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"Program pembangunan jaringan pipa distribusi gas bumi untuk rumah tangga yang saat ini sedang dilakukan pemerintah untuk mensubsitusi penggunaan bahan bakar minyak ke gas bumi memiliki nilai yang sangat strategis. Karena dengan mengalihkan pengunaan bahan bakar minyak ke gas bumi akan memberikan dampak yang positif bagi masyarakat maupun pemerintah. Keuntungan yang akan diperoleh masyarakat adalah mendapatkan energi yang lebih bersih, ramah lingkungan, murah dan aman. Sedangkan dari sisi pemerintah dapat mengurangi beban subsidi yang saat ini mencapai Rp.48,2 Triliun. Namun, usaha ini belum maksimal karena masih kurangnya infrastruktur atau fasilitas penyaluran gas bumi ke konsumen. Oleh karena itu, dalam studi ini akan dilakukan simulasi proses jaringan pipa distribusi gas bumi untuk rumah tangga sebagai salah satu langkah awal pembangunan infrastruktur sistem distribusi gas bumi untuk rumah tangga. Studi kasus yang akan dilakukan adalah di wilayah Kota Pekanbaru, Bandar Lampung, Muara Enim dan Cilegon. Langkah-langkah yang akan dilakukan meliputi pengumpulan data dan analisis data, penetapan sumber pasokan gas bumi, penetapan kecamatan prioritas, simulasi dan analisa hasil simulasi, serta rekomendasi dan kesimpulan. Simulasi dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak sistem perpipaan. Hasil studi ini menghasilkan desain basis proses untuk jaringan pipa distribusi gas bumi dan dimensi pipa yang dibutuhkan untuk jaringan pipa distribusi gas bumi ini.

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Program development natural gas distribution pipelines to households currently being done by the government for substitution oil fuel to natural gas has a very strategic value. Since the substitution of oil fuel usage to natural gas will have a positive impact for the society and government. Gains for society is getting more clean energy, environmental friendly, cheap and safe. While the government can reduce the burden of subsidies currently reached Rp.48.2 Trillion. However, these efforts are not maximized due to a lack of infrastructure or natural gas distribution facilities to consumers.

Therefore, in this study will be conducted process simulation of natural gas distribution pipelines to households as one of the first steps of infrastructure development of natural gas distribution system for households. Case studies will be done is in the city of Pekanbaru, Bandar Lampung, Muara Enim and Cilegon. The steps to be taken include data collection and analysis, determining the source of gas supply, setting priorities district, simulation and analysis, and recommendations and conclusions.

Simulations are conducted using the software pipeline system. The results of this study produced the basis design for the process of distribution pipelines and pipe dimensions required for natural gas distribution pipelines."

"Peran Gas Bumi semakin meningkat sejalan dengan meningkatnya kebutuhan Gas Bumi di dalam negeri. Berkaitan hal tersebut, BPH Migas perlu menyiapkan beberapa perangkat pelelangan yaitu Pedoman Lelang Ruas Transmisi dan Wilayah Jaringan Distribusi Gas Bumi serta Dokumen Lelang. Dalam menyusun data pengadaan, spesifikasi teknis dan daftar kuantitas dan harga didasarkan hasil analisa dan perhitungan desain yang dituangkan dalam dokumen teknis detail terhadap jaringan distribusi gas bumi. Jaringan Pipa Distribusi akan melayani demand sektor listrik, industri, komersial, transportasi dan rumah tangga dalam Wilayah Jaringan Distribusi dalam 4 Kabupaten dan 1 Kota. Secara khusus penulis berperan sebagai pihak yang melakukan pengadaan proyek sekaligus tim yang akan melakukan lelang berdasarkan hasil kegiatan. Dari kegiatan diperoleh perkiraan Potensi demand gas bumi di Wilayah Jaringan Distribusi Jambi pada Tahun 2014 adalah 31,637 MMSCFD dan Potensi demand pada Tahun 2024 adalah 51,534 MMSCFD. Pasokan gas bumi berawal dari Tapping point offtake yang berlokasi di Tempino Kecil, dan alternatif Tapping Point lainnya berlokasi di daerah Pematang Lumut Sengeti. Dari 3 skenario pembangunan sistem jaringan pipa dan dengan mempertimbangkan Aspek Keekonomian, Kebutuhan dan Teknis maka direkomendasikan skenario 3 yang paling layak untuk dibangun secara ekonomis, dengan hasil perhitungan tarif sebesar 0,5481 US$/Mscf.

