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"Untuk melengkapi udjian Sardjana pada Fakultas Sas_tra Universitas Indonesia , djurusan Sedjarah, saja mendapat tugas untuk:membuat sebuah skripsi. Persoalan jang saja tumbil untu.k skripsi ini adalah tentang peranan jang didjalankan oleh pemuda Indonesia dalam usaha untuk:memerdekakan Tanah Airnja. Sungguh tidak ketjil peranan jang didja1ankan oleh para pemuda itu dan dengan. skripsi ini saja ingin menundjukkan kebesaran peranan itu. 8eperti telah diketahui umum, kemerdekaan Indonesia itu didapat kembali dari tjengkraman kaum pendjajah melalui perd juangan jang lama dan luas. Bila pada mulanja perdjuangan untuk mendapatkan kembali kemerdekaan atau kebebasan itu selalu menemui kegagalan, misalnja perdjuangan jang didjalankan oleh Pangeran Diponogoro di Djawa, Tuanku Imam Bondjol dan Teuku Umar di Sumatera, Hasanudin dari Makasar, Patimura dari Ambon dan masih banjak lagi para pahlawan kemerdekaan dari daerah2 atau tempat2 lain di Indonesia - adalah disebabkan karena belum adanja rasa kesadaran sebagai bangsa jang bersatu jang harus mendapatkan kemerdekaannja kembali. Jang mendorong timbulnja perlawanan2 terhadap kaum pendjadjah adalah penderitaan jang amat sangat akibat pemerasan bangsa asing jang mendjadjah itu. Barulah kemudian pada tahun 1938 dengan berdirinja Budi Utomo tiubul kesadaran sebagai satu bangsa, walaupun pada mulanja belum luas jang diliputinja. Tetapi _"

"Autobiography of Soejitno Hardjosoediro, an Indonesian revolutionary."

"One of the important -features. of the 'Arab-Indonesians in Indonesian history is that the Arab-Indonesians have been assimilated themselves into indigineous people. Except in very limited cases, it is very difficult for anybody to distinguish Arab-Indonesians from other Indonesians. Most people consider this assimilation is due to Islam, the religion of all Arab-Indonesians and the religion of the majority of Indonesians. Few people consider it due to the high rate of intermarriage between the Arab-Indonesians and Indonesians. Arab-Indonesians call Indonesians as akhwal, "brothers of their mothers". In addition to the two matters above, this writing tries to present another important matter, that is the role of the Arab-Indonesians in the struggle of Indonesian independence movement. Almost all Arab-Indonesians were on the Indonesians' side against the Dutch, and to some extent Arab-Indonesians had received similar treatment as their brothers, the Indonesians, during the: Dutch colonial period. The first modern movement of Arab-Indonesians, Jamiat Khair, has paid intensive attention to Indonesians. The Jamiat Khair not only receives Indonesians as its members,- such as KHA Dahlan, the founder of Muhammadiyah, but also accepts Indonesian children to its schools. Many Indonesian children have been and are still educated there. These all can also be seen in the other Arab-Indonesian organizations, such as al Irsyad and al Chairaat. Some Arab--Indonesian leaders have great influence on the Indonesians and their leaders. Syekh Ahmad Surkati, the spiritual leader of al Irsyad, for example, was at once KHA Dahlan's closest friend and teacher. He was also the teacher of many Indonesian leaders such as Moh. Roem, M. Rasjidi, Junus Anies, Kasman, Natsir, A. Hassan, and Hail Zamzam, one of the founders of Fersis, Persatuan Islam. Unfortunately, there has been constant dispute among the Arab-Indonesians themselves until the foundation of PAI, Partai Arab Indonesia, by Baswedan and other muwalads, the mixed and local born Arab-Indonesians. Despite their claim that Indonesia is their only mother country, and they struggled, on the side of'Indonesians against the Dutch, all non-Islamic organizations, except Gerindo, refused to accept Arab---Indonesians as their members. After the declaration of Indonesian Independence, however, all Arab-Indonesians became Indonesian citizens. They hand in hand with the Indonesians defended the Republic of Indonesia against the Dutch and their colaborators. Many Arab--Indonesians not only became members but also leaders of both Islamic and non-Islamic organizations, such as PSI, Partai Socialis Indonesia, and PNI, Partai Nasional Indonesia."