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"Pada penelitian ini, simulasi integrasi proses dalam produksi produk hilir kelapa sawit dapat dilakukan untuk satu masukan minyak kelapa sawit. Simulasi integrasi proses ini terdiri dari tiga mekanisme besar simulasi proses yaitu mekanisme pembuatan biogasoline, biodiesel, dan biopelumas.Variasi kondisi operasi pada integrasi proses ini dilakukan untuk mencari kondisi operasi optimum integrasi proses ini. Variasi tersebut adalah variasi suhu reaktor biogasoline, biodiesel, dan biopelumas dan rasio laju alir reaktan metanol pada proses biodiesel, rasio laju alir gliserol dan FAME pada proses produksi biopelumas.Menurut hasil simulasi yang diperoleh, kondisi optimum yang dapat dicapai adalah rasio laju alir FAME sebesar 8 : 2, temperatur reaktor biogasoline sebesar 425°C, temperatur reaktor biodiesel sebesar 65°C, temperatur reaktor biopelumas sebesar 60°C.

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In this research, integrated process simulation for palm oil downstream product is reliable in one input. This integrated process simulation consist of three main simulation process mechanism such as biogasoline production mechanism, biodiesel production mechanism, and biolubricant production mechanism.

Operation condition of integrated process simulation will be variated in order to find optimum condition process. These variation such as reactor temperature in biogasoline, biodiesel and biolubricant reactor, flowrate ratio of methanol to oil in biodiesel production process and flowrate ratio of FAME in biolube production process.

This result of this research is the optimum condition could be reach in flowrate ratio of FAME to oil as 8 : 2, 425°C is gasoline reactor temperature, 65°C is biodiesel reactor temperature,and 60°C is biolubricant reactor temperature."

"[ABSTRAKSalah satu tahap yang penting dalam perancangan pabrik adalah perhitungankeekonomian yang biasanya dilakukan dengan menggunakan aplikasi simulasi proses.Beberapa penelitian terdahulu, memanfaatkan SuperPro Designer sebagai simulasiproses, namun belum banyak yang menggunakannya pada proses produksi bioethanolberbahan baku tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS). Pada simulasi ini, dilakukan empatskenario proses: (1) SHF-Adsorpsi; (2) SHF-Permeasi Uap; (3) SSF-Adsorpsi; danSSF-Permeasi Uap, dimodelkan menggunakan SuperPro Designer yang memfasilitasikomposisi bahan baku dan produk, ukuran unit operasi, konsumsi utilitas, estimasimodal dan biaya operasional serta pendapatan dari produk dan coproduk. Pemodelandidasarkan pada data yang diperoleh dari produsen ethanol, penyedia jasa teknologi,manufaktur peralatan dan jasa engineering untuk industri. Dari hasil analisis ekonomihasil simulasi, skenario SSF-Permeasi Uap yang paling rendah biaya produksinya dandapat dikembangkan di Indonesia. Berdasarkan analisis sensitivitas pada skenariotersebut, fluktuasi harga jual bioethanol, harga tepung TKKS dan harga produksi enzimakan mempengaruhi nilai keekonomiannya

