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"Pengaruh arang aktif terhadap pencokelatan pada kultur daun Dendrobium lasianthera J.J.Sm telah diteliti di Laboratorium Fisiologi Tumbuhan Departemen Biologi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui respons eksplan terhadap penambahan arang aktif pada medium ½ MS (Murashige dan Skoog) modifikasi dan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi arang aktif yang tepat dalam mengurangi pencokelatan pada kultur daun Dendrobium lasianthera. Pemberian arang aktif pada medium ½ MS modifikasi dibagi menjadi empat kelompok: Kontrol (K =0%), Perlakuan 1 (P1 = 0,1%), Perlakuan 2 (P2 = 0,2%), dan Perlakuan 3 (P3 =0,3%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan arang aktif 1%, 2%, dan 3% dapat mengurangi pencokelatan, yaitu 10% eksplan mengalami pencokelatan, 78% eksplan tetap hijau, dan 12% eksplan mengalami bleaching. Konsentrasi arang aktif 3 g/l cenderung lebih baik dalam mengurangi pencokelatan.

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The effect of activated charcoal to browning in leaf culture of Dendrobium lasianthera J.J.Sm were studied in the Laboratory of Plant Physiology at Department of Biology. This study was aimed to know the respons of explants and to determine the best concentration of activated charcoal to minimize the browning. Treatment of activated charcoal in ½ MS medium divided into four group: Control (K = 0%), Treatment 1 (P1 = 0,1%), Treatment 2 (P2 = 0,2%), and Treatment 3 (P3 = 0,3%). Explant responded by browning (10%), staying green (78%), and bleaching (12%). The result showed that activated charcoal 1%, 2%, and 3% can minimize the effect of browning. The best result were obtained with ½ MS medium supplemented with 3 g/l activated charcoal."

"Dendrobium lasianthera J.J.Sm merupakan anggrek endemik Papua yang terancam punah sehingga perlu dilakukan perbanyakan melalui teknik kultur in vitro. Pencokelatan eksplan harus diatasi sebelum melangkah ke perbanyakan tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pretreatment terhadap pencokelatan eksplan. Eksplan daun berukuran ± 8 mm x 5 mm diperoleh dari bibit botolan dan sebanyak 15 eksplan ditanam dalam 1 botol kultur berisi medium ½MS (Murashige dan Skoog 1962) modifikasi + 1 mgl-1 NAA + 0,1 mgl-1 BAP. Beberapa pretreatment yang diujikan ialah eksplan langsung ditanam setelah dipotong (L) (kontrol), eksplan dipotong di dalam air (DA), dan eksplan direndam selama 10 menit di dalam air setelah dipotong (DR). Pencokelatan eksplan cenderung lebih sedikit terjadi pada pretreatment L (1,23 ± 1,56), diikuti pada DA (2,56 ± 1,90), dan DR (4,20 ± 2,04). Namun, eksplan hijau cenderung lebih banyak pada DA (8,60 ± 1,58) dibandingkan pada L (8,00 ± 1,73) dan DR (4,20 ± 2,39). Pemutihan eksplan juga terjadi pada masing-masing pretreatment.

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Dendrobium lasianthera J.J.Sm is an endangered orchid native from Papua. Therefore, the in vitro propagation is necessary to do the conservation of it. Browning is a problem that must be solved before doing the in vitro propagation. This study was carried out to observe the effect of pretreatment on explants browning. Leaf explants (8 mm x 5 mm) were excised from sterile seedling, and 15 explants cultured on ½ MS (Murashige and Skoog 1962) modified medium + 1 mgl-1 NAA + 0,1 mgl-1 BAP.

Pretreatments that examined are, explants are directly planted after excising (L) (control), explants were excised in the water (DA), and explants were soaked for 10 minutes in the water after excising (DR). Pretreatment L could reduce explants browning (1,23 ± 1,56), than DA (2,56 ± 1,90), and DR (4,20 ± 2,04). However, the highest green explants was showed in DA (8,60 ± 1,58) than in L (8,00 ± 1,73) and DR (4,20 ± 2,39). In addition, explants bleaching occured in each pretreatment."

"The research was conducted to determine the effect of ascorbic acid (50 mgl-1, 100 mgl-1, 200 mgl-1) and activated charcoal (0.5 gl-1, 1 gl-1, 2 gl-1) independently with different light duration (4 weeks in darkness, 2 weeks in darkness followed by 2 weeks in 16 hours light and 4 weeks in 16 hours light) on shoot regeneration. Explants of banana cultivar Barangan (Musa acuminata L.) were planted on MS basal media supplemented with 1.6 mgl-1 IAA, 4.0 mgl-1 BAP and cultured for 4 weeks. After 4 weeks, explant browning level was evaluated. Explants were then cut vertically into two pieces and planted on the same media to induce shoot regeneration. After 4 weeks in shoot regeneration media, number of shoot, colour of shoot and height of shoot were evaluated. MS media supplemented with 1.6 mgl-1 IAA and 4.0 mgl-1 BAP without ascorbic acid and activated charcoal in darkness for 4 weeks was the most suitable media for shoot regeneration. The shoot regeneration gave average of 10,4 shoots per explant.