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The role of natural gas is increasing in line with the increasing demand for natural gas in the country. In this regard, BPH Migas needs to prepare auction tools, namely the Guidelines for Auctioning Transmission Lines and Natural Gas Distribution Network Areas. In compiling procurement data, technical specifications and a list of quantities and prices based on the results of design analysis and calculations outlined in detailed technical documents on natural gas distribution networks. The Distribution Pipeline Network will serve the demand of the electricity, industrial, commercial, transportation and household sectors in the Distribution Network Area in 4 Regencies and 1 City. Specifically, the author acts as a party to procure the project as well as the team that will conduct the auction based on the results of the activity. It was estimated that the potential demand for Jambi Distribution Network Area in 2014 was 31,637 MMSCFD and in the 2024 was 51,534 MMSCFD. Natural gas supply starts from the offtake tapping point located in Tempino Kecil, and another alternative tapping point is located in the Pematang Lumut Sengeti area. Of the 3 scenarios of pipeline system development and by considering the Economic, Needs and Technical Aspects, it is recommended that scenario 3 is the most feasible to be built economically, with the results of the tariff calculation of 0.5481 US$/Mscf."

"[ABSTRAKPembangunan Jaringan Distribusi Gas Bumi untuk Rumah Tangga (JGRT) adalahsalah satu program Pemerintah untuk memperbanyak penggunaan gas bumi.Program JGRT dilaksanakan di 24 kota di seluruh Indonesia dengan sasaransebanyak 80.000 rumah tangga. Salah satu kota yang terpilih adalah Kota Depok.Pembangunan JGRT Kota Depok diberikan terhadap 4000 rumah tangga diKelurahan Beji dan Beji Timur pada tahun 2010. Namun hingga saat ini belumpernah dilakukan evaluasi terhadap pelaksanaan program tersebut.Penelitian ini mencoba mengevaluasi pencapaian outcomes programpembangunan JGRT di Kota Depok. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatansurvei dengan jumlah responden 150 rumah tangga yang dipilih dengan metodeproportional random sampling. Analisis dilakukan dengan cara deskriptifkuantitatif.Berdasarkan analisis diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa jumlah penerima program yangberalih menggunakan gas bumi dari LPG tabung sebesar 93,45%. Konsumsi gasbumi dari penerima program dapat menggantikan 11.439 tabung LPG 3kg dan1.120 LPG 12kg per bulan. Jumlah tersebut hanya 0,85% dari total rumah tanggadan total konsumsi LPG 3kg dan 12kg per bulan di Kota Depok. Penghematansubsidi yang telah didapatkan Pemerintah sejak bulan Juni tahun 2011 sampaidengan Desember tahun 2013 sebesar 8,2 miliar rupiah. Analisis persepsiresponden terhadap penggunaan gas bumi disimpulkan bahwa gas bumi terbuktilebih murah, lebih aman, dan lebih praktis dibandingkan LPG 3kg dan 12kg.Hambatan program JGRT Kota Depok adalah belum adanya pengembanganJGRT ke wilayah lain di Kota Depok.