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ABSTRACKOne of the important steps in plant design is economic analysis that usually done byusing simulator process application. Many research reports have used SuperProDesigner as simulator, but only a few used it in bioethanol production simulationprocess for Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB) as feedstock. In this simulation, four scenarioprocess models: (1) SHF-Adsorption; (2) SHF-Vapor Permeation; (3) SSF-Adsorpstion;and (4) SSF-Vapor Permeation for ethanol production from EFB were developed usingSuperPro Designer software that handle the composition of raw materials and product,sizing of unit operations, utility consumption, estimation of capital and operating costsand the revenues from products and coproducts. The models were based on datagathered from ethanol producers, technology suppliers, equipment manufacturers, andengineering working in the industry. Based on economic analysis, scenario model SSFVaporPermeation provided cost effective and can be developed in Indonesia. It wassuggested through sensitivity analysis that, deviation bioethanol selling price, EFBpowder price and enzime production cost were necessary for bioethanol productionvalue.;One of the important steps in plant design is economic analysis that usually done byusing simulator process application. Many research reports have used SuperProDesigner as simulator, but only a few used it in bioethanol production simulationprocess for Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB) as feedstock. In this simulation, four scenarioprocess models: (1) SHF-Adsorption; (2) SHF-Vapor Permeation; (3) SSF-Adsorpstion;and (4) SSF-Vapor Permeation for ethanol production from EFB were developed usingSuperPro Designer software that handle the composition of raw materials and product,sizing of unit operations, utility consumption, estimation of capital and operating costsand the revenues from products and coproducts. The models were based on datagathered from ethanol producers, technology suppliers, equipment manufacturers, andengineering working in the industry. Based on economic analysis, scenario model SSFVaporPermeation provided cost effective and can be developed in Indonesia. It wassuggested through sensitivity analysis that, deviation bioethanol selling price, EFBpowder price and enzime production cost were necessary for bioethanol productionvalue., One of the important steps in plant design is economic analysis that usually done byusing simulator process application. Many research reports have used SuperProDesigner as simulator, but only a few used it in bioethanol production simulationprocess for Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB) as feedstock. In this simulation, four scenarioprocess models: (1) SHF-Adsorption; (2) SHF-Vapor Permeation; (3) SSF-Adsorpstion;and (4) SSF-Vapor Permeation for ethanol production from EFB were developed usingSuperPro Designer software that handle the composition of raw materials and product,sizing of unit operations, utility consumption, estimation of capital and operating costsand the revenues from products and coproducts. The models were based on datagathered from ethanol producers, technology suppliers, equipment manufacturers, andengineering working in the industry. Based on economic analysis, scenario model SSFVaporPermeation provided cost effective and can be developed in Indonesia. It wassuggested through sensitivity analysis that, deviation bioethanol selling price, EFBpowder price and enzime production cost were necessary for bioethanol productionvalue.]"

"Surfactant are amphiphilic molecules that have been used in widely used as emulsifier and cleaning agent in various industries. These broad industrial applications made the global surfactant production increased annually. In 2020, the amount of global surfactant production estimated would reach more than 24 million per year. However, the currently used surfactants are synthetically produced from chemical or petroleum derived product, so it is often toxic and non-biodegradable. Rhamnolipids are “surfactant like” molecules produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa which could be alternatives for more environmentally friendly surfactant. The use of rhamnolipid are quite limited due to its expensive production cost. The production cost of rhamnolipid could be reduced using by agro-industrial by-product as substrate. One of the abundant agro-industrial by-products in Indonesia that can be used as a substrate for rhamnolipid production are Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB). This study employed SuperPro Designer v9.5 to performed process simulation and economical assessment of rhamnolipid production using OPEFB as a substrate through two different purification methods which are solvent extraction and chromatography adsorption. Based on the process simulation that has been done, the process that used adsorption chromatography purification methods more efficient in terms of the usage of the feedstock and energy. The economic assessment also shown that these methods were more profitable and economically attractive with the value of NPV 24.954.000 USD, IRR 14,77% and payback period 5,66 years