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The research was conducted to determine the effect of ascorbic acid (50 mgl-1, 100 mgl-1, 200 mgl-1) and activated charcoal (0.5 gl-1, 1 gl-1, 2 gl-1) independently with different light duration (4 weeks in darkness, 2 weeks in darkness followed by 2 weeks in 16 hours light and 4 weeks in 16 hours light) on shoot regeneration. Explants of banana cultivar Barangan (Musa acuminata L.) were planted on MS basal media supplemented with 1.6 mgl-1 IAA, 4.0 mgl-1 BAP and cultured for 4 weeks. After 4 weeks, explant browning level was evaluated. Explants were then cut vertically into two pieces and planted on the same media to induce shoot regeneration. After 4 weeks in shoot regeneration media, number of shoot, colour of shoot and height of shoot were evaluated. MS media supplemented with 1.6 mgl-1 IAA and 4.0 mgl-1 BAP without ascorbic acid and activated charcoal in darkness for 4 weeks was the most suitable media for shoot regeneration. The shoot regeneration gave average of 10,4 shoots per explant."

"Permintaan konsumen terhadap peningkatan. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan peningkatan kualitas clan kuantitasnya. Penelitian mi dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kualitas anggrek Dendrobjum Kamiya's Pride x Dendrobjum Rulita Beauty melalui peningkatan pertumbuhan vegetatif dengan pemberian beberapa konsentrasi KNO3 (0, 250, 500, 750, 1000, 1250, 1500 ppm). Penelitian mi bersifat eksperimental dengan rancangan penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap yang terdiri dari 7 perlakuan, 5 ulangan clan 10 sub ulangan. Hasil uji nonparametrik Kruskal-Wallis pada a = 0,01 menunjukkan adanya pengaruh pemberian beberapa konsentrasi KNO 3 terhadap pertumbuhan tinggi plantlet, jumlah clan luas daun, jumlah clan panjang akar, serta jumlah tunas anakan anggrek tersebut. Konsentrasi optimal bagi pertumbuhan tinggi plantlet (3,620-- 4,022 cm) clan panjang akar (3,708-4,174 cm) adalah 500-1000 ppm KNO3, sedangkan bagi pertumbuhan jumlah akar (4,460--6,680) adalah 500--750 ppm KNO3. Pemberian 1500 ppm KNO3 menghasilkan jumlah daun terbesar, yaitu 11,620; sedangkan pemberian 750 ppm KNO 3 menghasilkan luas daun tertinggi, yaitu 0,888 cm 2. Pemberjan 1250 clan 1500 ppm KNO 3 menghasilkan jumlah tunas anakan terbesar, yaitu 1,140."

"Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui respons eksplan potongan daun Dendrobium antennatum Lindl. terhadap perlakuan 1 (1 mgl-1 TDZ), perlakuan 2 (1,5 mgl-1 TDZ dan 7,5 mgl-1 BAP), perlakuan 3 (2 mgl-1 TDZ dan 7,5 mgl-1 BAP), perlakuan 4 (1,5 mgl-1 TDZ dan 10 mgl-1 BAP), dan perlakuan 5 (2 mgl-1 TDZ dan 10 mgl-1 BAP) dalam menginduksi tunas. Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium Khansa Orchids Cimanggis Depok (september 2007--April 2008). Dua puluh lima potong daun dikultur pada 1 botol sampel perlakuan. Data yang diperoleh dari penelitian tersebut menunjukkan bahwa setiap perlakuan yang diberikan cenderung menghasilkan respons pembentukan protocorm like bodies (plb) dan tunas pada eksplan. Data tersebut juga menunjukan bahwa pada perlakuan 2, 3, dan 4 terdapat sinergisme antara TDZ dan BAP, sedangkan perlakuan 5 tidak menunjukkan adanya sinergisme. Perlakuan 3 (2 mgl-1 TDZ dan 7,5 mgl-1 BAP) cenderung menghasilkan jumlah plb dan tunas terbanyak (49,1 ± 44,7 per botol), dibandingkan dengan perlakuan yang lain. Eksplan mengawali respons induksi tunas dengan membengkak, dan kemudian membentuk plb atau tunas."