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ABSTRAKThe Development of Natural Gas Distribution Network for Household (JGRT) isone of the Government of Indonesia's programs to increase the use of natural gas.JGRT program is implemented in 24 cities across Indonesia with a target of80,000 households, including Depok as one of the pilot. The JGRT Depokdevelopment was applied to 4000 households in Beji and East Beji Village in2010. However, an evaluation of the implementation of the program has neverbeen conducted until today.This study is focused on evaluating the achievement of the program outcomes ofthe JGRT in Depok. The study was conducted by using the survey approach with150 households selected as respondents. The respondents? selection process wasdone by using proportional random sampling method, while the analysis wasconducted by using descriptive quantitative method.Based on the above analysis, it is concluded that the number of beneficiaries whopreviously use the LPG tubes and switch to use the natural gas is 93.45% of allsurveyed beneficiaries. The amount of gas consumption can substitute 11,439tubes of LPG 3kg and 1,120 tubes of LPG 12kg per month. This figure represents0.85% of the total households in Depok and total monthly of 3kg and 12kg LPGconsumption in Depok. Government subsidies which have been saved since Juneof 2011 until December of 2013 amounted to 8.2 billion Rupiah. Based on theanalysis of respondent?s perceptions of the use of natural gas, it is concluded thatthe natural gas is proven to be cheaper, safer and more practical compared to LPG3kg and 12kg. The barriers of the JGRT program in Depok is the lack ofdevelopment JGRT to other areas in Depok.;The Development of Natural Gas Distribution Network for Household (JGRT) isone of the Government of Indonesia's programs to increase the use of natural gas.JGRT program is implemented in 24 cities across Indonesia with a target of80,000 households, including Depok as one of the pilot. The JGRT Depokdevelopment was applied to 4000 households in Beji and East Beji Village in2010. However, an evaluation of the implementation of the program has neverbeen conducted until today.This study is focused on evaluating the achievement of the program outcomes ofthe JGRT in Depok. The study was conducted by using the survey approach with150 households selected as respondents. The respondents? selection process wasdone by using proportional random sampling method, while the analysis wasconducted by using descriptive quantitative method.Based on the above analysis, it is concluded that the number of beneficiaries whopreviously use the LPG tubes and switch to use the natural gas is 93.45% of allsurveyed beneficiaries. The amount of gas consumption can substitute 11,439tubes of LPG 3kg and 1,120 tubes of LPG 12kg per month. This figure represents0.85% of the total households in Depok and total monthly of 3kg and 12kg LPGconsumption in Depok. Government subsidies which have been saved since Juneof 2011 until December of 2013 amounted to 8.2 billion Rupiah. Based on theanalysis of respondent?s perceptions of the use of natural gas, it is concluded thatthe natural gas is proven to be cheaper, safer and more practical compared to LPG3kg and 12kg. The barriers of the JGRT program in Depok is the lack ofdevelopment JGRT to other areas in Depok.;The Development of Natural Gas Distribution Network for Household (JGRT) isone of the Government of Indonesia's programs to increase the use of natural gas.JGRT program is implemented in 24 cities across Indonesia with a target of80,000 households, including Depok as one of the pilot. The JGRT Depokdevelopment was applied to 4000 households in Beji and East Beji Village in2010. However, an evaluation of the implementation of the program has neverbeen conducted until today.This study is focused on evaluating the achievement of the program outcomes ofthe JGRT in Depok. The study was conducted by using the survey approach with150 households selected as respondents. The respondents’ selection process wasdone by using proportional random sampling method, while the analysis wasconducted by using descriptive quantitative method.Based on the above analysis, it is concluded that the number of beneficiaries whopreviously use the LPG tubes and switch to use the natural gas is 93.45% of allsurveyed beneficiaries. The amount of gas consumption can substitute 11,439tubes of LPG 3kg and 1,120 tubes of LPG 12kg per month. This figure represents0.85% of the total households in Depok and total monthly of 3kg and 12kg LPGconsumption in Depok. Government subsidies which have been saved since Juneof 2011 until December of 2013 amounted to 8.2 billion Rupiah. Based on theanalysis of respondent’s perceptions of the use of natural gas, it is concluded thatthe natural gas is proven to be cheaper, safer and more practical compared to LPG3kg and 12kg. The barriers of the JGRT program in Depok is the lack ofdevelopment JGRT to other areas in Depok., The Development of Natural Gas Distribution Network for Household (JGRT) isone of the Government of Indonesia's programs to increase the use of natural gas.JGRT program is implemented in 24 cities across Indonesia with a target of80,000 households, including Depok as one of the pilot. The JGRT Depokdevelopment was applied to 4000 households in Beji and East Beji Village in2010. However, an evaluation of the implementation of the program has neverbeen conducted until today.This study is focused on evaluating the achievement of the program outcomes ofthe JGRT in Depok. The study was conducted by using the survey approach with150 households selected as respondents. The respondents’ selection process wasdone by using proportional random sampling method, while the analysis wasconducted by using descriptive quantitative method.Based on the above analysis, it is concluded that the number of beneficiaries whopreviously use the LPG tubes and switch to use the natural gas is 93.45% of allsurveyed beneficiaries. The amount of gas consumption can substitute 11,439tubes of LPG 3kg and 1,120 tubes of LPG 12kg per month. This figure represents0.85% of the total households in Depok and total monthly of 3kg and 12kg LPGconsumption in Depok. Government subsidies which have been saved since Juneof 2011 until December of 2013 amounted to 8.2 billion Rupiah. Based on theanalysis of respondent’s perceptions of the use of natural gas, it is concluded thatthe natural gas is proven to be cheaper, safer and more practical compared to LPG3kg and 12kg. The barriers of the JGRT program in Depok is the lack ofdevelopment JGRT to other areas in Depok.]"

