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"Conversational exchange between Cintio Vitier and Daisaku Ikeda, with independent text from each."

"Tujuan dari studi ini adalah untuk memahami peranan Jose Rizal bersama kelompok reformasi selama berlangsungnya gerakan propaganda pada 1882?1896. Saat itu Filipina berada di bawah kekuasaan pemerintah kolonial Spanyol dan hal tersebut menjadi sebab utama dari terlaksananya kampanye propaganda yang diadakan di Eropa. Terdapat hubungan tak terpisahkan antara bruder Spanyol dan pemerintah kolonial di mana banyak terjadi ketidakadilan dan korupsi di Flilipina oleh karena bruder Spanyol mempunyai kekuasaan yang besar. Oleh karena itu, Jose Rizal menyumbangkan peranan penting bagi gerakan propaganda. Ia menulis dua buah novel yaitu Noli Me Tangere dan El Filibusterismo ketika ia berada di Eropa. Kedua novel itu menebar kritik di antara para bruder Spanyol. Hal tersebut memicu perang melalui tulisan antara kelompok propaganda dengan bruder Spanyol.Akhirnya pemerintah kolonial mencekal kedua novel itu akibatnya hal itu berdampak pada keberadaan kelompok propaganda. Studi ini akan melihat kontribusi pemikiran Jose Rizal dan juga memberikan proses bagaimana ia mempengaruhi Filipino dengan tulisannya. Usaha Jose Rizal membuahkan hasil meskipun ia ditangkap dan diasingkan oleh pemerintah kolonial Spanyol, pemikirannya diteruskan oleh kelompok revolusi menuju Filipina Merdeka. Hal tersebut menandakan gerakan propaganda telah sukses.

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The purpose of this study is to comprehend Jose Rizal?s role together with propaganda group during reform movement which took place during the final quarter of nineteenth century. In that time Philippines was under Spanish colonial rule and it became main reason for them to conduct propaganda campaign in Europe. There were interdependent relationship between Spanish friars and colonial government that caused many injustices and corrupt in Philippines. In that time, Spanish friars had been possessed a great power. Therefore, Jose Rizal contributed important role to propaganda movement. He wrote two phenomenal novels, Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo when he was in Europe. Those novels scattered criticism among the Spanish friars. It had been triggered dynamic quarrel through writings between propagandists and Spanish friars. Finally, Spanish colonial government censored his novels and it brought one of the effect to the propagandists itself. This study will investigate the contributions of Jose Rizal's ideas and giving process how he influence through his writings to Filipino people without decreasing the role among other reform group members."

"Incomplete contents1. [15 de abril de 1993-31 de dezembro] -- 2. [3 de janeiro de 1994-31 de dezembro] -- 3. [2 de janeiro de 1995-31 de dezembro] -- 4. [1 de janeiro 1996-31 de dezembro] -- 5. [2 de janeiro de 1997-31 de dezembro]"

"Seorang konsumen membeli suatu objek untuk menghabiskan nilai gunanya.Namun, masyarakat konsumerisme merlukan barang bukan untuk mengonsumsi nilai guna, melainkan untuk nilai simbolik.Bagi masyarakat konsumeris, nilai simbolik pada suatu objek lebih penting daripada nilai guna karena nilai simbolik dapat memberikan mereka status dan kehormatan.Peran media dan teknologi sangat berpengaruh. Hal tersebut tidak berlaku pada karakter Nenek dalam komik Saga no Gabai Bachan Nenek Hebat dari Saga .Nenek memang miskin. Membeli barang yang memang ia butuhkan saja sulit, tapi anehnya Nenek menjalani hidupnya dengan bahagia dan selalu merasa cukup. Cara yang ia lakukan untuk dapat bertahan hidup di tengah masyarakat konsumeris adalah mengamali ajaran bersyukur dari agama Buddha. Sang Buddha mengajarkan umatnya untuk melihat segala sesuatu apa adanya. Berkat ajaran tersebut, Nenek berhasil membuktikan jikaia bisa hidup ditengah masyarakat konsumeris, meskipun tanpa memiliki banyak harta.

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A consumer buys an object by the purpose of using its functional value. On the contrary, the purpose of consuming objects on consumerist society is not to pursue the use value, but to find the symbolic value of the objects. For them, symbolic value of an object is more important than functional value because it could give them status and prestige. The role of media and technology is very influential on this matter. However, this statement is not happening to The Grandmother character from Saga no Gabai Bachan Great Old Lady from Saga comic. The Grandmother is poor and it rsquo;s hard for her to buy things she really needs. Yet, she lives her life happily and fulfilled. The way she does to survive in the middle of consumerist society is by implementing Buddhist teaching of being grateful. Buddha taught his follower to see everything as it is. By implementing Buddhist teaching of gratefulness, The Grandmother proves that she can survive in the middle of consumerist society without having a need to be rich."

"On the morning of September 29, 1920, a young poet died in Santiagos asylum, where he had recently been moved after nearly two months in police custody. Why and how did Jose Domingo Gómez Rojas end up in a prison, an asylum, and a cemetery? This book is an effort to answer that question. It is not a biography of Jose Domingo Gomez Rojas, although he figures prominently in its pages. It is, rather, a book about the context within which his arrest, imprisonment, and death unfolded and about the experiences of a number of the men he counted as friends and comrades. Covering a four-month period of 1920 in Santiago, it is a book about anarchists and aristocrats, students and teachers, poets and prosecutors, and cops and Wobblies. While narrative in form, the book has a number of analytical threads. It pays close attention to university students and the radicalization and disidentification they experienced over the course of the 1910s as well as the close relationships they forged with working people at the time. The book also stresses the importance of anarcho-communism in Chile in the first two decades of the twentieth century. The narrative is structured around the lives and labors of agitators and organizers who spent most, if not all, of their lives in Santiago and thus emphasizes the importance of place to radical politics. This is, in sum, a story of individuals and the collective struggles they waged, futures they imagined, and worlds they occupied."