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"Fraud has become a challenging phenomena affecting economies worldwide. Anti-fraud measures are an integral part of today's management practices and have found their way into business education. Yet in developing countries these topics have long been neglected and only limited research has been conducted in this area. This book fills an essential gap by analyzing the impact of fraud on developing economies, describing successful anti-fraud methods and featuring cases that exemplify the measures described. "

"Masyarakat di Jawa Barat, Indonesia sudah lamamenggunakan Selaginella untuk menyembuhkan secara tradisional beberapa penyakit seperti panas, luka ringan, patah tulang, masalah kewanitaan, dan pendarahan setelah melahirkan. Namun, informasi tentang senyawa aktif dari Selaginellayang berasal dari Pulau Jawa belum sepenuhnya diketahui. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengungkapkan keanekaragaman senyawa bioaktif dan kandungan amentoflavon dari Selaginellayang berasal dari Pulau Jawa dengan maksud untuk memaksimalkan pemanfaatan tumbuhan ini sebagai tumbuhan obat. BahanSelaginella yang dikoleksi dari 29 lokasi di Pulau Jawa diekstraksi dan digunakan sebagai bahan dalam ujicolorimetric ndan thin layer chromatographyuntuk menganalisis secara kualitatif senyawa bioaktif alkaloid, phenol, dan steroid. Selain itu, high performance liquid chromatographydilakukan untuk menganalisis kandungan amentofalvone dariekstrak Selaginella. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua spesiesSelaginella yang diuji mengandung alkaloid,flavonoid, saponin, tannin, and steroid, tetapi tidak mengandung hydroquinon. Tujuh spesies Selaginella berisibiflavonoid tipe amentoflavon. Kandungan amentoflavon tertinggi yaitu konsentrasi 6.87 ppm dihasilkan oleh S.subalpinayang berasal dari Gedung Songo, Jawa Tengah. Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa lebih dari satu spesies Selaginellayang berasal dari Pulau Jawa sangat potensial untuk digunakan sebagai tumbuhan obat.

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AbstractFor a long time, people in West Java, Indonesia have used Selaginellaas a traditional cure for several ailments including fever, minor wounds, broken bones, women?s health disorders or postnatal bleeding. However, information on the active compounds of the plant from Java Island has not been fully expounded. The objective of the research wasto reveal the diversity of bioactive compounds and amentoflavone content ofSelaginella from Java Island in order to optimize the use of this plant as a medicinal plant. Selaginella plants collected from 29 locations in Java were extracted and subjected to colorimetric and thin layer chromatography test to qualitatively analyze the bioactive compounds of alkaloid, phenol, and steroid. In addition, high performance liquid chromatography was performed to analyze theamentofalvone content of Selaginellaextract. The research result showed that all the examined Selaginella species contained alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tannin, and steroid, but they did not contain hydroquinone. Seven of themcontained the biflavonoid type of amentoflavone. The highest amentoflavone concentration, 6.87 ppm, was found in S.subalpina that originated from Gedung Songo, Central Java. Those results indicated that more than oneSelaginella species originating from Java Island had marked potential for use as medicinal plants."