"Terjadi peningkatan permintaan terhadap apartemen yang cukup pesat pada beberapa tahun terakhir, terutama di kota-kota besar seperti DKI Jakarta. Hingga saat ini, sebagian besar hunian di Indonesia mengandalkan liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) sebagai sumber energi utama untuk memenuhi kebutuhan energi rumah tangga, termasuk juga pada hunian vertikal yaitu apartemen. Produksi LPG dalam negeri tidak mampu memenuhi kebutuhan LPG rumah tangga yang terus meningkat setiap tahunnya sehingga Indonesia masih mengandalkan impor untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dalam negeri. Jaringan gas kota menggunakan potensi gas bumi untuk rumah tangga merupakan salah satu perhatian dari Presiden sebagai Proyek Strategis Nasional yang dapat dilihat dari terbentuknya Perpres No.6 tahun 2019. Pada tahun 2009 hingga 2018 sudah terbangun sejumlah 325.852 sambungan rumah (SR) di berbagai kota. Melihat kondisi tersebut, beberapa wilayah di Jabodetabek, terutama pada gedung apartemen masih belum terpasang infrastruktur jaringan gas bumi untuk rumah tangga dan komersial. Salah satu apartemen yang belum memiliki jaringan gas adalah Apartemen Lavande Tebet. Apartemen Lavande terdiri dari 1 tower, 32 lantai dengan 121 unit apartemen. Untuk memenuhi sasaran pelanggan sejumlah 121 pelanggan rumah tangga dengan kebutuhan gas sejumlah 88.360 m3/tahun, dan sumber gas dari jaringan pipa gas eksisting milik PT. Perusahaan Gas Negara, Tbk. yang berlokasi di Jl Prof. Dr. Satrio, Tebet maka didapat desain dengan Pipa MDPE 80 SDR 11 diameter 63 mm yang digunakan sebagai pipa utama dari tapping point menuju gedung apartemen. pipa carbon steel diameter 2” dan pipa carbon steel diameter 1⁄2” digunakan untuk pipa servis pada gedung apartemen menuju unit rumah tangga. Nilai investasi yang dibutuhkan untuk proyek ini sebesar Rp. 1,438,330,531.

