and the distance between lines is 100 meters. This study was conducted using a two-dimensional inversion method with a least-squares smoothness-constrained inversion method, and three-dimensional visualization using an inverse distance weighting interpolation method. This research area has a distribution of resistivity values ranging from 6.12 ohm.m to 850 ohm.m and has a chargeability value distribution ranging from 0 msec to 12 msec. A combination of low resistivity and low chargeability values is correlated with weak zones as indicators of hydrothermal alteration and function as a flow/circulation of hydrothermal fluids carrying sulfide minerals. While the combination of moderate resistivity values and high chargeability values is correlated with the accumulation of sulfide minerals, which are interpreted as potential VMS deposit areas. Overall, the research area has potential VMS deposits with a pattern centered on the eastern part of the research area. The recommended potential VMS deposit zone is the zone located on lines E, F, G, and M."

"Indonesia terletak pada pertemuan tiga lempeng yang menyebabkan munculnya jajaran busur magmatik. Pada jajaran busur magmatik terjadi pengendapan mineral emas. Endapan emas yang berada di Indonesia didominasi dengan endapan epithermal sulfidasi rendah. Untuk menemukan cadangan dan potensi endapan mineralisasi emas dibutuhkan analisis untuk mengetahui lokasi dan bentuk geometri dari zona endapan mineralisasi emas. Metode geofisika merupakan metode yang dapat menganalisisi zona endapan mineralisasi emas. Metode geofisika yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode resistivity dan induced polarization dengan konfigurasi dipole-dipole. Metode resistivity digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis batuan yang berada diwilayah penelitian. Sedangkan metode induced polarization digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi lokasi dan volume zona pengendapan mineralisasi emas. Jumlah lintasan yang digunakan sebanyak 3 lintasan dengan masing masing lintasan memiliki panjang 405 m dengan 81 elektoda. Hasil data pengukuran metode resistivity dan induced polarization diinversi menggunakan software res2dinv dan dilakukan least square inversion untuk memperoleh penampang 2D. Hasil pengolahan data menunjukan variasi resistivity berkisar 4,5419-2787,6 Ωm dan induced polarization berkisar 36,720-833,92 msec. Berdasarkan korelasi penampang 2D dan peta geologi ditemukan bahwa sebaran jenis batuan wilayah penelitian adalah breksi tuff dengan kisaran nilai resistivity 70,557-1313,7Ωm dan andesit dengan kisaran nilai 595,8-1313,7 Ωm. Zona mineralisasi emas dengan nilai induced polarization ≥200 msec. Berdasarkan korelasi penampang 2D resistivity dan induced polarization ditemukan bahwa pengendapan mineralisasi emas berada pada breksi tuff dan andesit. Dari penampang 2D dilakukan pemodelan 3D untuk mengetahui estimasi volume zona mineralisasi emas software. Ditemukan hasil volume zona mineralisasi emas sebesar 289.452,6103 .

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Indonesia is situated at the confluence of three tectonic plates, which gives rise to the emergence of a magmatic arc range. In the magmatic arc sequence, gold mineral deposition occurs. Gold deposits in Indonesia are dominated by low sulphidation epithermal deposits. In order to identify reserves and potential gold mineralization deposits, it is necessary to conduct an analysis to determine the location and geometry of the gold mineralization deposit zone. Geophysical methods are a type of analysis that can be used to analyse gold mineralization deposit zones. The geophysical methods employed in this research include resistivity and induced polarization methods with a dipole-dipole configuration. The resistivity method is utilized to identify the type of rock present in the research area, while the induced polarization method is employed to ascertain the location and volume of gold mineralization deposition zones. The number of tracks utilized was three, with each track measuring 405 m and comprising 81 electrodes. The measurement data obtained from the resistivity and induced polarization methods were inverted using the res2dinv software, and least square inversion was performed to obtain two-dimensional cross sections. The results of data processing indicate that the resistivity variation ranges from 4.5419 to 2787.6 Ωm, while the induced polarization ranges from 36.720 to 833.92 msec. Correlation of the 2D cross sections with geological maps revealed that the rock types present in the study area are tuff breccia and andesite, with resistivity values ranging from 70.557 to 1313.7 Ωm. Gold mineralization zones with induced polarization values ≥200 msec. Based on the correlation of 2D resistivity and induced polarization cross sections, it was determined that gold mineralization deposition occurred in tuff breccia and andesite. From the 2D cross section, 3D modelling was conducted to estimate the volume of the gold mineralization zone. The volume of the gold mineralization zone was determined to be 289,452.6103 m3."

