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"Penyerapan kata dari bahasa asing salah satunya disebabkan oleh keterbatasan kosakata dari suatu bahasa. Pengayaan kosakata dapat memberikan efektivitas dalam mengungkapkan makna baru. Namun, makna kata yang diserap dapat bergeser karena kata serapan harus mengalami penyesuaian, baik dalam ejaan, pelafalan maupun maknanya. Artikel ini membahas pergeseran makna pada kata serapan bahasa Indonesia dalam bidang kuliner yang berasal dari bahasa Prancis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan penyerapan kata Prancis bidang kuliner ke dalam bahasa Indonesia dari yang mengalami pergeseran makna. Metode penelitian ini adalah analisis kualitatif dan teknik studi kepustakaan. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan Sketch Engine untuk membuktikan bahwa istilah-istilah serapan yang ada di dalam kamus terdapat di dalam korpus bahasa Indonesia. Data yang digunakan berupa 15 istilah serapan bahasa Prancis dalam bidang kuliner pada Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia daring. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan teori kata serapan Guilbert (1975), teori pergeseran makna Ullmann (2009), dan komponen makna Nida (2003). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam KBBI daring, kata serapan dalam bidang kuliner berjumlah 15 istilah. Sebanyak 4 kata tidak mengalami pergeseran makna, sedangkan 11 kata mengalami pergeseran makna. Penelitian ini membuktikan adanya pergeseran makna yang terjadi pada kata-kata serapan bahasa Prancis pada istilah kuliner, seperti perluasan makna, penyempitan makna, dan perubahan total. Pembuktian dengan Sketch Engine menunjukkan bahwa KBBI daring perlu ditinjau kembali dan kemudian dimutakhirkan dan istilah-istilah yang jarang digunakan oleh penutur bahasa Indonesia dapat diganti dengan yang lebih lazim.

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One reason for using loanwords from the other language is the limited vocabulary of a language. Vocabulary enrichment can provide authority in expressing new meanings. However, the meaning of the loanwords can shift because loanwords have to undergo adjustments, both in spelling, pronunciation, and meaning. This article discusses the shift in Indonesian loanwords' meaning in the culinary field that comes from French. This study aims to explain French words' absorption in the culinary field into Indonesian from those experiencing a shift in meaning. This research method is qualitative analysis and literature study techniques. This study also used the Sketch Engine to prove that the dictionary's loan terms are in the Indonesian language corpus. The data used is 15 French loan terms in the culinary field in the online KBBI (Big Indonesian Dictionary). The analysis was carried out using Guilbert's (1975) theory of uptake, Ullmann's theory of shifting meaning (2009), and Nida's (2003) meaning components. The results showed that in online KBBI, loanwords in the culinary field amounted to 15 terms. As many as four words did not experience a shift in meaning, 11 words experienced a shifting of meaning. This research proved a shift in meaning in French borrowed words in culinary terms, such as expanding meaning, narrowing meaning, and total change. Proof by Sketch Engine; shows that online KBBI needs to be reviewed and then updated, and terms that Indonesian speakers rarely use can be replaced with more common ones."

"This study focuses on evaluating vocabulary in textbook for elementary school students. It aims to answer three questions about the vocabulary: First, how far does the vocabulary in the textbook cover the vocabulary in General Service List of English Words (GSL), a word list suggested for beginners of English? Second, is the frequency of the vocabulary in the textbook suitable with the theory about it in teaching vocabulary? Third, are the written input of the exercises in the textbook parallel to the theory of teaching vocabulary?Data were collected from the vocabularies and the written input in the textbook Get Ready for Beginners, published by Erlangga in 1996. This book is a textbook for elementary school students. Other data were collected from the words in the GSL word list.Data were analysed in three ways. First, the vocabulary in the textbook and in GSL were compared and analysed by using two computer programs. The first program, Rimal.BAS, was used to gain the comparison between the vocabulary in the textbook and GSL. The second program, Rima2.BAS, was used to see the context of the vocabulary. With this program, the writer can sort out any ambiguous words. Second, by using program Rimal.BAS, the frequency of each word was counted and described. The vocabulary in the textbook were categorized into words with frequency>6 and words with frequency <6. Third, the written input in the textbook was identified and sorted.This research produces description as follows: the vocabulary in the textbook covers 80,135% of the vocabulary in the GSL; in analysing the frequency, the writer found out that 86,90% of the whole words in the textbook. occur more than 6 times, but only 76,469% of the words covered in GSL occur the same; The written input in the textbook covers 87,20% of the theory about teaching vocabulary and about 91% of the written input suit to the goal of the lesson unit. However, about 37,93% of the dialogues in the textbook do not meet the requirements of good dialogues.The writer suggests some revisions of the book. First, the writer of the book should add more occurrences of the words with high frequency as suggested by GSL. Second, there should be less number of names of people in the textbook and a story making of the characters to make this book interesting. Third, there should be a revision of some of the written input, especially dialog. Most of the dialogues are not good.In spite of the fact that the textbook Get ready for Beginners fulfils the requirements needed about selecting vocabulary and the frequency of the words, dealing with the designing of the written input of the vocabulary, the writer strongly suggests revisions of the textbook."

"This new edition is concerned primarily with the learned vocabulary of English, the words borrowed from the classical languages. It surveys the historical events that define the layers of vocabulary in English, introduces some of the basic principles of linguistic analysis, and is a helpful manual for vocabulary discernment and enrichment. An online workbook contains readings, exercises, and root lists accompanying each chapter to strengthen knowledge acquired in the classroom. New to this edition:- Updated with a discussion of the most recent trends of blending and shortening associated with texting and other forms of electronic communication.- Includes a new classification of the types of allomorphy.- Discusses important topics such as segment sonority and the historical shifting of long vowels in English.- Includes a new section on Grimm’s Law, explaining some of the more obscure links between Germanic and classical cognates."

"Do employees hate their managers? Many do, says this research-based book, which describes 30 reasons for employee attitudes ranging from indifference to outright hatred of management. Among the reasons, these employees say: they are not treated like adults, with respect for their contributions; managers don't listen to them; senior managers are incompetent and run the company poorly; their pay isn't linked to their job performance and often it's unfair; they lack sufficient resources and training to do their jobs well; they don't trust information they receive from management; they get insufficient feedback on their work performance; they have such heavy workloads and inflexible schedules that they can't find a good balance of work and personal life.The author offers solutions, not just a litany of problems. He also describes some of the underlying psychological reasons for employee discontent (for example, equity theory, which explains why people react as they do to perceived unfairness). The material is based on Katcher's proprietary research in 65 organizations and surveys of more than 50,000 employees. It also includes many stories/examples."