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There has been a rapid increase in demand for apartments in recent years, especially in big cities like DKI Jakarta. Until now, most households in Indonesia rely on Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) as the main energy source to meet household energy needs, including vertical housing, namely apartments. Domestic LPG production is unable to meet household LPG needs which continue to increase every year, so Indonesia still relies on imports to meet domestic needs. Provision of city gas networks using the potential of natural gas for households is one of the concerns of the President as a National Strategic Project which can be seen from the issuance of Presidential Decree No. 6 of 2019. In 2009 to 2018 a total of 325,852 piping infrastructure have been built in various cities. Seeing these conditions, several areas in Jabodetabek, especially in apartment buildings, have not yet installed natural gas network infrastructure for households and commercial. One of the apartments that do not have a gas network is the Lavande Apartment Tebet. The Lavande Apartment consists of 1 tower, 32 floors with 121 apartment units. To meet the customer target of 121 household customers with gas needs of 88,360 m3/year, and gas sources from the existing gas pipeline network owned by PT. Perusahaan Gas Negara, Tbk. which is located on Jl Prof. Dr. Satrio, Tebet then obtained a design with an 80 SDR 11 diameter 63 mm MDPE pipe used as the main pipe from the tapping point to the apartment building. carbon steel pipes diameter 2” and carbon steel pipes diameter 1⁄2” are used for service pipes in apartment buildings to household units. The investment value required for this project is Rp. 1,472,163,388."

"Pabrik pengolahan gas X merupakan pabrik pengolahan gas bumi menjadi gas kering yang siap dijual (sales gas) dengan kadar air maksimal 9 lb/MMscf dari proses dehidrasi menggunakan Triethylene Glycol (TEG). Proses regenerasi rich TEG pada pabrik ini hanya mampu menghasilkan lean TEG dengan kemurnian 91,7%. Sehingga pabrik pengolahan gas X hanya mampu mengolah umpan gas sebesar 175 MMscfd. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan usaha untuk meningkatkan kemurnian TEG dengan bantuan stripping gas agar kapasitas pabrik dapat ditingkatkan sehingga memberikan nilai keekonomian yang lebih tinggi. Pada laju alir TEG yang tetap, laju alir stripping gas (N2) yang digunakan berada pada kisaran 0 - 2 m3/h. Kapasitas yang memberikan keuntungan per satuan produk yang lebih tinggi dari pada desain awal pabrik adalah 225 MMscfd sebesar 3,9654 USD/MMBtu dengan penggunaan stripping gas sebanyak 0,006 m3/h, sedangkan yang memberikan NPV tertinggi adalah pada kapasitas 585 MMscfd yaitu sebesar 723.800.123 USD.

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X gas processing plant is natural gas processing plant that produces dry gas that is ready to be sold (sales gas) with a maximum water content of 9 lb/ MMscf which is obtained from dehydration process using Triethylene Glycol (TEG). The initial design of the rich TEG regeneration process only able to produce lean TEG with a purity of 91,7%. Therefore, this processing plant only able to process the feed gas by 175 MMscfd. Thus, a study can be conducted to determine the effect of stripping gas (N2) on TEG purity so that the plant?s capacity can be increased which also increase the plant?s profits. The results show that when the TEG flow rate is fixed, flow rate of the stripping gas (N2) which can be used in the regeneration process ranges from 0 to 2 m3/h. The only capacity of modification plant which provides more profits per capacity than that obtained from the initial design of the plant is 225 MMscfd worth 3,9654 USD/MMBtu. The amount of stripping gas required in this capacity is as much as 0,006 m3/h. Meanwhile, total profit obtained by comparing NPV shows that the capacity of 585 MMscfd give the highest NPV worth 723.800.123 USD."

"ABSTRAKJaringan distribusi gas untuk rumah tangga merupakan program pemerintah Indonesia dalam mengurangi penggunaan energi minyak bumi. Program ini biasa disebut dengan Gas Kota yang berarti mengalirkan gas dari sumbernya melalui jaringan perpipaan hingga sampai ke konsumen yaitu rumah tangga. Salah satu daerah yang sudah mendapatkan program Gas Kota ini adalah Cikarang Kabupaten Bekasi. Pembangunan tahap satu jaringan ini rampung pada akhir tahun 2015 dan mulai beroperasi pada awal tahun 2016 sedangkan pembangunan tahap dua ini masih dalam perencanaan. Oleh karena itu dilakukan studi pengembangan jaringan distribusi ini. Dalam studi ini, pertama dilakukan pemetaan rute jaringan dari katup pengembangan hingga ke pelanggan. Kedua, menetapkan tekanan dan debit awal yang dibutuhkan. Terakhir, melakukan perhitungan hidraulik dengan simulasi menggunakan perangkat lunak sistem perpipaan yaitu Pipesim dan Pipe Flow Expert. Hasil dari studi ini diharapkan mampu menambah kurang lebih 1500 pelanggan baru dengan tekanan dan debit sesuai dengan standar yang ditetapkan. Dalam studi ini dilakukan analisis pada penggunaan beberapa diameter pipa untuk membandingkan tekanan akhir yang dihasilkan. Selain itu, dilakukan juga analisis pada kondisi seperti, sebagian pelanggan tidak menggunakan gas atau menutup katup gas sambungan rumahnya. Hal ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan tekanan yang ada pada jaringan tersebut.

