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"Studi ini mendeskripsikan pembingkaian kejahatan perang pada konflik militer antarnegara dalam penerapan prinsip-prinsip jurnalisme damai pada pemberitaan di Kompas.com. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis deskriptif dengan metode analisis pembingkaian Entman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembingkaian yang digunakan pada pemberitaan tentang kejahatan perang sebagai isu kemanusiaan ataupun merugikan bagi warga sipil. Namun, artikel berita masih lekat dengan pembingkaian berita sumber rujukan dan prinsip jurnalisme damai masih kurang diterapkan pada beberapa artikel berita, sehingga organisasi media harus lebih memperhatikan aspek-aspek pembingkaian agar dapat merefleksikan nilai-nilai kemanusiaan, terutama perdamaian.

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This study describes the framing of war crimes in interstate military conflicts in the application of the principles of peace journalism in news reporting on Kompas.com. This research is a descriptive, qualitative research conducted with the Entman framing analysis method. The results of the study indicate that the war crimes are framed as a humanitarian issue or detrimental to civilians. However, news articles are still framed similarly to its reference sources and the principles of peace journalism are not as thoroughly applied in several news articles, so media organizations must pay more attention to aspects of framing in order to reflect humanitarian values, especially peace."

"Skripsi ini membahas tentang tindakan perekrutan tentara anak menjadi satu suatu bentuk kejahatan perang yang ditinjau berdasarkan hukum internasional. Kasus yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini adalah kasus perekrutan tentara anak dilakukan oleh Thomas Lubanga Dyilo sebagai Presiden Persatuan Patriot Kongo (UPC) dan Komandan Pasukan patriotiques pour la libération du Congo (FPLC) di konflik di Ituri, Kongo. Tujuan penulisan skripsi ini adalah untuk memahami latar belakang larangan perekrutan tentara anak dalam konflik bersenjata, mengetahui ketentuan hukum internasional dan keputusan peradilan berkenaan dengan perekrutan tentara anak-anak, dan untuk mengetahui caranya aksi rekrutmen tentara anak dilakukan oleh Thomas Lubanga Dyilo di Konflik Ituri, Kongo memenuhi unsur pidana dalam Pasal 8 (2) (e) (vii) Statuta Roma. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penulisan skripsi ini adalah yuridis normatif dengan memeriksa perjanjian internasional yang terkait dengan larangan perekrutan tentara anak dan pendekatan yang digunakan dan preseden yang ditetapkan oleh peradilan internasional dalam mengadili dan memutuskan kasus perekrutan tentara anak.

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This thesis discusses the act of recruiting child soldiers into a form of war crime which is reviewed based on international law. The case used in this paper is the case of the recruitment of child soldiers by Thomas Lubanga Dyilo as President of the Congolese Patriots Union (UPC) and the Commander of the Patriotiques pour la libération du Congo (FPLC) in the conflict in Ituri, Congo. The purpose of writing this thesis is to understand the background of the prohibition on the recruitment of child soldiers in armed conflict, to know the provisions of international law and judicial decisions regarding the recruitment of child soldiers, and to find out how. The recruitment of child soldiers was carried out by Thomas Lubanga Dyilo at The Ituri conflict, Congo fulfilled the criminal element in Article 8 (2) (e) (vii) of the Rome Statute. The research method used in the writing of this thesis is normative juridical by examining international treaties related to the prohibition of the recruitment of child soldiers and the approaches used and the precedents set by the international judiciary in adjudicating and deciding cases of the recruitment of child soldiers."

""This book explores a cross section of war crimes trials that the Allied powers held against the Japanese in the aftermath of World War II. More than 2,240 trials against some 5,700 suspected war criminals were carried out at 51 separate locations across the Asia Pacific region. This book analyzes fourteen high-profile American, Australian, British, and Philippine trials, including the two subsequent proceedings at Tokyo and the Yamashita trial. By delving into a large body of hitherto underutilized oral and documentary history of the war as contained in the trial records, Yuma Totani illuminates diverse firsthand accounts of the war that were offered by former Japanese and Allied combatants, prisoners of war, and the civilian population. Furthermore, the author makes a systematic inquiry into select trials to shed light on a highly complex - and at times contradictory - legal and jurisprudential legacy of Allied war crimes prosecutions"--"

"ABSTRAKDoktrin State responsibility merupakan salah satu doktrin penting dalam hukum internasional yang terus berkembang hingga saat ini. Inti dari pengertian doktrin State responsibility adalah bahwa setiap aksi yang dilakukan oleh negara ataupun organ-organ resmi negara harus dipertanggung jawabkan dan memiliki konsekuensi hukum dalam hubungan antar negara di kancah internasional. Lahirnya konsekuensi atas setiap aksi daripada negara bertujuan untuk memastikan bahwa negara mentaati ketentuan hukum internasional serta memberi keadilan bagi subjek hukum internasional yang mengalami kerugian atas tindakan suatu negara. Penelitian ini kemudian bertujuan untuk meneliti apakah dalam kasus kejahatan perang war crimes tentara Belanda di Indonesia pada periode 1945-1949 khususnya di daerah Rawagede dan Sulawesi Selatan , doktrin State responsibility dapat digunakan untuk menganalilis pertanggung jawaban Pemerintah Belanda kepada korban maupun keluarga korban. Pisau analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah parameter pelanggaran hukum internasional yang dilakukan dalam tindakan kejahatan perang tentara Belanda dan atribusi kejahatan perang tersebut kepada Pemerintah Belanda sehingga Pemerintah Belanda memiliki tanggung jawab yang diatur dalam hukum internasional. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah dilihat dari kedua analisis tersebut, tindakan tentara Belanda merupakan tindakan yang melanggar hukum internasional dan dapat diatribusikan kepada Pemerintah Belanda, sehingga Pemerintah Belanda memiliki tanggung jawab hukum kepada korban atau keluarga korban untuk memberikan reparasi reparation atas tindakan tentaranya.

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ABSTRACTState responsibility is an important doctrine that keeps on developing in international law. The definition of state responsibility is that every action conducted by nations or its legitimate organs entails international responsibility and has legal consequences in the eyes of international law. The purpose of this doctrine is to ensure that nations will abide by international law and also give access to justice for victims that got harmed through certain nations rsquo action. This research then focused on analyzing whether State responsibility doctrine can be applicable in the case of war crimes conducted by Dutch soldiers in Indonesia spesifically in Rawagede and South Sulawesi during 1945 1949 period Indonesia rsquo s revolution war . The writer uses two main points of analysis in analyzing whether state responsibility can be applicable in that case. The first one is whether the actions conducted by Dutch military troops were in violation of international law, the second one is whether the action can be attributed to Dutch Government so that the Dutch Government bears responsibility towards the victims and family of victims. The conclusion of this research is that according to State responsibility doctrine, the Dutch Government is responsible towards the war crimes conducted by Dutch military troops in Indonesia during 1945 1949 in Rawagede and South Sulawesi and entitled to give reparation for victims or family of victims. "

"The Law of Armed Conflict: International Humanitarian Law in War introduces law students and undergraduates to the law of war in an age of terrorism. What law of armed conflict/​international humanitarian law applies to particular armed conflicts? Does that law apply to terrorists as well? What is the status of participants in an armed conflict? What constitutes a war crime? What is a lawful target and how are targeting decisions made? What are rules of engagement? What weapons are lawful and unlawful, and why? This text takes the reader through these essential questions of the law of armed conflict and international humanitarian law to an awareness of finer points of battlefield law. The U.S.-weighted text incorporates lessons from many nations and includes hundreds of cases from jurisdictions worldwide"