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Surfaktan merupakan molekul yang bersifat amfifilik dan banyak digunakan sebagai emulsifier dan agen pembersih di berbagai industri. Pengaplikasian surfaktan yang sangat luas menyebabkan produksi surfaktan setiap tahunnya selalu meningkat. Namun, kebanyakan surfaktan yang digunakan dan tersedia dipasaran merupakan surfaktan sintetik yang dibuat dari bahan kimia atau turunan minyak bumi. Surfaktan jenis ini biasanya bersifat racun dan dapat mencemari lingkungan. Rhamnolipid merupakan molekul yang diproduksi oleh bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa, bersifat seperti surfaktan namun lebih ramah lingkungan. Penggunaan rhamnolipid masih sangat terbatas, dikarenakan biaya produksinya yang mahal. Biaya produksi rhamnolipid dapat dikurangi dengan menggunakan limbah agroindustri sebagai substrat untuk produksinya. Salah satu limbah agro industri yang jumlahnya sangat melimpah di Indonesia dan dapat digunakan sebagai substrat untuk produksi rhamnolipid adalah Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS). Penelitian ini melakukan simulasi proses dan analisis keekonomian dari produksi rhamnolipid dengan substrat TKKS menggunakan program SuperPro Designer melalui dua metode purifikasi yaitu metode ekstraksi pelarut dan kromatografi adsorpsi. Berdasarkan hasil simulasi proses yang telah dilakukan, produksi dengan menggunakan metode purifikasi kromatografi adsorpsi lebih efisien secara penggunaan bahan baku TKKS dan energi. Selain itu, analisis keekonomian juga menunjukkan proses dengan metode kromatografi adsorpsi lebih menguntungkan secara ekonomis dengan nilai NPV, IRR, dan payback period secara berturut-turut 24.954.000 USD; 14,77%; dan 5,66 tahun."

"Salah satu tantangan yang dihadapi Indonesia dalam target pencapaian ISPO yaitu perkebunan kelapa sawit yang telah tertanam di lahan gambut, baik untuk perkebunan swasta maupun perkebunan rakyat. Beberapa permasalahan diantaranya terkait produktivitas, lingkungan, ekonomi dan sosial. Riset ini bertujuan untuk membangun model perkebunan kelapa sawit berkelanjutan dan membuat sintesis perbaikan. Metode riset adalah analisis statistik dynamic multivariate regression, analisis keekonomian (NPV dan IRR) serta pemodelan system dynamics. Hasil riset pada perkebunan kelapa sawit swasta, urutan variabel yang paling berpengaruh yaitu OER CPO, kerapatan tanam, TMAT dan pemupukan. Untuk perkebunan kelapa sawit rakyat, urutan variabel teknis yang berpengaruh adalah kebakaran, periode panen, pemupukan dan umur tanaman. Kesimpulan riset menyatakan, model pengelolaan perkebunan kelapa sawit swasta dibangun dengan intervensi skenario optimis yaitu peningkatan persentase OER CPO 20%, kerapatan tanam 15%, pemupukan 15% dan TMAT 100%. Untuk perkebunan kelapa sawit rakyat, kunci utamanya adalah kebakaran dan kelembagaan agar dapat mencapai target keberlanjutan.

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One of the challenges faced by Indonesia in achieving the ISPO target is oil palm plantations existing planted on peatlands, both for private plantations and smallholder. Some of these problems are related to productivity, environment, economy, and social. This study aims to build a model of sustainable oil palm plantations and synthesize improvements. The research methods used are dynamic multivariate regression statistical analysis, economic analysis (NPV and IRR), and system dynamics modeling. The research results on private oil palm plantations, the order of the most influential variables are OER CPO, planting density, groundwater level, and fertilization. For smallholder, the technical variables influence fire, harvest time, fertilization, and plant age. The study's conclusion stated that the private oil palm plantation model was built with an optimistic scenario intervention, namely an increase in the percentage of OER CPO 20%, planting density 15%, fertilization 15%, and groundwater level 100%. For smallholder, the key is fire and institutions to achieve sustainability targets."

"Kelangkaan bahan bakar minyak (BBM), yang disebabkan oleh kenaikan harga minyak dunia yang signifikan, telah mendorong pemerintah untuk mengajak masyarakat mengatasi masalah energi secara bersama-sama. Salah satu jalan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan energi yang sedemikian besar adalah dengan mencari sumber energi altematif yang dapat diperbaharui (renewable). Pada skripsi ini akan disimulasikan suatu kapasitas pembangkit listrik gasifikasi berbahan bakar tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKS) dengan pendekatan numerikal. Dengan melakukan studi kasus pada PT. Perkebunan Nusantara VII yang menghasilkan TKS rata rata perhari sebesar 45.990 kg maka dari hasil perhitungan dan pengolahan data, diperoleh nilai efisiensi 20 % dengan kapasitas daya yang dibangkitkan sebesar 1500 kW."