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ABSTRACTGas distribution network for households is a program of the Indonesian government in reducing the use of petroleum energy. This program is commonly called City Gas which means the gas flow from the source through pipeline network to the consumers that is households. One of the areas that already getting this Gas City program is Cikarang Bekasi. Construction of phase one of the network was completed by the end of 2015 and began operating in early 2016 while the construction of phase two is still planning. Therefore, it conducted a study of this pipeline distribution. In this study, first mapping the route network from the development valve through to the costumers. Second, set initial pressure and gas flow is needed. Lastly, did a hydraulic calculations by simulation using piping system software ie Pipesim and Pipe Flow Expert. The results of this study are expected to add approximately 1500 new costumers with pressure and gas flow in accordance with established standards. In this study conducted an analysis on the use of several pipe diameter to compare the final pressure. In addition, analysis is also performed on the condition of some costumers don rsquo t use gas or close the gas valve. It is intended to know the difference in pressure on the network."

"PT X merupakan salah satu perusahaan niaga swasta berfasilitas yang bergerak dalam bidang penyaluran gas alam di wilayah Kabupaten Tangerang. Jaringan pipa distribusi gas yang dimiliki pipa mainline berukuran diameter 8 dan 6 inch, pipa konsumen berukuran 4 inch, dengan total panjang 39,5 km. Pada tahun 2014, PT X diakuisisi oleh PT Y dan menjadi anak PT Y dengan kepemilikan 100% saham. Untuk mengetahui potensi teknis dan keekonomian dari pengembangan aset jaringan pipa yang ada saat ini dalam periode sepuluh tahun mendatang, maka penelitian ini dilakukan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara melakukan evaluasi kinerja terhadap jaringan pipa yang ada saat ini, pemetaan sebaran industri di wilayah Kabupaten Tangerang, pembuatan desain teknis pengembangan jaringan pipa gas distribusi dengan menggunakan simulasi proses dan perhitungan keekonomian pengembangan jaringan pipa dengan asumsi semua dana berasal dari ekuitas. Kapasitas laju alir yang dioperasikan saat ini sebanyak 8,1 sampai dengan 9,72 MMSCFD dengan tekanan operasi 120 psig. Nilai keekonomian jaringan pipa existing adalah is NPV = 218.490,92 USD dan PI=1,15. Berdasarkan hasil simulasi proses, jaringan pipa yang ada saat ini memiliki kapasitas maksimum pipa sebesar 28,2 MMSCFD pada tekanan 210 psig. Untuk skenario pengembangan pipa hingga 80% dari kapasitas maksimum (22,6 MMSCFD), maka posisi dan desain pipa pengembangan yang memungkinkan antara lain: 1 km pipa Ø6? dan 3 km pipa Ø4? ke Jalan Industri III dan IV; 2 km pipa Ø4? ke Jalan Telesonik, Jalan Veteran, dan Jalan Jatake; 2 km pipa Ø4? ke Jalan Manis; dan 2 km pipa Ø4? ke Jalan Bhumimas. Total panjang pipa pengembangan adalah 10 km, dengan total biaya investasi sebesar USD 1.326.655,27. Tarif toll fee pipa distribusi ke ruas pipa pengembangan adalah 0,3081 USD/MSCF. Nilai keekonomian jaringan pipa distribusi keseluruhan existing dan pengembangan: NPV= 2.035.313,02 USD and PI=1,49.