"Metode Induced Polarization (IP) dapat digunakan untuk memahami karakteristik batuan bawah-permukaan bumi yang mengandung mineral sulfida berdasarkan sifat kelistrikannya (resistivitas dan percent frequency effect). Intensitas ubahan (alterasi) batuan akibat proses hidrothermal dapat digunakan sebagai petunjuk tempat akumulasi mineralisasi sulfida. Pengukuran geolistrik metode IP pada Frequency Domain telah dilakukan di daerah penelitian “A” Banten pada 6 lintasan dengan jarak antar elektrode 25 meter, untuk menentukan zona alterasi dan mineralisasi sulfida. Pemodelan terintegrasi (integrated modelling) secara 2-dimensi data IP yang ditunjang dengan data magnetik dan data geologi telah berhasil memberikan informasi lebih detail akan pola penyebaran urat (vein) kuarsa yang berhubungan dengan pengendapan emas. Dari hasil studi tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa penyebaran vein kuarsa diduga terdapat pada Lintasan GKD 1 sampai Lintasan GKD 3 dengan kedalaman maksimum sekitar 50 meter. Untuk memastikan hasil studi geofisika perlu dilakukan pemboran eksplorasi untuk mengetahui kadar kandungan emas.

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Induced Polarization method can be used for understanding the characteristic of subsurface rock containing sulphide minerals based on its electrical properties (i.e. resistivity and percent frequency effect). Intensity of rock alteration due to hydrothermal process can be utilized for guiding the accumulation of sulphide mineralization. Geoelectrical measurements using IP method with frequency domain have been carried out in study area “A”, Banten along 6 lines with electrode spacing of 25 meter for delineating alteration zones and sulphide mineralization. Integrated two-dimensional modelling of the IP data incorporated with magnetic and geological data has revealed detailed information of the distribution of quartz vein patterns related to gold deposit. Based on the study, it is concluded that the distribution of quartz vein is delineated in the Line GKD 1 to Line GKD 3 with maximum depth of about 50 meter. To confirm the geophysical study, it is necessary to carry out exploration drilling to identify the gold contain."

"Metode utama IP dan resistivitas yang didukung dengan data magnetik dapat mendelineasi zona mineralisasi emas berdasarkan nilai chargeability dan resistivitasnya. Pengukuran metode IP menggunakan domain waktu dan konfigurasi dipole-dipole sebanyak 4 lintasan dengan spasi elektroda 25 m. Pengukuran dilakukan di daerah ‘X’ yang mempunyai kondisi geologi pembentukan mineralisasi emas sistem epitermal sulfida tinggi yang terbentuk dengan kedalaman dangkal 100-500 m. Pengukuran metode IP menggunakan instrumen Supersting R8/IP. Dan dari pengukuran didapatkan data yang berupa chargeability semu dan resistivitas semu yang selanjutnya diinversi menggunakan software Res2Dinv untuk mendapatkan nilai chargeability dan resistivitas yang sebenarnya. Hasil pengolahan data IP ditampilkan secara 2D dengan software Res2Dinv dan visualisasi 3D menggunakan software Geoslicer-X. Dari integrasi data IP, resistivitas dan magnetik didapatkan korelasi hasil berupa 3 zona menarik yang diinterpretasikan sebagai mineralisasi vuggy quartz dengan nilai chargeability > 400 ms yang disertai dengan nilai resistivitas > 800 Ohm.m dan respon profil magnetik yang berundulasi pada lintasan 200. Dan adanya zona lemah berupa patahan terdeteksi dengan nilai chargeability yang rendah yaitu sekitar < 50 ms, nilai resistivitas < 20 Ohm.m dan profil intensitas magnetik yang drop, yang merupakan jalur bagi larutan hidrotermal naik ke permukaan.

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The main methods of IP and resistivity, supported by magnetic data can delineate zones of gold mineralization based on their chargeability and resistivity values​​. Measurement using time domain IP and dipole-dipole configuration of resistivity along 4 profiles with electrode spacing of 25 m. Measurements were carried out in the area "X" which had gold mineralization geological conditions of formation of high sulphidation epithermal systems formed in shallow depth of 100-500 m. Measurement was done by using instruments Supersting R8/IP IP. The data obtained from measurements in the form of apparent chargeability and apparent resistivity were subsequently inverted using the Res2Dinv software to get the value of the true chargeability and resistivity. IP data processing results displayed in 2D view using Res2Dinv software and 3D visualization using Geoslicer-X software.

From the integration of IP, resistivity and magnetic data correlation, resulted 3 interesting zone interpreted as mineralization of vuggy quartz with chargeability values​​ > 500 ms, resistivity values​​> 600 Ohm.m and undulated magnetic’s response curve along the profile 200. The existence of zone in form of the fault was detected as a low chargeability, at values ​ about < 50 ms, low resistivity at value about < 50 Ohm.m and dropped magnetic intensity profiles, which is interpreted as the pathway for hydrothermal solutions up to the surface."