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PT X is a private commercial company fully engaged in distribution of natural gas business in Kabupaten Tangerang area. The natural gas existing pipelines owned by PT X have 8 and 6 inches in diameter for mainline, and 4 inch for delivery pipeline with total length 39,5 km. In 2014, PT X was acquired by PT Y and became a subsidiary of PT Y with 100% ownership share. In order to know the technical and economic potential of pipeline development for ten years, the research was conducted. Research was done by evaluating the performance of the existing pipelines, mapping the industrial area in Kabupaten Tangerang, created technical design for pipeline development using process simulation software, and calculated the economic value for developing pipeline made, which the source of investments is from equity. The existing capacity used in operation is 8,1 to 9,72 MMSCFD with 120 psig operation pressure. The economic value for existing pipeline is NPV = 218.490,92 USD and PI=1,15. The maximum pipeline capacity is 28,2 MMSCFD in condition 210 psig operating pressure. To optimize the utilities of existing pipeline up to 80% of maximum pipeline capacity (22,6 MMSCFD), the potential position and pipeline design that fit for development are 1 km of Ø6 and 3 km of Ø4? pipe to Jalan Industri III&IV; 2 km of Ø4? pipeline diameter to Jalan Telesonik, Jalan Veteran and Jalan Jatake; 2 km of Ø4? pipeline to Jalan Manis, and 2 km of Ø4? pipeline to Jalan Bhumimas. The total length for pipeline development is 10 km, with USD 1.326.655,27 in total cost. The toll fee tariff for on development pipeline section is 0,3081 USD/MSCF. The economic value for overall existing pipeline and development: NPV= 2.035.313,02 USD and PI=1,49"

"Gas alam memiliki peranan sangat penting dalam menyediakan energi yang bersih lingkungan. Sehingga, permintaan gas sebagai sumber energi terus meningkat dan relatif lebih tinggi dibandingkan minyak . Pemerintah akan mengoptimalkan pemanfaatan gas bumi sebagai bahan bakar melalu program Jaringan Gas Kota. Pemerintah pada tahun 2010 telah membangun jaringan gas kota, yaitu di antaranya di Kota Depok. Jaringan di bangun di Kelurahan Beji dan Beji Timur dengan jumlah Sambungan Rumah mencapai 4.000 sambungan. Oleh karena itu, maka dilakukan penelitian tentang pengembangan jaringan pipa distribusi gas di rumah tangga. Simulasi dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak sistem perpipaan. Hasil studi ini menghasilkan desain basis proses untuk jaringan pipa distribusi gas bumi dan dimensi pipa yang dibutuhkan untuk pengembangan jaringan pipa distribusi gas bumi.

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Natural gas has a very important role in providing a clean energy environment. Thus, demand for gas as an energy source continues to increase and the relatively higher compared to oil. The government will optimize the utilization of natural gas as a fuel through the City Gas Network program. Government in 2010 has built a network of city gas, which is among the city of Depok. Network built in East Beji and Beji with the number of house connections reach 4000 connections. Therefore, it conducted research on the development of gas distribution pipelines in the household. Simulations performed using the software pipeline system. The results of this study resulted in the design basis for the natural gas distribution pipelines and pipeline dimensions required for the development of gas distribution pipelines."

"Tesis ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keekonomian jalur pipa distribusi gas bumi dari titik suplai ke konsumen di wilayah Papua Barat serta untuk menentukan besarnya tarif distribusi pada suatu jaringan pipa. Tahapan penelitian meliputi studi literatur, pengumpulan data, analisis supply and demand, menentukan skenario, analisis keekonomian, analisis sensitivitas, dan penarikan kesimpulan dan saran. Skenario yang diusulkan ada tiga. Pertama, skenario pembiayaan Pemerintah. Kedua skenario Pembiayaan Badan Usaha 100% Equity dan yang terakhir skenario pembiayaan melalui Badan Usaha 30% equity. Analisis Keekonomian Jaringan Pipa Distribusi Gas Bumi di Papua Barat dengan skenario pertama menunjukkan bahwa proyek ini akan ekonomis dengan harga Rp.3.887/m3. Skenario kedua akan ekonomis dengan harga Rp. 4.655,32/m3. Skenario ketiga akan ekonomis dengan harga minimal Rp.5.768,65/m3. Faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap terjadinya perubahan adalah eskalasi biaya operasi dan penurunan kebutuhan konsumen.

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This Tesis aims to analyze the economics of natural gas distribution pipeline from point of supply to consumers in the Sorong area and to determine the amount of the distribution tariff on a pipeline. Stages of the present study, in general includes the study of literature, data collection, analysis of supply and demand, determine the scenario, economic analysis, sensitivity analysis, and drawing conclusions and suggestions. There are three proposed scenarios. First, government financing scenario, the second scenario 100% Financing Entity Equity and the latter scenario enterprises financing through 30% equity. Economical Analysis of Natural Gas Distribution Pipeline in West Papua with the first scenario shows that the project will be economically priced Rp.3.887/m3. The second scenario would be economical at a price of Rp. 4655.32 / m3. The third scenario would be economical with minimal price Rp.5.768, 65/m3. Factor that influence the occurrence of change is escalating operating costs and decreased consumer demand."

"Melimpahnya cadangan gas bumi Indonesia merupakan peluang bagi optimasi pemanfaatan gas bumi sebagai modal pembangunan bangsa dan peningkatan kesejahteraan rakyat dari sektor energi. Namun peluang ini juga dihadapkan pada tantangan yang tidak mudah. Minimnya infrastruktur jaringan pipa, merupakan salah satu tantangan utama yang harus dapat dipecahkan dalam mengoptimalkan pemanfaatan gas bumi. Semakin tingginya harga minyak dunia saat ini pun menjadi dorongan kuat bagi peningkatan peranan gas bumi sebagai substitusi BBM yang dapat menjadi modal pembangunan keunggulan daya saing nasional dan ketahanan energi. Untuk mendorong pengembangan jaringan infrastruktur serta menciptakan iklim investasi dan persaingan usaha yang sehat dalam industri gas bumi nasional, pemerintah kemudian mengeluarkan kebijakan pemanfaatan bersama (open access) jaringan pipa transmisi dan distribusi gas bumi. Namun sejak ditetapkan hingga saat ini, open access jaringan pipa gas bumi baru dapat terlaksana pada jaringan pipa transmisi saja, sedangkan pada jaringan pipa distribusi, kebijakan ini belum dapat diterapkan. Belajar dari negara yang telah menerapkan kebijakan open access, ditemukan bahwa pelaksanaan kebijakan ini tidak dapat diterapkan dengan serta merta, tetapi memerlukan kondisi prasyarat yang harus dipenuhi terlebih dahulu. Kondisi Indonesia saat ini masih dalam proses pembangunan dan pemenuhan kondisi prasyarat tersebut.

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The abundance of natural gas reserves of Indonesia is an opportunity for optimization of the utilization of natural gas as the nation's capital construction and improvement of public welfare of the energy sector. However, these opportunities are also faced with challenges that are not easy. The lack of pipeline infrastructure, is one of the major challenges that must be solved in order to optimize the utilization of natural gas. Increasingly high oil prices is now also become a strong impetus for the enhancement of the role of natural gas as a fuel substitute that can be a capital construction of excellence national competitiveness and energi security. To encourage the development of network infrastructure and strengthening the investment climate and fair competition in the gas industri nationwide, the government issued a policy of open access to natural gas transmission and distribution pipelines. But since assigned, open access can only be implemented in the course of transmission pipelines, while in the distribution pipeline network, this policy can not be implemented. Learn from countries that have implemented open access policy, it was found that the implementation of open access policies can not be implemented immediately, but requires a prerequisite condition that must be met first. Indonesia's current condition is still in the process of development and the fulfillment of the conditions precedent"